• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.169-171
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• 2008

Giant lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) is a nonneoplastic lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology that usually occurs in the chest. Its morphological recognition is based on a composition of various histological features. The mass is often asymptomatic, but it can cause nonspecific thoracic symptoms, such as regional pain. This disease can be found wherever lymph nodes are present, but two-thirds of these tumors are found in the chest, along the tracheobronchial tree in the mediastinum or lung hilus. However, we experienced an unusual case of Castleman's disease as a cause of back pain that was localized in the posterior mediastinum bordering the chest wall.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.705-708
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• 1989

Angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia is a relatively rare benign lesion. It develops most often in the mediastinum, but also it found in other area of the body, usually where lymph nodes are normally found. There are histologically divided hyaline vascular type, plasma cell type and transitional type. The lesions were discovered most often on routine roentgenograms, and complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Recently, the authors experienced a case of angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, transitional type, located in the right hilar area. The lesion was removed and the patient is in good condition postoperatively. Now we report this case with review of previously reported literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.582-587
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• 1987

Castleman`s disease, giant lymph node hyperplasia, is a rare benign disease. The lesion usually consists of a single node, unassociated with any abnormality of the adjacent lymph nodes or other organs. In the first accounts of giant lymph node hyperplasia of Castleman, the lesion was described as solitary and localized to the mediastinum, which is still the most frequent site of involvement. The disease occurs in all age groups and there is no particular sex preference. It is symptomless and is usually detected on chest films as an incidental finding. On a single involvement, it does not recur after excision, whether total or partial, and the main indication of operation is to rule out more serious tumors. Recently multicentric form appears to be a variant of classic giant lymph node hyperplasia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Histologically, two distinct types have been reported; hyaline-vascular and plasma cell. The hyaline-vascular type of lesion is much more common than the plasma cell type. We report two cases of the hyaline-vascular type of Castleman`s disease.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.175-180
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• 1992

Giant lymph node hyperplasia(Castleman's disease) is a rare disease, which represents a peculiar form of lymph node hyperplasia. Generally, it has been considered as benign and localized disease but recently, revealed malignant transformation in some cases of multicenteric form. It usually occurs on the mediastinum and occasionaly neck, lung, axilla, mesentery, broad ligament, retroperitoneum or soft tissue of extremities. Histopathologically, it is divided into hyaline vascular or plasma cell type and the former is characterized with prominent vascular proliferation and hyalinization in the central portion and tight concenteric layering of lymphocytes at the periphery of the fillicles(mantle zone) and the latter is characterized by a diffuse plasma cell proliferation in the interfollicular area. From the point of view of clinical presentation, it has been divided into solitary form, which presents as a localized mass located most commonly in the mediastinum, and multicenteric form, which occurs multiple location and has systemic manifestation arid transformation into malignancy. Herein we report a case of Giant lymph node hyperplasia occuring in the left spermatic cord in a 58-year old male with brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1116-1118
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• 1998

Intrathoracic teratoma is mainly found on the anterior mediastinum. For teratoma of the pleura, one case was described. We have presented what we believe to be the first report of a teraroma of the pleura, which was mainly composed of neuroglial cells and was accompanied with lymph node metastasis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.830-835
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• 1991

Tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which usually affects the lung but may cause lesions in any organ or tissue of the human body. Mediastinal lymph node involvement is common feature of intrathoracic tuberculosis in children. Sometimes the lymph node may be enlarged and it causes compressive symptoms. Recently we experienced two cases of tuberculous abscess at middle mediastinum. The abscess seemed to be originated from the mediastinal lymphadenitis, and caused the symptoms. Operation was performed by median sternotomy and by posterolateral thoracotomy incision respectively for the purpose of relieving symptoms and diagnosing the mediastinal mass. The symptoms were relieved completely and postoperative course was uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.294-301
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• 2021

Recent case series and meta-analyses have suggested that robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) could be a useful alternative to video-assisted thoracic surgery esophagectomy. The advantages of RAMIE are a 3-dimensional view, 7 degrees of freedom, and tremor filtering, which enable more meticulous lymph node dissection with a lower incidence of complications. However, in radical esophagectomy, understanding the concepts of the fascia and compartment is crucial for successful and reliable dissection. The first RAMIE in Korea was performed by our team in July 2006, and since then, we have developed related techniques to achieve better short- and long-term outcomes. The key step in RAMIE for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is dissection of the upper mediastinum due to the difficulty of lymph node dissection and the high incidence of nodal metastasis in the area. Herein, we describe the technique of fascial plane dissection with esophageal suspension during RAMIE.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1180-1184
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• 1992

The use of computed tomography of the chest in mediastinal staging of lung carcinoma lies the premiss that malignant lymph nodes are larger than benign ones. We have studied the size of mediastinal lymph nodes & the malignancy rate in 55 lung carcinomas from March 1990 to July 1992 at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of medicine. The lack of relationship between the size of mediastinal lymph node and the probability of malignancy helps to clarify the limitations of the use of computed tomography in the staging of the mediastinum in lung carcinoma. There was no tendency for all malignant lymph nodes to be larger than benign nodes. To allow comparison with our data, malignancy rates for all lymph nodes larger than 10mm are 24.8% in sensitivity & benign rates for all lymph nodes less than 10mm are 96% in specificity. But all mediastinal lymph nodes larger than 30mm are metastatic lymph nodes in our cases. We are going to try to have thoracotomy for complete resection of lung carcinoma as possible as we can if there no evidence of contralateral mediastinal metastases of lymph nodes, even though there are large mediastinal lymph nodes in lung carcinoma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.531-534
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• 1988

Castleman`s disease is a rare disease entity of unknown etiology, with the characteristics of large, well marginated benign lymph node hyperplastic mass. This disease occurs predominantly in the mediastinum but also occurred in other areas of the body usually where lymph nodes are normally found. They have been divided into two histologic types: the hyaline vascular lesion which comprises over 90% of the cases; the plasma cell lesions, which was characterized by large follicle with plasma cell and systemic manifestation, such as fever, anemia elevated ESR, hypergammaglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia. This disease have behaved in a benign fashion and complete surgical excision is the choice of treatment. We experienced a case of Castleman`s disease which was treated by surgical resection through the thoracotomy, and has good postoperative and follow up result. We report a case of the Castleman`s disease with its review.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3825-3830
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• 2013

More studies are needed to clarify treatments and prognosis of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This retrospective study was designed to review the outcome of surgical treatment for early ESCC, evaluate the results of a left thoracotomy for selected patients with early ESCC, and identify factors affecting lymph node metastases and survival. The clinicopathological data of 228 patients with early ESCC who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy without preoperative adjuvant treatment were reviewed. The ${\chi}^2$ test or Fisher's exact test were used to detect factors related to lymph node metastasis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. There were 152 males and 76 females with a median age of 55 years. Two hundred and eight patients underwent a left thoracotomy, and the remaining 20 patients with lymph nodes in the upper mediastinum more than 5 mm in short-axis diameter by computed tomography scan underwent a right thoracotomy. No lymph node metastasis was found in the 18 patients with carcinoma in situ, while lymph node metastases were detected in 1.6% (1/62) of patients with mucosal tumours and 18.2% (27/148) of patients with submucosal tumours. Only 7 patients showed upper mediastinal lymph node metastases in the follow-up. The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 81.4% and 70.1%, respectively. Only histologic grade (P<0.001) and pT category (P=0.001) significantly correlated with the presence of lymph node metastases. In multivariate analysis, only histologic grade (P=0.026) and pT category (P=0.008) were independent prognostic factors. A left thoracotomy is acceptable for selected patients with early ESCC. Histologic grade and pT category affected the presence of lymph node metastases and were independent prognostic factors for early ESCC.