• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1287-1292
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• 2006

Constructed wetlands are well known as highly efficient system to treat wastewater from different sources. Among the constructed wetlands, upflow types of constructed wetlands have become a common selection of wastewater during the last decade. We conducted a pilot scale study at peen house on treating potential of nutrients by upflow vegetated filter(UVF) pilot wetland which was combined with hydrodynamic separator and used the cattail plant(Typha angustifolia), and operated with artificial nutrients influent. This study evaluate the performances of upflow vegetated fille, in removal of nutrients. The objectives of this study were two-fold: (i) to evaluate the nutrients removal performance of pilot-scale upflow vegetated filter, filled with a mixture of perlite and soil media and planted with cattails and (ii) to design of scale-up upflow vegetated filter using Froude number. Results indicated that, under the condition of the ranges of hydraulic surface load rate were $22.7{\pm}9.6\;m^3/m^2/day$, the average removal of $COD_{Mn}$, and TN, TP were 57.5%, 40.0% and 41.5%, respectively. Computational fluid dynamics, FLUENT 6.0 program was used to predict the distribution of velocity in UVF and hydrodynamic separator. Full scale UVF was designed using the Froude number scale-up method that was assumed geomertic similarity between model and prototype. Result shows that the UVF with 3 m diameter has capacity of design sewage flowrate 75 $m^3/day$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.655-662
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• 2009

In order to obtain knowledge on the design and operation of practical?scale Cylinder-Shaped Filters, pilot experiments were conducted to observe the effects of stepwise augmentation of production rate on water quality and clogging. A production rate increase from 0.8 L/min to 2.4 L/min did not appear to affect the removal efficiencies of BOD(Biochemical Oxygen Demand), SS(Suspended Solids), and turbidity, as the values were maintained around 80%, over 95%, and over 90% respectively;however, COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal decreased from 44% to 29%. In addition, results indicated an inverse relationship between production rate and detention time required to remove unit contaminant concentration, the observed detention time in the filter to remove 1 mg-COD/L being 83 minutes for the production rate of 0.8 L/min and 45 minutes for the production rate of 2.4 L/min, suggesting that a relatively higher production rate is likely to be more advantageous in the purification of reservoir water when compared to a lower production rate. Clogging was observed to originate from the surface and advance to the center of the filter, and although clogging seemed to increase as the production rate increased, this did not cause any difficulties in normal functioning of the filter for more than 2 years of operation, suggesting that this filter system can be used effectively in the purification of reservoir water.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.238-252
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• 2009

Due to the rapid increase of available contents via the convergence of broadcasting and internet, the efficient access to personally preferred contents has become an important issue. In this paper, for recommendation scheme for TV programs using a collaborative filtering technique is studied. For recommendation of user preferred TV programs, our proposed recommendation scheme consists of offline and online computation. About offline computation, we propose reasoning implicitly each user's preference in TV programs in terms of program contents, genres and channels, and propose clustering users based on each user's preferences in terms of genres and channels by dynamic fuzzy clustering method. After an active user logs in, to recommend TV programs to the user with high accuracy, the online computation includes pulling similar users to an active user by similarity measure based on the standard preference list of active user and filtering-out of the watched TV programs of the similar users, which do not exist in EPG and ranking of the remaining TV programs by proposed rank model. Especially, in this paper, the BM (Best Match) algorithm is extended to make the recommended TV programs be ranked by taking into account user's preferences. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme with the extended BM model yields 62.1% of prediction accuracy in top five recommendations for the TV watching history of 2,441 people.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.521-532
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• 2014

ATSC-M/H based hybrid 3DTV, which is one of the service compatible 3DTV system, has considerable quality gap between the left and right views. And CRA(Conditional Replenishment Algorithm) has been proposed to deal with the issue of resolution mismatch and improve the visual quality. In CRA, the disparity vectors of stereoscopic images are estimated. The disparity compensated left view and simply enlarged right view are compared and conditionally selected for generating the enhanced right view. In order to implement CRA, a fast algorithm is strongly required because the disparity vectors need to be obtained at every layer and the complexity of CRA is quite high. In this paper, we adopted SDSP(Small Diamond Search Pattern) instead of full search and predicted the initial position of search pattern by examining the spatio-temporal correlation of disparity vectors and also suggested the SKIP mode to limit the number of processing units. The computer simulation showed that the proposed fast algorithm could greatly reduce the processing time while minimizing the quality degradation of reconstructed right view.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.109-122
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• 2000

As the full-motion videos in MPEG are widely available nowadays, an editor that could easily edit such kind of media data is required to develop various multimedia applications. In order to concatenate and apply a transition effect to two video streams encoded in MPEG, they should be decoded first since there are dependencies in the frames in MPEG-encoded video stream. Since this decode-edit-encode process requires a huge amount of computing/storage resources, a new editing scheme that could apply various transition effects to MPEG video streams directly while keeping the quality of video data is strongly required. This paper proposes a new editing scheme that could apply three transition effects (such as fade-in, fade-out, and dissolve) to MPEG video streams in a compressed domain. In the proposed scheme, an extension of previous method in which the frames are partially decompressed and transition effects are applied is adopted for I- and P-frames. In addition, a new processing scheme for B-frame that could apply the transition effects in DCT domain directly using an approximation of motion compensation based on the motion vector to reference frames. Since this processing scheme could apply the transition effects in a compressed domain directly, the editing process could be speed-up about $3{\sim}4$ times faster than previous decode-edit-encoding method while keeping the quality of video data as good as the source data. The proposed scheme could be used to build a software-only MPEG video editing system that helps to edit MPEG video data even on a low-cost desk-top computer.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.40
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• pp.55-81
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• 2015

Animation as a public visuals media have been expanding increasingly its social and cultural influences beyond the ages and nations on the basis of global consumption. However, animation increases the negative impact in modern popular culture, and in regard to this, 'the recovery of ethics' should be considered in a reflexive and educational perspectives for the social role of animation. Thus, the research addresses the animation films of Brigham Young University students which contain a ethical values and receive attention by New York Times, etc. as a successful educational model. To do this, firstly, literature has reviewed by focusing on the negative impact of animation, 1) violence, 2) excessive sensationalism, 3) confusion of cultural identity, 4) gender discrimination, and 5) distorted view of history. Secondly, the education system of animation course at Brigham Young University will be analysed. Thirdly, based on this, the case study will be conducted by focusing on the 13 animation films of students to reveal the characteristics of the way of film direction. Through this research, firstly, most of animation films are comic genre, consisting of children and animal characters, family-friendly and lyrical story style and deployment of coincidental and allegoric incident. Thirdly, the religious spirit and multidisciplinary methods of education in Brigham Young University has influenced to the ethical expression and technical perfection in animation filmmaking. In the light of this, the research and suggests the new paradigm is for the practical disciplines of animation in the restoration of the ethical perspective and explores how the animation production adopts the moral significance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.470-483
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• 2018

This study was conducted to analyze the trend of quantitative research regarding female North Korean refugees in order to broaden our understanding of North Korean women and provide directions for future research. In August 2017, the Korean studies Information Service System (KISS) and Nuri Media (DBpia) databases were used to search academic peer reviewed journal articles with the following keywords: "North Korean female", "North Korean female refugees" and "North Korean female defectors". Trend analysis included a content analysis of the study finding section, along with analysis of the general characteristics of the study such as published journals, year of publication, study methodologies, and subject of the study. The main findings are as follows: First, Korean Journal of Woman Psychology was the journal with the most studies on female North Korean refugees. Second, as a result of looking at research trends by year, there was only one study on North Korean female refugees published between 2000 and 2004, and the number started to increase in 2010(8 articles, 22.22%). Third, according to the analysis of research trends by research methods, survey method was most frequently used. Fourth, statistical analysis was most often utilized analysis methodology(34 studies, 94.44%). Fifth, in the content analysis, North Korean female refugees' mental health and emotional issues(17 studies, 47.22%) were the most often the focus of studies being analyzed, followed by social adjustment issues((5 studies, 13.89%). Based on these results, directions for future studies were suggested.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.66-85
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explain and predict trends the AI development process based on AI technology patents (total) and AI reporting frames in major newspapers. To that end, a summary of South Korean and U.S. technology patents filed over the past nine years and the AI (Artificial Intelligence) news text of major domestic newspapers were analyzed. In this study, Topic Modeling and Time Series Return Analysis using Big Data were used, and additional network agenda correlation and regression analysis techniques were used. First, the results of this study were confirmed in the order of artificial intelligence and algorithm 5G (hot AI technology) in the AI technical patent summary, and in the news report, AI industrial application and data analysis market application were confirmed in the order, indicating the trend of reporting on AI's social culture. Second, as a result of the time series regression analysis, the social and cultural use of AI and the start of industrial application were derived from the rising trend topics. The downward trend was centered on system and hardware technology. Third, QAP analysis using correlation and regression relationship showed a high correlation between AI technology patents and news reporting frames. Through this, AI technology patents and news reporting frames have tended to be socially constructed by the determinants of media discourse in AI development.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.53-64
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• 2017

Purpose - This study focuses on use intention of mobile travel Apps by Chinese tourists visiting Korea based on UTAUT model, ISS model and ITM model. And the corresponding market promotion schemes are proposed for operators of mobile travel Apps by the research results. Research design, data, and methodology - After collecting 326 respondents in China with cross-sectional questionnaires, this study begins the empirical research with users of mobile travel Apps, and analyzes data with IBM SPSS 23.0 and IBM AMOS 23.0. Results - The results of this study include the following aspects: firstly, the System quality and Information quality are accepted for hypotheses of Satisfaction and Performance expectancy. Secondly, the Personal Propensity to Trust and Firm Reputation are accepted for Initial Trust hypothesis, and the hypotheses of Firm Reputation and Initial Trust are accepted for Use Intention. Thirdly, the Performance expectancy, Effort expectancy, Social influence are accepted for Use Intention hypothesis. Conclusions - With the increase of tourists visiting Korea, it can be predicted that the needs visiting Korea will be increased persistently for Chinese - this trend brings about the increase of the Chinese travel. First, information quality greatly influences satisfaction and performance expectancy. The research result shows that, the higher the mobile traveling App's information quality is, the higher the satisfaction and performance expectancy will be. Therefore, operators of mobile traveling App should have in-depth investigations towards users, to know the latter's real demand to the information quality and then provide corresponding services. Second, performance expectancy and effort expectancy greatly influence users' intention. Therefore, mobile traveling App operators should improve Apps' convenience and efficiency and, in doing so, find an effective method for market expansion. Third, social influence greatly affects users' intention. The result shows that mobile traveling App operators should pay attention to the influence of mass media and friends' recommendation on users, thereby it is necessary to improve advertisement activities. Fourth, initial trust also influences users' intention. The result shows that initial trust is a key element inducing users to generate use intention. Therefore, mobile traveling Apps operators should make efforts to catch elements that influence users' initial trust.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.17
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• pp.83-95
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• 2009

As an exploratory research on China's animation, this study aims to enhance an understanding of the trends and characteristics of China's animation through examining its history and to forecast its future development trajectory. From its founding to recent period, China tried to maintain Communist political system through imbuing national identity to its people through management and supervision of media products under direct government's leadership in combination with ideological education. Such policy was also implemented in animation, major audience of which is children. With regard to the introduction of the policy and its influence, five historical phases could be identified as follows. During the first phase, from the founding of the Republic until the Cultural Revolution, national culture was introduced to China's animation. The second phase, which corresponds with the Cultural Revolution period, marks the decline of national culture. National culture was reemphasized during the third phase that follows the Cultural Revolution, which led to the nomination of the 'China school,' followed by the fourth phase, during which China's animation suffered the second decline due to the spread of TVs and foreign animation imports. Reintroduction of national culture on China's animation in the context of rapid industrialization process before and after 2000 characterizes the recent phase. It can be expected that although there could be some change in methods and forms, China's animation, which introduced national culture from its inception and maintained remarkable resilience following the period of decline, will continuously stress the its own national cultural identity.