• Smart Media Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2018

Utilizing sequence control and numerical computing, embedded devices are used in a variety of automated systems, including those at industrial sites, in accordance with their control program. Since embedded devices are used as a control system in corporate industrial complexes, nuclear power plants and public transport infrastructure nowadays, deliberate attacks on them can cause significant economic and social damages. Most attacks aimed at embedded devices are data-coded, code-modulated, and control-programmed. The control programs for industry-automated embedded devices are designed to represent circuit structures, unlike common programming languages, and most industrial automation control programs are designed with a graphical language, LAD, which is difficult to process static analysis. Because of these characteristics, the vulnerability analysis and security related studies for industry automation control programs have only progressed up to the formal verification, real-time monitoring levels. Furthermore, the static analysis of industrial automation control programs, which can detect vulnerabilities in advance and prepare for attacks, stays poorly researched. Therefore, this study suggests a method to present a discussion on an industry automation control program designed to represent the circuit structure to increase the efficiency of static analysis of embedded industrial automation programs. It also proposes a medium term translation technology exploiting LLVM IR to comprehensively analyze the industrial automation control programs of various manufacturers. By using LLVM IR, it is possible to perform integrated analysis on dynamic analysis. In this study, a prototype program that converts to a logical expression type of medium language was developed with regards to the S company's control program in order to verify our method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.514-523
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• 2021

Recently, the proliferation of mobile simple payment services has been increasingly affecting people's lives. In addition, the increase in research from both China and Korea shows that the continuous development of simple mobile payment services will be very important in the future. The blog posts mentioning Kakao Pay and Alipay were collected, and keyword analysis was performed to investigate differences in consumers' responses to Kakao Pay and Alipay on social media. The frequency of keywords for each part of speech and the frequency of co-occurred words mentioned in one sentence were analyzed. Specifically, common words that appear in both Kakao Pay and Alipay blogs were extracted. The cooccurred words were analyzed to examine how different reactions were made on the same subject. As a result of the analysis, there were concerns among consumers about the trust of Kakao Pay and Alipay's benefits. For a mobile payment service to become competitive, it is necessary to add various additional services or solve security problems.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2020

Due to the recent economic development and the improvement of income level in China, the desire for quality medical services is increasing compared to the past. As an alternative to satisfy these needs, various applications using smart phones and the like are being developed. The new corona that occurred in December 2019 began to show great interest in non-face-to-face telemedicine services using smart phones due to the worldwide spread of the coronavirus. Therefore, in this study, a total of 200 people were surveyed on the top three mobile medical applications in China, and the data of 120 people who actually used medical applications were analyzed based on Venkatesh's UTAUT2 theory. A study was conducted on the intent to use and the factors affecting the in-law behavior. First, it has become clear that the interactive characteristics, expectations for effort, price value, interest in privacy, habits, and promotional conditions have a positive impact on the user's use. Second, it was investigated that the user's intention to use influences the behavior of use, and among the intentions of use, it was found that the mobilization characteristic expectation, hedonistic motivation, price value, habits, and promotion conditions affect the use behavior. Third, a study result was derived that the controlling variables such as gender, age, school age, and annual income do not affect the user's intention to use mobile medical applications as a controlling variable. Finally, due to the nature of mobile devices that use the Internet, various security vulnerabilities exist, and this can cause great damage or personal and social impact. Therefore, for the development of mobile medical services in China, it is necessary to re-establish a research model through comprehensive and in-depth considerations to supplement these problems in the future.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.9-18
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• 2023

Black box cryptography is a cryptographic scheme based on a hardware encryption device, operating under the assumption that the device and the user can be trusted. However, with the increasing use of cryptographic algorithms on unreliable open platforms, the threats to black box cryptography systems have become even more significant. As a consequence, white box cryptography have been proposed to securely operate cryptographic algorithms on open platforms by hiding encryption keys during the encryption process, making it difficult for attackers to extract the keys. However, unlike traditional cryptography, white box-based encryption lacks established specifications, making challenging verify its structural security. To promote the safer utilization of white box cryptography, CHES organizes The WhibOx Contest periodically, which conducts safety analyses of various white box cryptographic techniques. Among these, the Differential Computation Analysis (DCA) attack proposed by Bos in 2016 is widely utilized in safety analyses and represents a powerful attack technique against robust white box block ciphers. Therefore, this paper analyzes the research trends in white box block ciphers and provides a summary of DCA attacks and relevant countermeasures. adhering to the format of a research paper.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.9-15
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• 2024

In recent trends, there has been an increase in 'Qshing' attacks, a hybrid form of phishing that exploits fake QR (Quick Response) codes impersonating government agencies to steal personal and financial information. Particularly, this attack method is characterized by its stealthiness, as victims can be redirected to phishing pages or led to download malicious software simply by scanning a QR code, making it difficult for them to realize they have been targeted. In this paper, we have developed a classification technique utilizing machine learning algorithms to identify the maliciousness of URLs embedded in QR codes, and we have explored ways to integrate this with existing QR code readers. To this end, we constructed a dataset from 128,587 malicious URLs and 428,102 benign URLs, extracting 35 different features such as protocol and parameters, and used AutoML to identify the optimal algorithm and hyperparameters, achieving an accuracy of approximately 87.37%. Following this, we designed the integration of the trained classification model with existing QR code readers to implement a service capable of countering Qshing attacks. In conclusion, our findings confirm that deriving an optimized algorithm for classifying malicious URLs in QR codes and integrating it with existing QR code readers presents a viable solution to combat Qshing attacks.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.175-184
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• 2023

The elderly in rural areas are faced with the dilemma of poor community environment, weak social communication ability and insufficient pension knowledge reserve. In addition, due to the serious shortage of social security facilities in rural areas and medical resources, the elderly are struggling, and the suicide rate is far higher than that in urban areas. In order to make the elderly have a comfortable pension environment and face the increasingly serious aging problem with a positive attitude, this paper takes the community environment of the Baima Tibetan elderly in Tielou Township, Gansu Province as the research object of aging transformation. First of all, literature data were used to carry out research on the aging transformation in rural areas. On the basis of sorting out previous research topics, ERG theory was determined as the guide. Secondly, the research methods of on-site investigation, interview and other research methods are adopted to investigate the number of left-behind elderly people in this area, and classify them according to the national standards. At the same time, the image of the current situation of the community environment of the elderly. Finally, combined with the ERG theory, the transformation design of the elderly living environment is implemented, mainly from the three aspects of survival, mutual relationship and growth.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.33-48
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• 2024

With the advent of 5G, characterized by Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), and Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), efficient network management and service provision are becoming increasingly critical. This paper proposes a novel approach to address key challenges of 5G networks, namely ultra-high speed, ultra-low latency, and ultra-reliability, while dynamically optimizing network slicing and resource allocation using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. The proposed methodology utilizes prediction models for network traffic and resource allocation, and employs Federated Learning (FL) techniques to simultaneously optimize network bandwidth, latency, and enhance privacy and security. Specifically, this paper extensively covers the implementation methods of various algorithms and models such as Random Forest and LSTM, thereby presenting methodologies for the automation and intelligence of 5G network operations. Finally, the performance enhancement effects achievable by applying ML and DL to 5G networks are validated through performance evaluation and analysis, and solutions for network slicing and resource management optimization are proposed for various industrial applications.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.827-832
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• 2024

The AI program Sora is a video production model that can be used innovatively and is the starting point of a major paradigm shift in video planning and production in the future. In this paper, through consideration of the characteristics, application, and process of the AI video production program, the characteristics of the AI design video production method were understood, and the production algorithm was considered. The detailed consideration and characteristics of the work creation process for the video graphic AI video generation program that will be intensified every year were examined. Next, the method of generating a customized video with a text prompt and the process of innovative production results different from the previous production method were considered. In addition, the design direction through the generation of AI images was studied through the review of the strengths and weaknesses of the image details of the recently announced AI music video results. By considering the security of the AI generation video Sora and looking at the internal process of the actual AI process, it will be possible to present indicators for the future direction of AI video model production and education along with the direction of the design designer and education system. In the text and conclusion, we analyzed the strengths and weaknesses and future status of OpenAI Sora image, concluded how to apply the Sora model's capabilities, limitations, quality, and human creativity, and presented problems and alternatives through examples of the Sora model's capabilities and limitations to increase human creativity.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.803-808
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• 2024

As a service that creates graphic work images with AI, DALL-E2, Midjourney, Stable Diffusion, BING image generator, and Playground AI are widely used. It is that graphic also enables learner-led customized education. With this, it is worth studying detailed design customized learning materials and methods for designing efficient design in future 2D graphic work, and it is necessary to explore the areas of application. The current situation is that it is necessary to develop a design education system that can indicate the lack of AI technology through text security and questions. In this study, a successful proposal for a process that is produced through a process of creating AI design work through proxy work can be presented as a conclusion. Design, advertisement, and visual content companies are already using and adapting, and the trend is to reflect the AI graphic utilization ability and results in the portfolio along with interviews when hiring new employees. In line with this, detailed consideration and research on visual and design production methods for AI convergence between instructors and learners are currently needed. In this paper, proposals and methods for image quality production were considered in the main body and conclusions, and conclusive directions were proposed for five alternatives and methods for future applications.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.143-159
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• 2015

Predicting IT trends has been a long and important subject for information systems research. IT trend prediction makes it possible to acknowledge emerging eras of innovation and allocate budgets to prepare against rapidly changing technological trends. Towards the end of each year, various domestic and global organizations predict and announce IT trends for the following year. For example, Gartner Predicts 10 top IT trend during the next year, and these predictions affect IT and industry leaders and organization's basic assumptions about technology and the future of IT, but the accuracy of these reports are difficult to verify. Social media data can be useful tool to verify the accuracy. As social media services have gained in popularity, it is used in a variety of ways, from posting about personal daily life to keeping up to date with news and trends. In the recent years, rates of social media activity in Korea have reached unprecedented levels. Hundreds of millions of users now participate in online social networks and communicate with colleague and friends their opinions and thoughts. In particular, Twitter is currently the major micro blog service, it has an important function named 'tweets' which is to report their current thoughts and actions, comments on news and engage in discussions. For an analysis on IT trends, we chose Tweet data because not only it produces massive unstructured textual data in real time but also it serves as an influential channel for opinion leading on technology. Previous studies found that the tweet data provides useful information and detects the trend of society effectively, these studies also identifies that Twitter can track the issue faster than the other media, newspapers. Therefore, this study investigates how frequently the predicted IT trends for the following year announced by public organizations are mentioned on social network services like Twitter. IT trend predictions for 2013, announced near the end of 2012 from two domestic organizations, the National IT Industry Promotion Agency (NIPA) and the National Information Society Agency (NIA), were used as a basis for this research. The present study analyzes the Twitter data generated from Seoul (Korea) compared with the predictions of the two organizations to analyze the differences. Thus, Twitter data analysis requires various natural language processing techniques, including the removal of stop words, and noun extraction for processing various unrefined forms of unstructured data. To overcome these challenges, we used SAS IRS (Information Retrieval Studio) developed by SAS to capture the trend in real-time processing big stream datasets of Twitter. The system offers a framework for crawling, normalizing, analyzing, indexing and searching tweet data. As a result, we have crawled the entire Twitter sphere in Seoul area and obtained 21,589 tweets in 2013 to review how frequently the IT trend topics announced by the two organizations were mentioned by the people in Seoul. The results shows that most IT trend predicted by NIPA and NIA were all frequently mentioned in Twitter except some topics such as 'new types of security threat', 'green IT', 'next generation semiconductor' since these topics non generalized compound words so they can be mentioned in Twitter with other words. To answer whether the IT trend tweets from Korea is related to the following year's IT trends in real world, we compared Twitter's trending topics with those in Nara Market, Korea's online e-Procurement system which is a nationwide web-based procurement system, dealing with whole procurement process of all public organizations in Korea. The correlation analysis show that Tweet frequencies on IT trending topics predicted by NIPA and NIA are significantly correlated with frequencies on IT topics mentioned in project announcements by Nara market in 2012 and 2013. The main contribution of our research can be found in the following aspects: i) the IT topic predictions announced by NIPA and NIA can provide an effective guideline to IT professionals and researchers in Korea who are looking for verified IT topic trends in the following topic, ii) researchers can use Twitter to get some useful ideas to detect and predict dynamic trends of technological and social issues.