• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.151-163
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• 2014

This paper explores the causal relationship between acceptance attitudes and expected effects of smart work. With the rapid development of smart technologies, lots of organizations try to innovate in the conventional working styles for maximizing organizational effectiveness and efficiency. Although many organizations wish to foster smart working environment, they don't have confidence in detailed action plans and effects from it. Therefore, this study that explores the causal relationship between acceptance attitudes and effects may have crucial meaning to organizations pursuing smart work. In this research empirically conducted by questionnaire survey, the acceptance attitudes as predictors and the expected effects of smart work as influenced variables were used. This research analyzed 118 collected data and multiple regression analysis. As a result of analysis, teleworking shows the positive relations to all of dependent variables. And others have a positive or negative influence on effects of smart work. Results of this study may give implications to organizations that want to implement smart work environment.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.11-25
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• 2007

Bronchial asthma is a major public health problem worldwide and the morbidity and mortality of asthma have increased in last few decades. There is high prevalence of usage of alternative traditional system of medicines for the treatment of asthma. Large numbers of medicinal plant preparations have been reported to possess anti-asthmatic effects. Plant cells are now considered to be the chemical factories synthesizing a large variety of chemical compounds. Further, Ayurvedic system of medicine has an elaborate description of asthma from the earliest times describing it as 'Shwasa' meaning disease pertaining to breathing. This review classifies the antiasthmatics herbs based on the possible mechanism of action reported. Thus, these plants can be used to obtain a polyherbal formulation which contains various herbs acting at particular sites of the pathophysiological cascade of asthma for prophylaxis as well as for the treatment of asthma.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.41-53
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• 1979

A 6', 8a-bonded catechin dimer was synthesized by action of phenoloxidase on 2mol (+)-catechins. The same dimer and other two dimers which are also 6', 8a-bonded were isolated from the fresh cortex of Quercus robur. The 4, 8a-bonded and the etherified 4, 8a-bonded dimers were isolated from it. It was discussed about the meaning of the enzymatically produced 6', 8a-bonded dimers in plant cell. The isolated dimers are as following: 1. 6', 8a-bonded dimers: (+)-catechin-(+)-catechin-6', 8a-dimer(IX), (+)-catechin-(+)-gallocatechin-6', 8a-dimar (XIII), (+)-gallocatechin-(+)-catechin-6', 8a-dimer(XIV). 2. 4, 8a-bonded dimers: (+)-catechin-(+)-catechin-4, 8a-dimer(X), (-)-epicatechin-(+)-catechin-4, 8a-dimer (XI), (+) -galloatechin-(+)-catechin-4, 8a-dimer (XII). 3. 4,8a-bonded dimers with ether linkage: etherified(+)-catechin-(+)-catechin-4, 8a-dimer (XV), etherifid (+)-catechin-(+)-gallocatechin-4, 8a-dimer (XVI), etherified (+)-gallocatechin-(+)-catechin-4, 6a-dimer (XVII).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1139-1163
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• 2009

Since opening of the high speed railroad in Korea, service result of the last 5 years is commandable. About 236million passengers had taken KTX until February 2009, and number of trains in service per day during week-end increased from 128 to 181, meaning that it's grown about 40%. And MKBSF, one of indicators of the high speed railroad's reliability, registered 680,469Km at the end of the year 2008, witch is 6 times more than 121,000Km, contract base when KTX was introduced. With increasing number of trains in service, not only passengers use the high speed railroad more frequently, but also we assure its reliability through maintenance based on reliability. And actually we gather information concerning all kind of defects occurred during train circulation and then, analyse them, and eradicate their causes in order to improve the high speed railroad's reliability. This paper describes a verification test process to analyse causes of defective function about train's traction.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.19-31
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• 2015

As the social value gradually increases, the company's social responsibilities are granted and there are a growing number of requirements for a public value to economic value for the company. The cause marketing which has become widely known, it allows us to realize these values and in dictionary meaning, enterprises justification combines with marketing strategically, and is also illustrated as 'Cause Related Marketing.' For specific action plan, it is a marketing by connecting the selling of the product and donation to work out together to improve environment, public health, and poverty. This study examines how the cause marketing impact on the consumer's purchasing behaviour and purchasing intention and to find out whether there is an interrelationship. As a result, it turned out that cause marketing effect on purchasing attitudes and also the purchasing behaviour impact on the purchasing intention. Furthermore, the cause marketing influence on purchasing intention. As the idea of consumption gradually changes from the product consumption to value-based consumption as the time flows, the result of this research drew out the meaningful contents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.966-969
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• 2006

This paper proposed frequency that is done special quality Tuesday that can create wave length and size of RGB color by sound and method to convert to amplitude. Talk feedback of division side according to the change amount of motion energy through SAD by 4 in each frame of animation that is inputed by proposed method, and grasped stream and action of object. Also, meaning of animation through collar price that can do modelling by sound show.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.04a
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• pp.1015-1017
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• 2015

본 연구는 서로 다른 문화간에 e-Learning과 같은 학습 시스템을 제공할 때, 학습 제공자의 문화적 차이에 의한 비언어적 행동이 학습자에게 미치는 영향에 대해 다루고 있다. 지금까지 사회언어학적인 관점에서 서로 다른 문화간의 언어행동에 관한 연구는 있었지만 비디오 학습이나 웹과 같이 원거리에서 이루어지는 학습 지원 시스템에서의 언어행동에 관한 연구는 없었다. 본 연구에서는 행동언어학적인 관점에서 이루어진 연구를 바탕으로, 한국인과 일본인을 대상으로 하여 실제 강의가 이루어지는 동안 언어행동의 문화적 차이가 미치는 영향과 그 결과를 검증했다.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.106-118
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• 2007

Little attention has been focussed on a precise definition and evaluation mechanism for project management risk specifically related to contractors. When bidding, contractors traditionally price risks using unsystematic approaches. The high business failure rate our industry records may indicate that the current unsystematic mechanisms contractors use for building up contingencies may be inadequate. The reluctance of some contractors to include a price for risk in their tenders when bidding for work competitively may also not be a useful approach. Here, instead, we first define the meaning of contractor contingency, and then we develop a facile quantitative technique that contractors can use to estimate a price for project risk. This model will help contractors analyse their exposure to project risks; and also help them express the risk in monetary terms for management action. When bidding for work, they can decide how to allocate contingencies strategically in a way that balances risk and reward.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.49
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• pp.133-169
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• 2013

Reexamining Brecht's theoretical hypotheses in terms of cognitive science, this essay arrived at several temporary interpretations. Cognitive science implies that empathy can precede the rational understanding in Verfremdungseffekt. The spectator tends to simulate the unfamiliar incident and character and feels the consequential embodied emotion that leads to the cognitive understanding. The similar situation can be found in social gestus. According to cognitive science, gesture(social gestus) is simulated in the mirror-neuron of spectator, arousing consequently the embodied emotion that triggers the succeeding understanding. The spectator apts to experience and feel physically the moving gesture before decoding it as a social signification. Brecht's intention that attempts to reveal the duality of actor and character by eliminating the fourth wall is negated by cognitive science. According to the theory of conceptual blending, the spectator under the eliminated fourth wall mixes actor and character, and simulates this blending image so that he experiences it imaginatively. As such, another kind of illusion can be formed when a fourth wall is collapsed. Meanwhile, the critical thinking of spectator Brecht wanted can be hard to occur during the performance. It is necessary for the spectator to recollect the bygone dialogue and action in terms of social context as if he presses the pause, stopping the playback while watching a play in video. In this respect the social meaning Brecht intended can be achieved more effectively by the stop motion like tableau. It would not only give the time for the spectator to consider the implied social signification, but also make him possible to decode a semiotic meaning as if interpreting a still picture. Or it can be delivered by the dialogue that expresses the playwright's critical judgement. In this case, the subject of critical thinking is not the spectator but the author. The alternative explanation that the cognitive science suggests illuminates theoretically the reasons why Brecht's theory fails to be realized in practice. In a sense, Brecht's theory is nothing but a theoretical hypothesis. It takes the premise that the emotion hinders the rational thinking, understanding emotion and reason oppositively like Plato. This assumption is negated easily by the recent cognitive science that sees the reason as a by-product of physical experience including emotion. The rational understanding, in this sense, begins from the embodied emotion. As such the cognitive science denies the dichotomy of emotion and reason that Brecht adopted. The theoretical hypothesis of cognitive science makes us recognize again the importance of bodily experience in theatre. In theatre the spectator tends to experience physically before decoding the intellectual meaning. The spectator Brecht wanted, therefore, is far from the reality. The spectator usually experiences and reacts physically before decoding the meaning critically. Thus Brecht's intention can be realized by the embodied emotion resulted from simulation. This tentative interpretation suggests that we need to pay more attention to the empirical study of spectatorship, not remaining in a speculative study.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.6
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• pp.140-202
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• 2004

Body means 1)the whole structure and substance of a man, animal, or plant 2) the trunk or torso of a man or animal 3) part of garment that covers the trunk 4) the fresh or material substance, as opposed to the spirit. Human body could be distinguished as fresh and spirit. Body has the meaning of physicality. Physical means the bodily and constitution, but in the meaning of constitution there is the content of spirituality. Physicality means the appearing or arising of trace or image or nuance of body. The paintings which are using bodies are 1) directly draw bodies 2) twisting or transformation or nuance of the body and highly upgrade the physical emotion or fantastic bodily nuance 3) directly rubbing artist's body on the surface of painting with pigments to elect tactile specification. These physical art have appeared broadly by various artists, mainly with the social aspects of sex, drug, psycho sexual issues. In case of Joel peter Whitkin, the reason of strong physicality in the art is from the mind of the rejection and resistance of real world which is targeting top, perfect and beauty. Further explanation, being the world which is separated top and under, men and women, beauty and ugly; further in the situation, the hierarchy, terror and pressure began and many difficult problems has derived. The contents of attacking feminists's art works are very obscene to reveal female and male's phallus strongly. Sometime, it is strongly related in the political issues. The physical paintings have strong meanings in the action by hands and feet. It supports that it could reveal the humanity with smell, breath, and traces of bodies. In the bodies, the origin of life begins which gives human life by blood lines and water. Sometime, the physical paintings are made by the blood and urine to stick the physicality for special nuance. The physical paintings are made by the image of penis and clitoris which are related in the image of urinating, ejaculation and sometime is symbolized as pens and candles to drop liquid. The selected painters who are related in physical painting are Jackson Pollock, Andrea Serano, Eve Klein, Francis Bacon, Francesco Clemente, Lichard Long, Jakes & Dinos Chapman, Anselm Kiefer, Kiki Smith and Park, Ki Woong. Francis Bacon's style is destructive in representing human shapes which give us special message about the unbearable activity of men politician, high brain, wealthy and religious people. Francesco Clemente's method is to use throat, ear hole, mouse, clitoris, belly nostrils and every holes of body to transmute human physical body. Lichard Long uses directly his body in drawing the surface of painting by using liquid of mud Jakes & Dinos Chapman destroys or transforms the bodies of human. It sometime appears wrong location of the bodies that the penis and vulva is in between human faces or nose of women, Anselm Kiefer uses human hair for representing the human decaying martyrs, and indirectly using straw, he gives special ritual action to repent the Nazi's fault. From 2002 to 2003, Park KI Woong used women womb images to intermingle the smoke shape of <9.11 terror, 2001> in New York to reveal the painful situation of the time(*).