• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.217-221
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the immediate effect of Kegel exercise on the vital capacity according to the position. Methods: Seventeen subjects participated in the study (male=7, female=10). The subjects performed Kegel exercise in two positions: sitting and hooklying. The order of exercise was conducted in a random order selected by the subjects to exclude the learning effect. The maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) was measured using a spirometer. The vital capacity was measured according to the manual in the sitting position before the experiment. After each exercise, the vital capacity was also measured in the same way. One way repeated measures analysis of the variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the vital capacity according to the position, and a Bonferroni test was used for post hoc analysis. Results: Significant differences in vital capacity were observed after exercise than before exercise (p<0.05). Post-hoc analysis, however, revealed no difference in vital capacity according to the position (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study was a preliminary study to determine the vital capacity according to the Kegel exercise and two positions. Nevertheless, further study with several revisions of the number of subjects, duration, and time for intervention will be needed.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.453-457
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• 2012

The Goal of this study was to assess the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function of elderly people. The participants' cognitive functions were measured before exercise. Exercise was practiced three times a week for nine weeks. The aerobic exercises consisted of warm-up exercises for five minutes followed by cycling for 30 minutes. The exercise intensity was set to 65%~75% of the intensity for the maximum heart rate(220-age). The control group did not perform any exercises. The subjects' cognitive functions were measured nine weeks later. In the aerobic exercise group, between before and after the exercises, significant increases appeared in total K-MMSE scores and scores of some sub items comprising memory registration, concentration and calculation abilities but not in other items. In the control group, no significant differences appeared in any items between before and after the experiment. In a comparison between the aerobic exercise group and the control group, significant differences appeared in total K-MMSE scores and scores of two sub items comprising concentration and calculation abilities but not in other items(p<.05). Aerobic exercises were effective in the improvement of cognitive functions and among sub items of cognitive functions, concentration and calculating abilities were improved. Aerobic exercises performed by elderly persons are considered to be effective in improving cognitive functions.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.81-89
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of electrical stimulation biofeedback on motor learning of quadriceps muscle isometric exercise in 3 patients who have undergone total knee replacement surgery. A multiple baseline design across subjects was used. The electrical stimulation biofeedback was provided with each patient during quadriceps isometric exercise, which last 10 to 14 sessions with 10 repetitions each sessions. After training patients received 4 retention tests. Maximum muscle activity was measured pre- and post- electrical stimulation biofeedback training and retention test to evaluate the effect of biofeedback training. Maximum isometric muscle activity of quadriceps was increased after electrical stimulation biofeedback training in all subjects. The results indicate that a electrical stimulation biofeedback training is a useful method to improve motor learning of quadriceps isometric exercise in total knee replacement.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.541-550
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise training and half bath on blood component, cardiorespiratory function, and vascular compliance of middle-aged obese men. The subjects were 3 groups; aerobic exercise(n=10), half bath(n=10), and controlled group(n=10). They were tested on their blood component, cardiorespiratory function, and vascular compliance at the beginning and at the end of the 12-week study(pre-post test). For data analysis, mean and standard deviation scores were calculated, and repeated measure two-way ANOVA and Scheffe were used. The results of this study are as follows. First, aerobic exercise group was significantly improved on all blood component after the 12-weeks, and showed significant difference among groups. Half bath group was better than control groups on Triglyceride, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels. Second, aerobic exercise group was significantly improved on maximum oxygen uptake, maximum heart rate, and maximum ventilation after the 12-weeks. Third, in vascular compliance measured in both hands and both feet, the half bath group and aerobic exercise training group were significantly increases the control group. Therefore, these results imply that aerobic exercise and half bath can be helpful for better blood component, cardiorespiratory function, and vascular compliance in middle-aged obese men.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.968-975
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• 2009

The purpose of the present study was to examine effects of different exercise training modes (Aerobic Training, Resistance Training) on exercise specificity and transability. The tested subjects, composed of 10 healthy males without known family history or medical illnesses, were divided into two groups: Aerobic Training Group (ATG; n=5) and Resistance Training Group (RTG; n=5). An aerobic training program, based on maximum oxygen consumption rates taken during standard testing, was conducted in 60 minute sessions 3 times a week, and the Heart Rate Reserve (HRR) at 70% of maximum oxygen consumption rate was measured the using Polar. In the weight training program, based on repetition maximum rate (1-RM) taken during standard testing, the weight at 70% of such rates was measured during 60 minute sessions of 7 categories of exercise (Bench press, Leg press, Squat, Shoulder press, Arm curt Lat pull down, Triceps pull down), conducted 3 times a week. The data collected from this research were calculated to obtain average and differences compared to standards using an SPSS 11.0 statistics package. In conclusion, increase in V0$_{2max}$ and production of NO$_x$ (NO$_2$/NO$_3$), reduction of %fat, MAPwere shown effective in aerobic training and in different exercise tests, and aerobic testing within the aerobic training group (ATG) was shown to be more effective. In contrast, resistance training was shown to be more effective for the reduction of CK and LDH, and even in different tests, the resistance test within the resistance training group (RTG) showed to be more effective. Exercise specificity also significantly increased in both groups (ATG, RTG). but there was no significant difference in transability in both groups (ATG, RTG).

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Lumbopelvic stabilization exercise has become the most popular treatment method in lumbar rehabilitation since its effectiveness was shown in some aspects of pain and disability. The abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) has been extensively implemented to promote lumbopelvic stability. However, performing ADIM correctly is difficult even for healthy subjects, and it is time consuming to train people in ADIM. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare abdominal muscle [rectus abdominalis (RA), external oblique (EO), and transverse abdominis/internal oblique (TrA/IO)] activity during lumbopelvic stabilization exercises (ADIM only, ADIM with a ball, maximum exhalation only, and maximum exhalation with a ball) performed in a supine position with feet against a wall. Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Surface electromyography was used to measure abdominal muscle activity during lumbopelvic stabilization exercises. A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine the statistical significance of RA, EO, and TrA/IO muscle activity during four lumbopelvic stabilization exercises. Both-side TrA/IO muscle activity was significantly greater with maximum exhalation with a ball than with ADIM only or ADIM with a ball (p<.008). The results of this study suggest that maximum exhalation with a ball can be used as an effective lumbopelvic stabilization exercise to increase TrA/IO muscle activity in healthy subjects.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-16
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to show the effect of walking exercise on physiological index, physical fitness, self-esteem. depression. and life satisfaction in institutionalized elderly women aged over 70. Sample and Method: Data were collected from subjects who consented to participate in this program for eight weeks from the 2nd of July to the 27th of August 2005. The subjects were divided into two groups, 26 subjects in the experimental group who had walking exercise and 30 in the control group who did not have walking exercise. The intensity of the walking exercise allowed 50-65% of the maximum heartbeat. Results: The results of the experiment supported the hypothesis that the experimental group would have higher flexibility, left grip strength, sense of equilibrium, self-esteem and life satisfaction and lower depression than the control group. Conclusion: Walking exercise has the effect of decreasing diastolic blood pressure together with improvement in flexibility, left grip strength, sense of equilibrium, self-esteem, depression and life satisfaction for institutionalized elderly women aged over 70. According to the results presented above, walking exercise can be strongly recommended for improving the health of institutionalized elderly women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.1248-1257
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of an exercise program for middle-aged obese women. Method: The exercise program combined folk dance and resistance training. The subjects group consisted of 85 middle-aged obese women between 40 and 60 years of age. Three 8 week sessions consisted of a $55-80\%$ maximum heart rate (MHR) exercise for 60-90 minutes a day and 3 times a week from March to November, 2004. Data was collected through a pre- and post-exercise test before and after each session. Data was collected with Inbody, dynamometer and blood. This data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, and a paired t-test with an SPSS/PC(10.0 version) program. Results: There were significant positive changes in body weight, body fat mass, body mass index, percent body fat, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, and balance quality, but no significant positive changes in skeletal mass, fat free mass, percent abdominal fat(waist-hip ratio), visceral fat area, agility, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triglycerides. Conclusion: This study showed that an exercise program has partially positive effects for middle-aged obese women. The results of this study show that exercise at community health centers should continue for middle-aged obese women's health.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2002

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the aerobic exercise and weight training combined with VLCD(very low calorie diet) and chegameuyiin-tang(體減薏苡仁湯) on the change of the body composition during 15 days of hospitalization treatment. Methods: Twenty four female obese patients were observed. Exercise regimen was composed with aerobic exercise and weight training program, and the intensity of aerobic exercise were 50% HRmax(maximal heart rate) twice time a day and weight training were 50% 1RM(one repetition maximum) a day. All subjects diet regimen was VLCD of 600kcal/day. Results & Conclusions. 1. There was no significant difference between the aerobic exercise and the weight training groups in the change of body weight, fat mass, and percent body fat, waist-hip ratio, body mass index and resting metabolic rate. 2. In the comparison of the change rate of FFM(fat free mass), weight training group preserved FFM better than aerobic-exercise-only-group with no statistical significance.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2021

Background and Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the change of total work and total work ratio for each set, peak heart rate during exercise, and blood lactate for each set during the 5-set bench press exercise at 75% one repetition maximum test (1-RM). Materials and Methods Seven men in their 20s with more than 6 months of experience doing resistance exercises were selected as subjects, and their 1-RM bench press was measured two weeks before the experiment and 75% 1-RM was measured one week before the experiment. In this study, total work was measured for each set, and heart rate was measured during rest and set-by-set exercise. Blood lactate was measured during rest time after each set. The raw data were analyzed by repeated one-way ANOVA. Results Total work and total work ratio decreased from 1 set to 4 sets (p < .05), p < .001), heart rate increased from stable at the start of exercise (p < .001) and decreased between 3 sets and 4 sets (p < .05). Blood lactate increased continuously up to 2 sets (p < .001, p < .01). Conclusion In conclusion, total work and heart rate decreased with muscle fatigue during exercise, and blood lactate continuously increased. The results of this study are expected to be useful references for constructing resistance exercise programs in the future.