• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.203-215
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• 1996

Social security is concerned with ensuring all citizens maintain basic needs, community health nursing maintains and promotes health for all community members. Lately, This new area of community health nursing, concern social welfare has increased. The objectives of this study are, first, to analysis the activities of nurses at community social welfare institutes, second, to estimate nursing demand for social welfare areas. The study methods used were as literature review, an analysis of statistical data and case study etc. The analytical framework also included a demand analysis of nursing manpower in community social welfare areas. The major results are as follows; 1. Employees which work at social welfare institutes number 55,464, nursing manpower (including nurse aids) number 1,458 and this is 3% of the total employees. Within nursing manpower, nurses number 780, nurse aids number 670. 2. The rates of nurses among total employees were high in institutes for mental disorders and institutes for the age. 3. The salary level of nurses was lower than average and the rates of retirement showed a roughly middle level in welfare institutes. 4. The satisfaction level of nursing services was high, and it is the trend that nurses substitute for nurse aids which retire at social welfare institutes. 5. Nurse demand that follows legal criteria is 2,221, but only 35% are working. It is therefore insufficient from the minimum of 733 to a maximum 1433. 6. The sufficiency rates by institution were high at institutes for vagrants, aged and the handicapped. In conclusion, the conditions are of nurses which are working in with the social welfare institutes are poor. Also the number of nurses compared rates of demand were in surplus. But, the basic direction of welfare policy is universal-preventive and provision of the family and of community centered service, and nursing service demand in the social welfare institute will increase continuously, we predict. Therefore, we will need a positive plan such as the development of an inservice education program and the construction of an information collection system etc.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.564-570
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• 2020

In order to propose a realistic demand forecast for harbor pilots, define a direction for securing a supply of pilots for the betterment of national logistic services, and ensure the competitiveness of Korean ports, this study intended first to propose a new forecasting process for harbor pilot requirements through conducting analysis of determining factors affecting harbor pilot demand. Additionally, analyzing relevant previous studies allowed us to estimate the number of pilots required in the past and asses the studies limitations. Our second purpose was to propose a more stable allocation method among different pilot areas after forecasting the demand of harbor pilots until 2027 through application of the new forecasting process. From this application, the total number of pilots required was forecasted at 270, suggesting the total demand for harbor pilots will be increased by 7.57% compared with 251 pilots in 2018.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.918-923
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• 2021

The Korean government is developing a 10-year master plan pertaining to the Public Waters Management and Reclamation Act. However, it was observed that implementation of the reclamation project through frequent changes would occupy a significant proportion. Thus, questions are being raised about the effectiveness of the master plan. In view of this, the need for a trend analysis on long-term reclamation demand is growing. Accordingly, in this study, a trend analysis of reclamation demand was carried out using the annual reclamation performance data. The results of the analysis indicate that the demand for reclamation of public waters continued to decline, and the trend has been particularly evident since the 1990s, when it was converted into a reclamation master plan. In addition, the total demand for reclamation during 2021-2030 was calculated to be at a maximum of 13.8 km² and minimum of 1.7 km².

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.10-17
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• 2015

Currently, there are increasing demand for researches on the development of car-sharing operating strategy. In order to carry out the research, demand for car-sharing is required. However, since previous researches only adopted performance data or demand derived from several assumptions, spilled demand has been spotted due to lack of available cars. For this reason, we plan to suggest the way to estimate the value including spilled demand which has been spotted previously based on the record of utilization on the website of operating company, actual company providing car-sharing service. In the case of 'LH Happycar Service', difference between estimated demand and record of utilization is about twice the difference between estimated demand and record of inquiry. Especially, it is found that service rate does not go above once it reaches to its maximum rate because it cannot satisfy additional demands. In short, when we evaluate the demand for individual station based on the record of utilization only, it would be possible to underestimate the demand especially for the station at full capacity.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-107
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• 2016

Seismic fragility analysis is a probabilistic decision-making framework which is widely implemented for evaluating vulnerability of a building under earthquake loading. It requires ingredient named probabilistic model and commonly developed using statistics requiring collecting data in large quantities. Preparation of such a data-base is often costly and time-consuming. Therefore, in this paper, by developing generic seismic drift demand model for regular-multi-story steel moment resisting frames is tried to present a novel application of the probabilistic decision-making analysis to practical purposes. To this end, a demand model which is a linear function of intensity measure in logarithmic space is developed to predict overall maximum inter-story drift. Next, the model is coupled with a set of regression-based equations which are capable of directly estimating unknown statistical characteristics of the model parameters.To explicitly address uncertainties arise from randomness and lack of knowledge, the Bayesian regression inference is employed, when these relations are developed. The developed demand model is then employed in a Seismic Fragility Analysis (SFA) for two designed building. The accuracy of the results is also assessed by comparison with the results directly obtained from Incremental Dynamic analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.1647-1652
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• 2009

Generally the neural network and the fuzzy compensative algorithm are applied to forecast the time series for power demand with a characteristic of non-linear dynamic system, but it has a few prediction errors relatively. It also makes long term forecast difficult for sensitivity on the initial condition. On this paper, we evaluate the chaotic characteristic of electrical power demand with analysis methods of qualitative and quantitative and perform a forecast simulation of electrical power demand in regular sequence, attractor reconstruction, time series forecast for multi dimension using Lyapunov exponent quantitatively. We compare simulated results with the previous method and verify that the purpose one being more practice and effective than it.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.542-550
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to suggest the projected workforce of certified emergency nurses in Korea. Method: The methods used in this study are 1) demand & ratio model was used for the projected workforce of CEN, 2) Index functional formula was used for the suggestion of the number of general hospitals and hospitals, 3) Experts in Emergency care were contacted to get an opinion and information about the criteria of distribution and scope of CEN, 4) National and international internet data were collected. Result: The demand of CEN were analyzed by two ways; demand of Emergency centers only and demand of emergency centers including community centers. The number of CENs needed to meet the demands in 2002, 2005 and 2010 was estimated at minimum of 1,512 to maximum1,576, 1,640 to 1,704 and 1,892 to 1,956 respectively. The projected number of CENs for the 2002 was 1% total available nurses in Korea, and 3.2 CENs per 100,000 population. Conclusion: It is really desirable that CENs not only work for hospital emergency centers but also for emergency related centers in community.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 2016

Peak load rate(i.e., maximum daily flow/average daily flow) has not been considered for industrial water demand planning in Korea to date, while area unit method based on average daily flow has been applied to decide capacity of industrial water treatment plants(WTPs). Designers of industrial WTPs has assumed that peak load would not exist if operation rate of factories in industrial sites were close to 100%. However, peak load rates were calculated as 1.10~2.53 based on daily water flow from 2009 to 2014 for 9 industrial WTPs which have been operated more than 9 years(9-38 years). Furthermore, average operation rates of 9 industrial WTPs was less than 70% which means current area unit method has tendency to overestimate water demand. Therefore, it is not reasonable to consider peak load for the calculation of water demand under current area unit method application to prevent overestimation. However, for the precise future industrial water demand calculation more precise data gathering for average daily flow and consideration of peak load rate are recommended.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.919-940
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• 2012

Video on Demand (VOD) is a multimedia service which allows a remote user to select and then view video at his convenience at any time he wants, which makes the VOD become an important technology for many applications. Numerous periodic VOD broadcasting protocols have been proposed to support a large number of receivers. Broadcasting is an efficient transmission scheme to provide on-demand service for very popular movies. This paper proposes a new broadcasting scheme called Popularity Cushion Staggered Broadcasting (PCSB). The proposed scheme improves the Periodic Broadcasting (PB) protocols in the latest mobile VOD system, which is called MobiVoD system. It also, reduces the maximum waiting time of the mobile node, by partitioning the $1^{st}$ segment of the whole video and storing it in the Local Media Forwarder (LMF) exactly in the Pool of RAM (PoR), and then transmitting them when the mobile nodes miss the $1^{st}$ broadcasted segment. The results show that the PCSB is more efficient and better than the all types of broadcasting and caching techniques in the MobiVoD system. Furthermore, these results exhibits that system performance is stable under high dynamics of the system and the viewer's waiting time are less than the previous system.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2012

To decrease employees' job stress in the viewpoint of occupational health is very important to improve the productivity and quality of labor. In this study, the job stress, and it's influence on job commitment and organizational commitment were investigated by the questionnaire survey of 259 industrial workers. As results, the majority of workers were under job stress resulted from job demand, job control, and coworker's support. The work times per a week and night work had significant relationships with job demand, and the maximum negative relationship between the work times per a week and job continuous commitment was found. Job demand had the significant relationship with job affective and normative commitment, and job control had the significant relationship with job normative commitment and organizational affective commitment. Moreover, job affective and normative commitment had the significant relationship with organizational continuous commitment. Finally, it was found that cyclic organic chain was composed of work times per a week, night work, salary, job demand, job control, job affective and normative commitment, and organizational affective and continuous commitment. The results of this study indicates that reducing cyclic organic chain is urgently necessary to increase employees' job satisfaction and company commitment.