• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 2012

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between the roots of the maxillary molars and the maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and measured the distances between the roots of the maxillary molars and the sinus floor as well as the thickness of the bone between the root and the alveolar cortical plate. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 83 patients with normally erupted bilateral maxillary first and second molars. A total of 332 maxillary molars were examined using CBCT images. The vertical relationship of each root with the maxillary sinus was classified into four types on CBCT cross-sectional images. The distance between the sinus floor and root and the bone thickness between the root and alveolar cortical plate were measured. Results: In the buccal roots of the maxillary molars, a root protruding into the sinus occurred most frequently. A root projecting laterally along the sinus cavity was most common in the palatal roots of the maxillary first molars. The mesiobuccal roots of the maxillary second molar were closest to the sinus. The mesiobuccal roots of the first molars were closest to the cortical plate. Conclusion: The relationship between the roots of the maxillary molars and the sinus differed between the buccal and palatal roots. A root protruding into the sinus occurred more frequent in the buccal roots of the maxillary molars. The mesiobuccal root of the maxillary second molar was closest to the maxillary sinus floor and farthest from the alveolar cortical plate.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.491-503
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• 1998

A cystic compound odontoma in the maxillary sinus occurred in a 13-year-old boy. who had missing right upper third molar without having the history of extraction of the wisdom tooth. He complained nasal stuffiness. headache. and pain on the affected face. resembling any sign and symptoms of the maxillary sinus problems. The cystic compound. sized 2 x 1.5 cm in diameter was pedunculated and attached on the posterior wall of the right maxillary sinus and above the antral floor. The location of the compound odontoma in the maxillary sinus was confirmed after panoramic. waters. spiral tomographic. CT examinations and surgical exploration. Its location was on the medial. posterior. superior to the normal position of the maxillary third molar or the maxillary dental arch. The cystic odontoma in the maxillary sinus made the patient have the signs and symptoms of maxillary sinusitis. The cystic compound odontoma might be originated from the dental lamina of the missing upper right third molar. The 'V principle' of the upper jaw growth and the pneumatization process of the maxillary sinus could explain why the compound odontoma had peduncular shape and the location of odontoma was on the medial. superior to the normal position of the maxillary dental arch.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.473-477
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• 2010

Organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus is a rare, nonneoplastic benign lesion with locally destructive behavior that may mimic a malignancy. Clinically, symptoms do not usually occur while the lesion remains localized to the maxillary sinus. Because there is gradual enlargement of the lesion causing erosion and displacement of the adjacent bony structures, symptoms such as epistaxis, cheek swelling, nasal obstruc-tion, headache, and exophthalmos become manifest. Radiologically, unilateral cases are much more fre-quent than bilateral, and Waters' view shows complete opacity of the expanded maxillary sinus and some masses. CT scan shows a large heterogeneous enhancing mass causing considerable expansion of the max-illary sinus with bony erosion. On MR imaging, the mass usually has a variable signal intensity on T1- and T2- weighted images, ranging from low to high. After contrast administration, discrete areas of enhance-ment are present within the mass. Although the disease is essentially benign and nonneoplastic, differen-tial diagnosis from neoplastic disease including malignancy both clinically and radiologically has been always problematic. Accurate preoperative diagnosis of organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus is important to avoid unnecessary extensive surgery, because this condition is curative with a simple, conservative surgical approach and rarely recur. Organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus should be included in the differential diagnosis when patients have recurrent epistaxis, slow-growing mass of the cheek, nasal obstruction, and expansile mass in the maxillary sinus. A 33-year-old man was referred to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery with a three-month history of slowly growing painful swelling of the left cheek. The mass of the maxillary sinus was resected by a Caldwell-Luc approach. Histopahtoly showed only a fibous encapsulated organized hematoma. To our knowledge, organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus has not been previously described in the Korean literature of the oral and maxillofacial surgery. We report a case of organized hematoma of the maxillary sinus presenting with an enlarging maxillary sinus mass.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.377-384
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• 2020

This report presents 2 cases of sinus fungus ball and describes the characteristic radiographic features of fungus ball in the maxillary sinus. Two female patients, aged 62 and 40 years, sought consultations at a dental hospital for the treatment of dental implants and tooth pain, respectively. Panoramic radiography and small field-of-view(FOV) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) did not provide detailed information for the radiographic diagnosis of fungus ball due to the limited images of the maxillary sinus. Additional paranasal sinus computed tomographic images showed the characteristic features of fungus ball, such as heterogeneous opacification and intralesional calcification of the maxillary sinus. The calcified materials of the fungus balls were located in the middle and superior regions of the maxillary sinus. It is necessary to use large-FOV CBCT for the detection of calcified materials in the upper maxillary sinus to confirm the diagnosis of fungus ball.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2022

Objectives: Mucous retention cysts and pseudoantral cysts are mainly located within the floor of the maxillary sinus. Most of these maxillary cysts are asymptomatic and often only require observation. However, the presence of these benign maxillary cysts may create problems when maxillary sinus all types of implants are needed. Various treatment methods have been introduced. The selected treatment option depends on the type, size, and location of the cyst and its symptoms. Patients and Methods: The case reports of four patients with maxillary cysts were reviewed retrospectively. These patients received a sinus lift between January 2016 and October 2021 at the Wonkwang University Dental Hospital. Results: To reduce unnecessary operations and the duration of treatment, a conservative treatment method is required. A sinus lift in the presence of maxillary cyst will not typically cause sinus problems if the lifted sinus membrane does not interfere with ventilation of the maxillary sinus. Conclusion: When proper treatment is provided, sinus perforation during a sinus lift performed in the presence of maxillary cyst and contamination of bone graft materials by cystic fluid does not necessarily result in adverse outcomes.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.271-275
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• 2001

Nine cases of maxillary sinus aspergillosis during a period from February of 1992 to June of 2000 were investigated to analyze the clinical, radiologic and pathologic features. Maxillary sinus aspergillosis is rare disease, but it was increasing tendency with overuse antibiotics, steroid hormones, and anticancer agents. Aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus may occur as a chronic disease in an otherwise healthy person. The clinical features of maxillary sinus aspergillosis were similar to the non-fungal, chronic sinusitis. Intrasinus calcification is known to be a characteristic feature of maxillary sinus aspergillosis. It is suggested that excess root filling materials containing zinc oxide in the maxillary sinus could favour the formation of a local, non-invasive maxillary sinus aspergillosis. And this "dental" model of pathogenensis of maxillary sinus aspergillosis is an alternative to the widely accepted concept of spore inhalation and "aero-genic" pathogenensis of maxillary sinus aspergillosis. The radical surgery such as Caldwell-Luc operation was one of the most effective treatment modalities. Our results of this study indicate that maxillary sinus aspergillosis might occur mainly in healthy individuals rather than debilitating patients. It could efficiently treated with radical surgery alone without the antifungal agents. 4 cases were suspected to be related with teeth extraction and endodontic treatment. There were no recurrence in all cases.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.93-97
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• 2010

This report was to show the radiographic appearances of the fungus ball in a paranasal sinus and to emphasize the scan area of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to detect the calcification in the paranasal sinus. A seventyfour-year-old woman visited our department for the implant rehabilitation at both maxillary posterior edentulous region. Pre-operative radiographic examinations including the panoramic, CBCT, and multidector CT images were taken. An opacification in the right maxillary sinus was observed on the multiplanar image of CBCT, however the pre-determined scan area of CBCT in this report hardly showed the calcifications at the central portion of the maxillary sinus. The opacification in the maxillary sinus could be misdiagnosed as chronic maxillary sinusitis if the calcification of fungus ball was not simultaneously detected. The scan area of pre-operative CBCT needs to be enough to scan the paranasal sinus from top to bottom.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in representation of a globular radiopaque mass on the pantomograms and Waters' views and to compare the efficacy of periapical radiograms, pantomograms and Waters' views in detection of defects on the internal walls of the maxillary sinus. This study was performed with dried human skull. For the study of difference of radiopaque mass shadow in the two views, rubber ball with a diameter of 10㎜ was used as the experimental lesion. It was placed successively on the internal wall of the anterior, posterior, medial, lateral walls and floor of the maxillary sinus. To examine the detectability of defects for radiographic techniques, defects were formed in the anterior, posterior, medial, lateral walls, and floor of the maxillary sinus. They were formed with 0.5㎜, 0.75㎜, 1.0㎜, 2.0㎜ and 3.0㎜ sized steel round burs with a slow speed dental handpiece. By subsequently plugging the holes with zinc oxide eugenol paste, radiopaque defects were produced. After that the periapical radiograms, the pantomograms and the Waters' views were taken each and every defect. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Rubber balls placed on each internal wall of the maxillary sinus were correctly depicted on the posterior wall and the floor in case of the pantomogram, and on the anterior wall and the medial wall in case of the Waters' view. 2. On the detectability of defects for each radiographic technique, radiolucent defects were detected in different places for each technique. Periapical radiogram could detect 1.0㎜ defect on the floor of the maxillary sinus, pantomogram could detect 2.0㎜ defect on every internal wall of the maxillary sinus, and Waters' view could detect 3.0㎜ defect on the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus. 3. On the detectability of defects for each radiographic technique, radiopaque defects were detected in different places for each technique. Periapical radiogram could clearly detect 0.5㎜ defect on the floor of the maxillary sinus, pantomogram could detect 0.5㎜ defect on every internal wall of the maxillary sinus, and finally Waters' view could detect 0.5㎜defect on the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus but 0.75㎜ defect on the anterior wall, lateral wall and floor of the maxillary sinus. As the result, the periapical radiogram is the most simple and satisfactory method for investigating in the maxillary sinus. The pantomogram is suitable method for screening of changes in the maxillary sinus. And the Waters' view is available for detect of lesion in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus. For the purpose of accurate diagnosis and evaluation of lesion in the maxillary sinus, these techniques supplement each other.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.127-129
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• 2018

Radiopacity in the maxillary sinus can be observed in various conditions, such as in the presence of lesions in the maxillary sinus or as a sequela of maxillary sinus surgery. This report describes the case of a 57-year-old female patient who had no previous history of surgical treatment or traumatic injury of the nose or maxillary sinus. Both maxillary sinuses were indistinguishable on panoramic radiography and showed signs of radiopacity. Computed tomography images revealed that the maxillary sinuses were filled with bony tissue and exhibited signs of sinus mucosal thickening. Biopsy results showed fragments of trabecular bone with fibrous tissue.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the present retrospective cohort study was to investigate the incidence of sinus perforation during endodontic microsurgery and to assess healing of cases with sinus perforation. Materials and Methods: Clinical and radiographic records were collected from patients who were treated with endodontic microsurgery in the Microscope Center of the Department of Conservative Dentistry at Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea, between March 2001 and January 2016. To determine the incidence of sinus perforation, all cases involving maxillary premolar and molar teeth were assessed, and cases with perforation of maxillary sinus during the procedure were counted. To assess the outcome of the endodontic microsurgery, cases with sinus perforation were recalled at least 1 year after surgery. Result: Two hundred and forty-nine maxillary premolars and molars were treated with endodontic microsurgery. Among these cases, 16 cases had sinus perforations. Overall incidence of sinus perforation was 6.4%. Thirteen cases with sinus perforation were followed up for 1 year after endodontic microsurgery. Outcome assessment revealed that 2 of 13 cases with sinus perforation had failed. The success rate of endodontic microsurgery with sinus perforation was 84.6%. Conclusion: Endodontic surgery performed using microsurgical techniques decreases the risk of sinus perforation. Predictable outcomes of endodontic microsurgeries and healing of sinus membrane can be expected with adequate treatment steps and careful periodic follow-ups in cases with maxillary sinus perforations.