• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.24-39
• /
• 2000

Various methods and graft materials have been used to fill in the defect adjacent to the implants and considered as clinically acceptable. But it is not clear whether the regenerated bone increases the implant-bone contact and supports the implant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate regenerated bone surrounding implants using bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) and demineralized freeze-dried bone(DFDB), and the interfaces between implants and regenerated bone. bBMP was extracted and partially purified from the bovine bone matrix using heparine chromatography. Demineralized freeze-dried bone was made from the dog. Inactive insoluble collagenous bone matrix(IBM) of dog was used as carrier of bBMP. Interfaces of titanium coated epoxy resin implants were processed for demineralized section for transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and those of screw type implants were for nondemineralized section for light and fluoromicroscopic examination. Implants were inserted in the inferior border of mandible of adult dogs and artificial bony defects($3{\times}3{\times}4mm$) were made at the mesial and distal side of implants. Defects were filled with BMP(BMP group) and DFDB(DFDB group). For the fluoromicroscopic examination, the fluorescent dyes(oxytetracycline, calcein green, alizarin red) were injected 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks after implantation. The experimental animals were sacrificed at the 6th and the 12th week and their mandible were extirpated and processed for examination with light microscopy, fluoromicroscopy and TEM. The obtained results were as follows : 1. By the light microscopic findings, the defects were filled with woven bone at the 6th week and compact bone at the 12th week, and the osseointegrations were seen in both groups. There was no histological difference between them. 2. On the basis of the histomorphometric analysis, BMP group(6th week: 40.25%, 12th week: 56.04%) had higher bony contact ratio than DFDB group(38.37%, 42.63%). There was significant difference between two groups at the 12th week(p<0.05). 3. The amount of bone formation in BMP group was more prominent than in DFDB group. Significant difference was noted among two groups at the 6th and the 8th week(p<0.05). 4. By the transmission electron microscopic findings, $0.4-2{\mu}m$ soft tissue layer was found in adjacent to the interfaces and over the collagen fibrils of bone at the 6th week. However, about 100nm amorphous layer was noted at the interface or collagen fibrils directly extended to the titanium surface at the 12th week. There was no significant difference between two groups. 5. These results suggest that BMP and DFDB can be used as good graft materials in the regeneration of bone adjacent to implant, and BMP is more valuable as a bone inducer than DFDB.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
• /
• 제15D권6호
• /
• pp.861-872
• /
• 2008

컴퓨팅 환경이 발전함에 따라 다양한 물리적 객체와 디지털 정보를 연동하는 자동인식 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 이러한 자동인식시스템은 다양한 산업분야에서 활용되고 있음에도 불구하고 보건의료와 관련한 자동인식 기술의 접목은 아직까지 다른 산업기술 전반에 미치지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 따라 의료장비, 혈액, 인체조직 등 보건의료 용품의 자동인식에 관한 여러 연구가 진행 중이다. 이 논문은 인간 유전체 연구의 필수 연구재료인 생물자원을 대상으로 자동인식 기술의 적용 방안을 제안한다. 먼저, 자동인식기술 도입을 위해 사용 환경상의 고려사항을 정의하고, 조사과정 또는 실험을 통하여 적합한 형태의 태그 인터페이스로서 바코드를 선택하였다. 바코드 심볼로지는 2차원 바코드 심볼로지인 Data Matrix를 사용하고, 데이터 스키마는 국제적 범용성 추구를 위하여 UCC/EAN-128 기반으로 설계하였다. 제안된 기술들이 실제 환경에 적용되는지를 보이기 위한 어플리케이션을 개발하고, 이에 대한 실험 및 평가를 다음의 방법으로 수행하였다. 생물자원이 실제 보존되는 영하 $196^{\circ}C$, 영하 $75^{\circ}C$의 초저온 보존환경에서 바코드 인식실험을 한 결과 1.6초 내외의 평균 인식시간을 보이며, 데이터 스키마는 생물자원 활용 분야의 요구사항을 만족하는 것으로 평가되었다. 따라서 제안한 방법으로 생물자원의 정보처리 과정에서 정확성과 데이터 입력의 신속성이 제공될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.405-418
• /
• 2007

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have been though to be multipotent cells that can replicate that have the potential to differentiate into lineages of mesenchymal tissue including the bone, cartilage, fat, tendon, muscle, and marrow stroma. Especially, scaffolds to support cell-based tissue engineering are critical determinants of clinical efforts to regenerate and repair the body. Selection of a matrix carrier imvolves consideration of the matrix's role as a scaffold for physical support and host tissue integration as well as its ability to support of synergize the osteoinductive program of the implanted mesenchymal stem cell. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of autobone and Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$ to adherent mesenchymal stem cells as scaffolds on sinus augmentation with fibrin glue mixture in a rabbit model. 16 New Zealand White rabbits were divided randomly into 4 groups based on their time of sacrifice(1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks). First, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from iliac crest marrow of rabbits and expanded in vitro. Cell culture was performed in accordance with the technique described by Tsutsumi et al. In the present study, the animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, and the bone formation ability of each sides was evaluated clinically, radiologically, histologically and histomorphologically. According to the histological observations, autobone scaffolds group showed integrated graft bone with host bone from sinus wall. At 2 and 4 weeks, it showed active newly formed bone and neovascularization. At 8 weeks, lamellae bone was observed in sinus graft material area. Radiologically, autobone with stem cell showed more radiopaque than Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$ scaffolds group. there were significant differences in bone volume between 4 and 8 weeks(p<0.05).

• 전기화학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.208-213
• /
• 2011

합성된 $BF_3LiMA$ 리튬염을 단량체로 사용하는 고체 고분자전해질을 제조하고 $BF_3LiMA$의 농도가 이온전도도에 미치는 영향 및 전기화학적 안정성을 교류임피던스 측정법과 선형전위주사법을 통하여 평가하였다. 그 결과 $BF_3LiMA$가 12.9 wt%인 고체 고분자전해질에서 $7.71{\times}10^{-6}S\;cm^{-1}$의 가장 높은 $25^{\circ}C$ 이온전도도가 관찰되었으며 이 값을 전후로 이온전도도는 다소 감소하는 경향이 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 저농도의 $BF_3LiMA$에서 발생할 수 있는 리튬염의 부족과 고농도의 $BF_3LiMA$에서는 발생할 수 있는 고분자기질의 유동성 감소가 원인으로 해석된다. 또한 $BF_3LiMA$ 기반의 고체 고분자전해질은 음이온이 고정되어 있는 자기-도핑형 계열로서 $60^{\circ}C$에서 6.0 V까지 우수한 전기화학적 안정성을 보여주었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제27권9호
• /
• pp.1439-1444
• /
• 2006

A $Cu^{2+}$ ion-selective membrane microelectrode has been fabricated from poly vinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane containing a new symmetrical hexadentate Schiff,s base 2-{1-(E)-2-((Z)-2-{(E)-2-[(Z)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]hydrazono}-1-methylpropylidene)hydrazono]ethyl}phenol (HDNOS) as a neutral carrier, Potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB) as an anionic excluder and o-nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizing solvent mediator. The microelectrode displays linear potential response in the concentration range of $1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}-1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-11}$ M of $Cu^{2+}$. The microelectrode exhibits a nice Nernstian slope of 25.9 ${\pm}$ 0.3 mV $decade^{-1}$ in the pH range of 3.1-8.1. The sensor has a relatively short response time in whole concentration ranges ($\sim$5 s). The detection limit of proposed sensor is $5.0\;{\times}\;10^{-12}$ M (320 pg/L), and it can be used over a period of eight weeks. The practical utility of the sensor has been demonstrated by using it as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of $Cu^{2+}$ with EDTA. The proposed membrane electrode was used for the direct determining of $Cu^{2+}$ content in black and red pepper, and in waste water samples.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제27권10호
• /
• pp.1581-1586
• /
• 2006

A La (III) ion-selective membrane sensor has been fabricated from poly vinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane, containing 3-hydroxy-N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)-2-naphthohydrazide (HPMN) as a neutral carrier, potassium tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB) as an anionic excluder and ortho-nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizing solvent mediator. The effects of membrane composition and pH as well as the influence of the anionic additive on the response properties were investigated. The sensor with 30% PVC, 62% solvent mediator, 6% ionophore and 2% anionic additive, shows the best potentiometric response characteristics. It displays a Nernstian behavior (19.2 mV per decade) across the range of $1.0{\times}10^{-2}-1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M. The detection limit of the electrode is $7.0{\times}10^{-8}$ M ($\sim$10 ng/mL) and the response time is 15 s from $1.0{\times}10^{-2}$ up to $1.0{\times}10^{-4} $M and 30 s in the range of $1.0 {\times}10^{-5}-1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M. The sensor can be used in the pH values of 3.0-9.0 for about seven weeks. The membrane sensor was used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of lanthanum ions with EDTA. It was successfully applied to the lanthanum determination in some mouth wash preparations.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.326-330
• /
• 2010

$CoSb_3$ Skutterudites materials have high potential for thermoelectric application at mid-temperature range because of their superior thermoelectric properties via control of charge carrier density and substitution of foreign atoms. Improvement of thermoelectric properties is expected for the ternary solid solution developed by substitution of foreign atoms having different valances into the $CoSb_3$ matrix. In this study, ternary solid solutions with a stoichiometry of $Co_{1-x}Ni_xSb_3$ x = 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, $CoSb_{3-y}Te_y$, y = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 were prepared by the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) system. Before the SPS synthesis, the ingots were synthesized by vacuum induction melting and followed by annealing. For phase analysis X-ray powder diffraction patterns were checked. All the samples were confirmed as single phase; however, with samples that were more doped than the solubility limit some secondary phases were detected. All the samples doped with Ni and Te atoms showed a negative Seebeck coefficient and their electrical conductivities increased with the doping amount up to the solubility limit. For the samples prepared by SPS the maximum value for dimensionless figure of merit reached 0.26, 0.42 for $Co_{0.9}Ni_{0.1}Sb_3$, $CoSb_{2.8}Te_{0.2}$ at 690 K, respectively. These results show that the SPS method is effective in this system and Ni/Te dopants are also effective for increasing thermoelectric properties of this system.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.635-641
• /
• 2010

이중 선택적 채널 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 시스템에서 시변 채널 특성은 주파수 영역에서 부반송파 사이의 간섭 현상으로 나타난다. 시간 영역 윈도우의 사용은 주파수 영역 채널 행렬의 대역폭을 한정시키는 효과가 있으며, OFDM 시스템을 간략화된 선형 입출력 모델로 근사화시킬 수 있다. OFDM 시스템의 채널 등화에 선형 MMSE(Minimum Mean Square Error) 예측에 기반한 순차적인 간섭 제거 기법을 사용하는 경우, 심볼의 검출 순서가 전체적인 시스템 성능에 큰 영향을 미친다. 본 논문에서는 시간 영역 윈도우의 사용으로 인한 잔류 ICI의 감소와 이에 따른 성능 개선 효과를 확인하고, SINR(Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio)과 CSEP(Conditional Symbol Error Probability) 값을 기준으로 하는 심볼 검출 순서가 순차적 간섭 제거 방식의 성능에 미치는 영향을 조사한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.803-813
• /
• 2015

The growth of Irpex lacteus F17 and manganese peroxidase (MnP) production in a selfdesigned tray bioreactor, operating in solid-state conditions at a laboratory scale, were studied. The bioreactor was divided into three layers by three perforated trays. Agroindustrial residues were used both as the carrier of bound mycelia and as a nutrient medium for the growth of I. lacteus F17. The maximum biomass production in the bioreactor was detected at 60 h of fermentation, which was consistent with the CO₂ releasing rate by the fungus. During the stationary phase of fungal growth, the maximum MnP activity was observed, reaching 950 U/l at 84 h. Scanning electron microscopy images clearly showed the growth situation of mycelia on the support matrix. Furthermore, the MnP produced by I. lacteus F17 in the bioreactor was isolated and purified, and the internal peptide sequences were also identified with mass spectrometry. The optimal activity of the enzyme was detected at pH 7 and 25℃, with a long half-life time of 9 days. In addition, the MnP exhibited significant stability within a broad pH range of 4-7 and at temperature up to 55℃. Besides this, the MnP showed the ability to decolorize the polymeric model dye Poly R-478 in vitro.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2014

Dislocations are basic crystal defects and represent one-dimensional native nanostructures embedded in a perfect crystalline matrix. Their structure is predefined by crystal symmetry. Two-dimensional, self-organized arrays of such nanostructures are realized reproducibly using specific preparation conditions (semiconductor wafer direct bonding). This technique allows separating dislocations up to a few hundred nanometers which enables electrical measurements of only a few, or, in the ideal case, of an individual dislocation. Electrical properties of dislocations in silicon were measured using MOSFETs as test structures. It is shown that an increase of the drain current results for nMOSFETs which is caused by a high concentration of electrons on dislocations in p-type material. The number of electrons on a dislocation is estimated from device simulations. This leads to the conclusion that metallic-like conduction exists along dislocations in this material caused by a one-dimensional carrier confinement. On the other hand, measurements of pMOSFETs prepared in n-type silicon proved the dominant transport of holes along dislocations. The experimentally measured increase of the drain current, however, is here not only caused by an higher hole concentration on these defects but also by an increasing hole mobility along dislocations. All the data proved for the first time the ambipolar behavior of dislocations in silicon. Dislocations in p-type Si form efficient one-dimensional channels for electrons, while dislocations in n-type material cause one-dimensional channels for holes.