• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.511-536
• /
• 2017

수학교실에서 효과적인 논의기반 수업을 구현하기 위하여 교사는 여러 가지 교수학적 행동을 취할 수 있지만, 그 기반은 학생들의 수학 학습에 대한 이해이다. 교사는 수업 중 유발될 수 있는 학생들의 다양한 문제 해결 접근 방법에 대비하여 수학 과제에 대한 학생들의 반응 및 교수학적 대처를 사전에 예상해보는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 교사들의 수학적 담화 조정 능력 신장의 일환으로 Spangler & Hallman(2014)의 과제 대화록 작성하기 활동을 보완하여 중등수학 예비교사들의 교과교육 수업에 적용하였고, 이 과정에서 관찰할 수 있는 예비교사들의 예상하기 특징을 학생 반응과 교수학적 대처 두 가지 측면에서 조사하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 예비교사들은 수학 과제에 대한 학생들의 반응과 그에 대한 교수학적 대처를 예상할 때에, 그 과제와 유사한 혹은 동일한 수학과제를 가르쳐 본 과거 경험에 의존하는 경향을 보였다. 둘째, 연구에 참여한 대부분의 예비교사들은 한 가지 이상의 옳은 문제해결 방법을 예상하는 것에 어려움을 느꼈고, 문제를 옳게 해결한 학생들에 대하여 그들의 문제해결법을 묻는 것 외의 수학적 사고를 탐색하거나 확산할 수 있는 발문을 하는 것에 어려워했다. 셋째, 예비교사들은 학습자의 이해 수준에 맞추어 수업을 이끌어 나가는 것의 중요성을 인식하고 있으면서도, 학생들의 다양한 반응에 대한 교수학적 대처를 예상할 때 문제해결의 결정적 힌트를 제공하거나 절차적 지식에 치중한 발문을 하여 결과적으로 처음에 제시한 수학 과제의 인지적 노력 수준을 저하시켰다. 결론에서는 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로, 과제대화록 활동이 중등수학 예비교사들의 예상하기 능력 신장에 미칠 수 있는 긍정적인 영향과 예비교사 교육에 주는 시사점에 대하여 논의하였다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.42-60
• /
• 1992

An adaptive fuzzy system can efficiently classify subimages into four categories according to image activity level for image data compression. The system estimates fuzzy rules by clustering input-output data generated from a given adaptive transform image coding process. The system encodes different images without modification and reduces side information when encoding multiple images. In the second part, a fuzzy system estimates optimal bit maps for the four subimage classes in noisy channels assuming a Gauss-Markov image model. The fuzzy systems respectively estimate the sampled subimage classification and the bit-allocation processes without a mathematical model of how outputs depend on inputs and without rules articulated by experts.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
• /
• 제6회(2017년)
• /
• pp.625-627
• /
• 2017

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in America [1]. This kind of situation leads researcher to find out how to analyze the disease without using a living human heart. Computer simulation is the solution. Based on the existed clinical data and mathematical formulas from the journals, we can simulate a human heart activity using a computer. Moreover, we can also use the existed biological data in our simulation program, such as CellML (Cell Markup Language) [2].

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2001

Interaction through communication plays critical role in the mathematics learning in the sociocultural perspectives. The communication make the students construct shared knowledge, and also plays a role of mediation in making meaning. So, we have to consider sociocultural eprspectives in design of the mathematics leaning using computer. While Computer Assisted Instruction was the one-directional teaching program which proceed from computer to students, mathematics leaning using computer in the sociocultural perspectives have to consider two-directional instruction that proceed from computer to students as well as from students to computer. This interactional activity is the critical thing in the mathematics learning using computer.

• 경영과학
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2000

Activity-Based Costing(ABC) is an accounting cost system which allocates the overhead cost to each cost object more accurately. ABC system achieves improved accuracy in estimating the cost of cost object by using multiple cost drivers to trace the cost of activities to the cost objects associated with the resources consumed by those activities. The selection and the aggregation of these cost driver candidates can pose difficult problems. This paper deals with these problems in mathematical programming approach. The first model is formulated as an integer programming model in cost driver selection and the second model is formulated as multi-objective goal programming model in reduction of cost drivers already selected.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.225-241
• /
• 2001

This study examines the effect that mathematics teaching efficacy has on teacher's mathematics education practices. Data was obtained from 220 kindergarten teachers who responded to the questionnaire, the mathematics teaching efficacy belief instrument (developed by Enochs). Among these 220 teachers, upper and lower 5 % of the teachers on mathematics teaching efficacy belief were chosen to identify the influence of mathematics teaching efficacy on mathematics activity style, teaching strategy, and teacher-child interaction. The results indicated that teacher's interest in math, previous participation in mathematics teaching method course mainly influenced mathematics teaching self-efficacy. Teachers with high mathematics teaching efficacy belief preferred providing mathematical learning activity than providing other learning areas. They employed effective mathematics teaching strategy such as high and medium cognitive distancing strategy and established positive teacher-child relationship. Implications for teacher education and professional development activities were discussed.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.431.2-431.2
• /
• 2014

The dielectric breakdown voltage (DBV) is a measure of an insulating fluids ability to withstand a high electric field stress without breaking down. Conventionally, the presence of water or particulate matter in a dielectric fluid comprises the liquid's breakdown strength. However, the addition of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the base oil can increase the dielectric breakdown voltage of the fluid reversely, if the condition of the added particles in the fluid is in balance with that of keeping down the initiation and propagation of electrical streamers. In this study, we developed a mathematical model by a set of coupled, nonlinear equations using the COMSOL multiphysics finite element simulation suite and calculated the dielectrophoretic activity of magnetic nanoparticles suspended in the presence of electric field, which is the behavior responsible for enhancing the dielectric characteristics of transformer oil, in order to examine how the activity differ in a transformer oil-based magnetic fluid.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술대회
• /
• pp.456-463
• /
• 2002

Nowadays. risk management in the enterprise is considered as the important activity. Risk management ran be defined as the activity which is the analysis of risk factors related to damages, the estimation of the magnitude of risk, and the determination of investment to protect damage in a company. Initially, risk management was originated in financial areas. But the concept of risk has been expanded in the enterprise. Most companies have extended their activities in various areas. In this tendency, most activities must be considered in supply chain So, risk management must be ronsidered as the concept in the viewpoint of supply chain. The framework of risk management in supply chain and the related mathematical model are represented in this paper. Risk management in supply chain ran provide a positive opportunity not only to protect various damages, but also to improve the relationship between partners.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.85-102
• /
• 2000

The concept of variables is central to mathematics teaching and learning in junior and senior high school. Understanding the concept provides the basis for the transition from arithmetic to algebra and necessary for the meaningful use of all advanced mathematics. Despite the importance of the concept, however, much has been written in the last decade concerning students' difficulties with the concept. This Thesis is based on research to investigate the hypothesis that LOGO programming will contribute to 6th grader' learning of variables. The aim of the research were to; .investigate practice on pupils' understanding of variables before the activity with a computer; .identify functions of LOGO programming in pupils' using and understanding of variable symbols, variable domain and the relationship between two variable dependent expressions during the activity using a computer; .investigate the influence of pupils' mathematical belief on understanding and using variables. The research consisted predominantly of a case study of 6 pupils' discourse and activities concerning variable during their abnormal lessons and interviews with researcher. The data collected for this study included video recordings of the pupils'work with their spoken language.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.27-39
• /
• 2018

Since the global positioning system (GPS) has been included in mobile devices (e.g., for car navigation, in smartphones, and in smart watches), the impact of personal GPS log data on daily life has been unprecedented. For example, such log data have been used to solve public problems, such as mass transit traffic patterns, finding optimum travelers' routes, and determining prospective business zones. However, a real-time analysis technique for GPS log data has been unattainable due to theoretical limitations. We introduced a machine learning model in order to resolve the limitation. In this paper presents a new, three-stage real-time prediction model for a person's daily route activity. In the first stage, a machine learning-based clustering algorithm is adopted for place detection. The training data set was a personal GPS tracking history. In the second stage, prediction of a new person's transient mode is studied. In the third stage, to represent the person's activity on those daily routes, inference rules are applied.