• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.324-337
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• 2021

This study examined the position and the characteristics of Korean writing textbooks in the rationales for writing education. Also, it explored the activities of writing knowledge formation based on the rationales in order to further propose some suggestions for the development of writing textbooks afterward. For this, it chose four Korean writing textbooks and presented the analyzed results through the processes consisting of material gathering, open coding, deep coding, expression and presentation as ones for the text qualitative analysis. First, it researched how the rationales such as formalism, cognitivism, and social constructivism were applied to and manifested in those textbooks. Furthermore, it examined how the language activities in the textbooks were shown from the four dimensions such as the knowledge of language structure, the process knowledge, the context knowledge, and the content knowledge; in particular, it focused on the content knowledge. It found out the results as follows. The rationales in structuring the chapters were not consistent with inner structures and contents. All the four writing knowledges were applied to each textbook; however, the emphasis and the proportion were different in each textbook. Also, it pointed out the textbook which contains diverse activities to be able to help the learners form the content knowledge and this sort of textbook is more effective from the perspective of social constructivism. Based on those results, it discussed several points which can be considered in the development and the selection of Korean writing textbooks later.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.27
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• pp.23-38
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• 2022

The standing plaster figure entitled is an early work from Choi Man Lin's 'Eve' series. It reflects the aesthetics of abstract sculpture in the period following Korea's liberation from Japanese colonial rule. Modern and contemporary sculptures can be made from a wide variety of materials, so the particular selection of materials and expressive techniques are indicative of both the artist's intentions and the zeitgeist of the moment. In this regard, the materials and production techniques used in provide important basic data for the chronological study of Choi's artistic development. In this study, scientific analysis was conducted to reveal the production techniques used in the work. The scope of appropriate conservation treatment was decided through consultation between several people with decision-making authority. First, the internal structure was inspected using X-CT scanning, and a material analysis was conducted to identify the formal characteristics, materials, and production techniques found in the work. As the analyses revealed the work to be in a relatively stable state, only minimal conservation treatment was applied based on the opinions expressed by the institution housing the work, by a former assistant of the artist, and in an interview granted by the artist during his lifetime.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2022

Although low translucency 3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal has excellent mechanical properties, it has limited application as a monolithic prosthesis. To improve these optical limitations, translucent zirconia has improved esthetics due to an increase in the cubic phase; however, it is accompanied by a decrease in mechanical properties simultaneously. Lithium disilicate has improved its mechanical properties through crystal size reduction and various heat treatment methods; therefore, its clinical application range is continuously increasing. Translucent zirconia shows a wide distribution of physical properties depending on the yttria content and lithium disilicate according to the size and density of crystal grains. As a result, the indications for translucent zirconia and lithium disilicate are increasing. Therefore, in this literature review, we intend to examine the rationale behind the material selection criteria in clinical situations and considerations for designing fixed dental prostheses including pontic, in particular, by summarizing recent studies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.486-497
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to subdivide and present the units and the standards of knowledge integration in creating the students' integrated knowledge from content knowledge in college writing classes. For these, it analyzed three typical writing textbooks being used in colleges and examined the ways of presentation on forming integrated knowledge by text qualitative analysis methods. The analysis procedure and the presentation followed Creswell's spiral analysis model It is a method model which repeats the procedure from material collection and analysis to presentation circularly. This examination illustrates three dimensions of the units in forming content knowledge. Also, it suggested those should be all treated for the more systematic education: the units of the whole text, the paragraphs, and the sentences. In the next chapter, the standards and contents of knowledge integration were suggested in each process. For the process of knowledge selection, the suitability and the contradictoriness between the text materials and author's thesis were proposed as the standards and contents. For the process of organization and integration, the corresponsive integration, contradictive integration, background integration, synthetic integration were suggested. Finally the procedure knowledge such as correct expression and spelling, source indication were shown for the process of expression and citation. Furthermore, it showed, in terms of expression, the process of paraphrasing frequently practiced in writing textbooks needs to be exercised in the three dimensions including summarization, connection, and interpretation(or transformation). This result, however, calls for the further study about the subdividing processes to enhance the adequateness to writing textbooks in the level of universities and for a more refined syllabus on the systematic knowledge integration. Accordingly, it suggested the tasks mentioned above for further study.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.181-191
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to suggest a direction for efficient teaching and learning idiomatic expressions in Korean to improve the vocabulary of Korean language learners. In order to make learning more interesting and enhance learning effectiveness for Korean language learners, the drama, , which was popular in Korea, was used as educational material. Since idomatic language is formed and used based on Korean history, culture, and social background, dramas containing Korean culture and sentiments can be said to be suitable materials for the teaching and learning of Korean idiomatic expressions. By analyzing the drama , 277 significant vocabularies were extracted from the drama based on vocabulary actually used. Among these, 124 idiomatic expressions were extracted after excluding overlapping expressions. Idiomatic expressions extracted in this way were classified based on vocabulary used more than 2 times. In addition, in order to select idiomatic expressions suitable for the level of the learners, 46 final expressions for Korean language education were selected considering the difficulty of vocabulary. Lastly, when the materials selected in the drama were used for education, the precautions for teaching and learning, and the direction of education on idiomatic language were classified into elementary, intermediate, and advanced grades and presented.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.443-459
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• 2021

In this study, a TPACK-based STEAM program was developed and applied under the theme of excretory organs in the 'Structure and Function of Our Body' of the elementary science curriculum. The program was produced and conducted through curriculum analysis and learning goal detailing, learning environment analysis, teaching·learning method and technology selection, TPACK elements arrangement and teaching·learning material development, application and effectiveness verification. Teacher's TPACK considered in STEAM program design process is content knowledge (appearance and work of excretory organs), pedagogical knowledge (STEAM, problem-based learning, research learning, discussion learning, cooperative learning, scientific writing) and technology knowledge (3D printer and smart device application technology). The program consisted of a total of 8 hours of project learning activities and was applied to 29 students in the fifth grade as an experimental group. A program of the same theme developed mainly from textbooks was applied to 27 students in the fifth grade of a comparison group. As a result of the application of the program, the experimental group showed significant improvement in creative problem-solving ability and scientific attitude compared to the comparison group, and the class satisfaction with the STEAM program was also high. However, there was no significant difference in academic achievement ability.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.292-297
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• 2022

Direct injection of CRISPR/Cas9 into zygotes enables the production of genetically modified nonhuman primates (NHPs) essential for modeling specific human diseases, such as Usher syndrome, and for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Usher syndrome is a rare genetic disease that causes loss of hearing, retinal degeneration, and problems with balance, and is attributed to a mutation in MYO7A, a gene that encodes an uncommon myosin motor protein expressed in the inner ear and retinal photoreceptors. To produce an Usher syndrome type 1B (USH1B) rhesus macaque model, we disrupted the MYO7A gene in developing zygotes. Identification of appropriately edited MYO7A embryos for knockout embryo transfer requires sequence analysis of material recovered from a trophectoderm (TE) cell biopsy. However, the TE biopsy procedure is labor intensive and could adversely impact embryo development. Recent studies have reported using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from embryo culture media to detect aneuploid embryos in human in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics. The cfDNA is released from the embryo during cell division or cell death, suggesting that cfDNA may be a viable resource for sequence analysis. Moreover, cfDNA collection is not invasive to the embryo and does not require special tools or expertise. We hypothesized that selection of appropriate edited embryos could be performed by analyzing cfDNA for MYO7A editing in embryo culture medium, and that this method would be advantageous for the subsequent generation of genetically modified NHPs. The purpose of this experiment is to determine whether cfDNA can be used to identify the target gene mutation of CRISPR/Cas9 injected embryos. In this study, we were able to obtain and utilize cfDNA to confirm the mutagenesis of MYO7A, but the method will require further optimization to obtain better accuracy before it can replace the TE biopsy approach.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.201-215
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• 2023

In the stone-lined tombs from Cheongyang Rokpyeong-ri site, several stone-lined tombs corresponding to the Three Kingdoms Period, Unified Silla Period and Goryeo Dynasty were excavated. In this study, the stone properties of petrological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics from 15 stone-lined tombs were analyzed, the rock species and occupation rate were reviewed, also the provenance area was interpreted. There are five types of rocks used as members of the tombs, including black sandstone, greywacke, slate, conglomerate and gneiss. As a result of magnetic susceptibilities, the rocks of the tombs and presumed provenance are all shown in the same range, and the similarity between the tombs and the source area is high in geochemical behavior characteristics. The stone properties of the tombs are the same as the presumed provenance rocks and is distributed within a 500m around the bedrock of the tombs in the excavation site, so it seems that self-sufficiency was possible on the site without a special procurement system. These stones are interpreted to have been constructed through some trimming without any special technique, but some stone tombs have been confirmed to used homogeneous black sandstone at the bottom of the tombs, so it is believed that there were artificial selection of stones.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2022

In order for the military to review the introduction of virtual reality technology into various education and training systems and fully utilize it, it is important to reflect the characteristics of the technology and education system and to accurately identify and selectively apply the characteristics of commercialization. In this study, the evaluation criteria were selected through the Analitic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for factors to be considered when commercializing a virtual reality-based education and training system, and the priorities of the projects were determined. Based on previous studies, an initial AHP model was constructed and the relative importance of six factors, including reality, was analyzed as the level 1 evaluation criteria. Next, for Level 2, each evaluation criterion was evaluated to confirm the importance of each of the 11 tasks in the six evaluation criteria, and priorities were selected for each task. As a result of the analysis, level 1 showed that reality and ripple had higher importance than other factors. As a result of evaluating the final relative importance, the priority was shown in the order of ① flight training, ② disaster training, ③ shooting Training, and ④ driving a vehicle. Based on the relative priorities determined in Levels 1 and 2 of the model presented in this study, the importance of each project necessary for final decision-making of the research priorities for the defense virtual reality project was presented. It is expected that this study can be used as a reference material for prioritizing the commercialization of education and training systems in the defense sector.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.51-60
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• 2016

This study was selected drought tolerant plants, by observing the physiological characteristics and biochemical materials from the 9 kinds of the Compositae plants. After selecting plants of the similar size, and then drought stress was induced by the irrigation stopping. Survival rates, chlorophyll values, relative water content(RWC), excised-leaf water loss(ELWL), proline, reducing sugar were measured after 30 days of stopping irrigation. The species that had high rates of survival were Ainsliaea acerifolia Sch. Bip, Aster koraiensis, Aster scaber, Dendranthema zawadskii(S), however other 5 species were dead. The remaining factors have been determined based on plant species showed a higher survival rate. However, chlorophyll content showed high values in A. acerifolia, A.altaicus var. uchiyamae, A. koraiensis, and will have been determined that has no correlation with survival rates, except for A. acerifolia and A. koraiensis. On the other hand, A. scaber, A. acerifolia, A. koraiensis were determined to be relatively high drought tolerant plants in RWC, ELWL, proline, reducing sugar, it showed a similar correlation with survival rate. As a result of 9 kinds of the Compositae plants A. scaber, A. acerifolia, A. koraiensis were considered relatively higher drought tolerant plants.