• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.149-152
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• 2007

Mast cells play important roles in immune-related diseases, in particular, allergic diseases. Although 9-cis retinoic acid (9CRA) has been known as an immune regulator, its function in mast cells is not characterized well. In a previous paper, we demonstrated that 9CRA differentially decreases both CCR2 expression and the MCP-1-induced chemotactic activity of the human mast cell line, HMC-1 cells. In the present study, we examined the effects of 9CRA on the migration and expressions of inflammatory cytokines in HMC-1 cells. It was found that 9CRA significantly inhibited the migration of HMC-1 cells in response to stem cell factor (P<0.01), and it had no effect on the mRNA and protein expression of c-kit, a receptor binding to SCF. We further investigated the alternation of inflammatory cytokine expression and identified that 9CRA blocked the mRNA and protein expressions of Th2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5. Taken together, our results demonstrate that 9CRA blocks SCF-induced cell movement and the protein secretion of IL-4 and IL-5, and this indicates that 9CRA may have anti-inflammatory effects on mast cells.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.35-41
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• 2010

Objectives : Allergy is an immune dysfunction caused by degranulation from mast cells in the early phase of allergic disease including allergic rhinitis (AR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Osterici Radix, roots of Ostericum koreanum Maximowicz in human mast cells and experimental allergic animal models. Methods : The anti-allergic effect of Osterici Radix water extract (NK-W) was investigated in human mast cell line, HMC-1 cells, and compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic response in rats and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AR in mice. Animals were orally administrated with NK-W (10 and 50 mg/kg) or anti-histamine drug, dosodium cromoglycate (50 mg/kg), and then intraperitoneally injected with compound 48/80 (8 mg/kg) or sensitized with 0.1% OVA into nasal. Animals were observed plasma histamine and histological changes of nasal mucosa. Also, mast cell degranulation and histamine production were determined in compound 48/80-stimulated HMC-1 cells. Results : NK-W inhibited compound 48/80-induced degranulation of mast cells and histamine releasing in HMC-1 cells. NK-W decreased mortality and serum histamine releasing in compound 48/80-induced anaphylatic rats in a dose-dependently manner. NK-W also inhibited serum histamine levels in OVA-induced AR mice and improved abnormal histological changes such as expansion of grandular cells and hypertrophy of epithelium in the nasal mucosa. These results indicate that Osterici Radix water extract suppress allergic response through downregulation of mast cell activation. Conclusions : This study suggests that a therapeutic potential of Osterici Radix as a source of anti-allergic agents for use in a number of allergic diseases.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.239-245
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted to clarify the effects of agarwood on histamine release from mast cells in rats and on the scratching behaviors in mice. Methods: Histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80 or concanavalin A (Con A) and compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice were examined to investigate the effects of agarwood. The hyaluronidase activity and the 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in mast cells were examined to investigate the mechanisms for the inhibition of histamine release. The correlation between the inhibitory effects of agarwood on histamine release and the content of its typical ingredients, a 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone derivatives, was analyzed using thin-layer chromatography. Results: Agarwood showed an inhibitory effect on mast-cell histamine release induced by compound 48/80 or Con A without any effect on hyaluronidase activity; this effect involves an increase in the cAMP levels in mast cells. Oral administration of agarwood showed an inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice. The inhibitory effects of agarwood on histamine release were quite different, depending on the area where the agarwood was produced, its quality, and its market price. No correlation was found between the inhibitory effects of agarwood on histamine release and the typical ingredients of agarwood, which are 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone derivatives. Conclusion: These results show that agarwood inhibits histamine release from mast cells partially through an increase in the cAMP levels in cells. We suggest that some active ingredients of agarwood must be effective on oral intake and that agarwood can be used to treat patients with a number of conditions, including urticaria, atopic dermatitis, and bronchial asthma, in which an increase in histamine release occurs. Differences in the pharmacological effects of this crude drug among markets may provide important information for the quality control of this herbal medicine.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.12.1-12.11
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• 2022

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to establish the interrelationship between collagen and mast cells in periapical granulomas and periapical cysts. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on the paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 68 specimens (34 periapical granulomas and 34 periapical cysts). The specimens were stained with picrosirius to observe collagen fiber birefringence and anti-tryptase antibody to evaluate the mast cell count immunohistochemically. The mean number and birefringence of collagen fibers, as well as the mean number of mast cells (total, granulated, and degranulated), and the mean inflammatory cell density were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test, Mann Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation test (p < 0.05). Results: The mean number of thick collagen fibers was higher in periapical cysts, while that of thin fibers was higher in granulomas (p = 0.00). Cysts emitted orange-yellow to red birefringence, whereas periapical granulomas had predominantly green fibers (p = 0.00). The mean inflammatory cell density was comparable in all groups (p = 0.129). The number of total, degranulated, and granulated mast cells exhibited significant results (p = 0.00) in both groups. Thick cyst fibers showed significant inverse correlations with inflammation and degranulated mast cells (p = 0.041, 0.04 respectively). Conclusions: Mast cells and inflammatory cells influenced the nature of collagen fiber formation and its birefringence. This finding may assist in the prediction of the nature, pathogenesis, and biological behavior of periapical lesions.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.652-657
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• 1997

We studied the effects of sulfasalazine(SSZ) on anaphylaxis. SSZ was found to exhibit a inhibitory activity on the compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis. SSZ also inhibited local a naphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl(DNP) IgE. Moreover, SSZ dose-dependently inhibited histamine ralease in rat peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80 or anti DNP IgE. We investigated the effects of SSZ on cAMP of rat peritoneal mast cell. The level of cAMP in rat peritoneal mast cells, when SSZ was added, transiently and significantly increased approximately 16-fold compared with that of basal cells. These results suggest that the antianaphylactic action of SSZ may be associated with an increase in the intracellular cAMP content of the mast cells as the result of an inhibition of the cAMP phosphodiesterase.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.616-621
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• 1995

The effect of WK101 on compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis was studied in rat. WK101 was found to exhibit a inhibitory activity on the compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis. WK101 also inhibited the serum histamine release induced in anaphylaxis by compound 48/80. The effect of WK101 on the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells was studied. WK101 ($10^{3}-1mg/ml$) inhibited the histamine release induced by compound 48/80($5{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$) in rat peritoneal mast cells. To clarify the mechanism of these inhibitons, we investigated the effects of WK101 on cAMP and intracellular calcium content of rat peritoneal mast cell. The content of cAMP in mast cells, when WK101 was added, was increased transiently, and was significantly increased more 53 fold at 10 sec than that of basal cells. Moreover, WK101 inhibited intracellular calcium release induced by compoound 48/80. This results suggest that WK101 may be useful for the prevention and treatment of allergy-related disease.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1348-1354
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• 2008

mi transcription factor (MITF) is important in regulating the differentiation of mast cells. In particular, MITF regulates the transcription of the mouse mast cell-specific serine protease (mMCP)-6 gene, which is generally expressed by the connective tissue-type of mast cells. In this study, we investigated alternative isoforms of MITF that regulate transcription of the mMCP-6 gene in bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells in mice. The expression of MITF isoforms was examined by RT-PCR. We observed that MITF-A, -E, -H and -Mc were expressed by mucosal-type mast cells cultured in the presence of IL-3, whereas the connective tissue-type mast cells cultured in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF) expressed MITF-A. Overexpression of MITF isoforms increased luciferase activity through the mMCP-6 promoter in NIH-3T3 cells and elevated the level of mMCP-6 expression in the MC/9 mast cell line. Moreover, mMCP-6 expression in mast cells was significantly inhibited by the depletion of MITF. The transcriptional activity and DNA binding of MITF-A was comparable to that of MITF isoforms, including MITF-E, -H, and -Mc. Our results therefore suggest that MITF-A may be an important isoform of MITF in regulating the transcription of mMCP-6 in mouse connective tissue mast cells.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 1972

The frequency distribution and morphological characteristics of tissue mast cells in the various tissues of normal domestic animals (bovine, swine, dog and chicken) and systematically infected (Hog cholera, Canine distemper and Newcastle disease) animals were studied. The results were as follows: 1 In cattle, density of mast cells was higher in foetus (bovine) and young animals than in adults Differences in frequency distribution among individual animals were also observed. 2. In chicken, the highest number of mast cells was found in age group of 15 to 40 days, the moderate number in age group of one to 10 days, and the lowest number in age group of 40 days or older. 3. The morphologically, mast cells were usually round, ovoid, spindle, oval and irregular, and particularly in ovary of bovine, it was usually round and ovoid forms. 4. The largest numbers of mast cells were shown in ovary of bovine, intestine of swine and dog, and proventriculum of chicken. 5. In the systemic infections, the number of mart cells usually tends to increase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.255-255
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• 1996

Flavonoids are the large class of plant-derived polyphenolic compounds with a broad spectrum of biological actions including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-asthmatic activities. It has been reported that quercetin and some other flavonoids inhibit the histamine release from mast cells. Disodium cromoglycate, a kind of biflavonoid, have been used as a anti-asthmatic agent. Therefore, the following study was undertaken to characterize tile structure-activity relationships of flavonoids in the inhibition of histamine release, from IgE-sensitized mast cells. Flavonoid acetate were synthesized by addition of acetic anhydride to the flavonoids dissolved in pyridine. According In the Mota method, IgE-rich serum was made in rats sensitized with Pertussis vaccine and ovalbumin. Rat abdominal mast cells were harvested and purified over tile discontineous Percoll gradients, Mast cells were preincubated in RPMI with IgE-rich serum and further incubated with flavonoids. Histamine contents released from mast cells were determined fluorospectrophotometrically after stimulation with ovalbumin. (omitted)

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1969

The author has studied the quantitative distribution of mast cells in the skin and proventriculus of the developing chicks and changes of their cytoplasmic granules after administration of a single dose of hyaluronidase 400$\mu$/kg into the yolk sac of 10 day-old chick embryos and obtained the following conclusions. 1. The administration of hyaluronidase considerably retarded the appearance of mast cells in the skin and proventriculus of the developing chicks. 2. In 6 to 7 days after treatment of hyaluronidase the number of mast cells showed only one half of those in the control and then began to show gradual resumption and returned to an almost normal status in 7 day chicks. 3. By treatment of hyaluronidase any degranulation of the mast cells could scarcely be observed but marked decrease of their stainability by resolution of the metachromatic granules. According to this experiment it is fairly clear that hyaluronic acid may play a role in the formation of cytoplasmic granules of mast cells.