• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2008

현재까지 연구로는 흰목이 균사체에서 EPS 생산과 균사생장에 대한 적정 정치배양 조건이 연구되었다. 본 연구로부터 탄소원과 질소원의 처음 농도, 균사 형태와 발효조의 타입의 선택은 흰목이 균사체 EPS 생산에 가장 영향을 미친다는 것을 알게 되었다. 이들 결과는 공기주입식 반응기에서 EPS 생산성은 진탕탱크 반응기 보다 더 높았다는 점을 증명하였다. 또한 흰목이 균사의 정치배양의 생리적 생장에 대한 지식은 아직도 제한적이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2005

Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, an edible green alga is farmed in Korea by natural blooming zygotes attachment. Experiments were conducted to reveal the conditions for artificial seed production of C. fragile by sexual and asexual reproduction. Growth was compared between zygotes attachment (sexual reproduction) and isolated utricles with medullary filaments (asexual reproduction). Zygotes and isolated utricles with medullary filaments were cultured under different light conditions (10, 20, 40, 60 and $100\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$) and temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$) under 16:8LD. Maximum growth of zygote was $261.3{\pm}21.0\;{\mu}m$ under $15^{\circ}C$ and $20\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ after 13 days culture. Maximum regeneration of isolated medullary filament was $8.1{\pm}1.7\;mm$ per one isolated utricle under $20^{\circ}C$ and $100\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ after 15 days culture. After intermediate culture during two months in the field, morphogenesis occurred in both sexual and asexual reproduction, and growth of young thalli was not significantly different (p>0.05) between the both reproduction methods. Even though seed production of C. fragile is possible in both sexual and asexual reproduction, the mass artificial seed production of asexual reproduction is much more effective than that of sexual reproduction that is too much affected by maturity.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2009

소나무잔나비버섯(Fomitopsis pinicola) 균사로부터 laccase를 생산하기 위한 최적 배양조건을 조사하였다. 합성 배지 중 MCM이 가장 높은 laccase활성을 나타내었으며, MCM의 조성을 2% dextrose, 0.4% peptone, 0.05% $NaH_2PO_4{\cdot}H_2O$, 0.05% $CaCl_2$로 각각 대체하였을 때 효소활성이 가장 우수하였다. 따라서 F. pinicola로부터 laccase를 생산하기 위한 최적 배지조건은 2% dextrose, 0.4% peptone, 0.05% $NaH_2PO_4{\cdot}H_2O$, 0.05% $CaCl_2$이다. 이상의 배지를 사용하여 $25^{\circ}C$에서 8일 동안 배양하였을 때 효소의 활성이 최대에 도달함을 확인하였다. ABTS를 기질로 사용한 activity staining을 통해 소나무잔나비버섯 균사체의 laccase 활성의 분자량이 43-55 kDa임을 확인하였으며, 배양액 중의 최적 pH와 온도는 각각 pH 3.0과 $80^{\circ}C$이었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2014

Field and nutrient cultures of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) were used to establish foliar symptoms related to boron (B) concentration in leaves and soils, and to evaluate radish as a time-saving model system for B nutrition. Application of excess B, 8 kg/ha versus the recommended 1.5 kg/ha, to field plantings of 2-, 3-, and 4-yr-old American ginseng plants just prior to crop emergence caused, within 4 wk after crop emergence, leaf symptoms of chlorosis followed by necrosis starting at the tips and progressing along the margins. The B concentration in leaves of 2-4-yr-old plants receiving 1.5 kg/ha Bwas $30{\mu}g/g$ dry mass compared to $460{\mu}g/g$ dry mass where 8 kg/ha B was applied. Similarly, B concentration in soils receiving the lower B concentration was 1.8 mg/g dry mass and $2.2-2.8{\mu}g/g$ dry mass where the higher B concentration was applied. Application of 8 kg/ha B reduced the dry yield of 3rd-yr roots by 20% from 2745 kg/ha to 2196 kg/ha and 4th-yr roots by 26% from 4130 kg/ha to 3071 kg/ha. Ginseng seedlings and radish were grown under greenhouse conditions in nutrient culture with four B concentrations ranging from 0 mg/L to 10 mg/L. At 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L ginseng and radish developed typical leaf B toxicity symptoms similar to those described above for field-grown plants. Increasing B in the nutrient solution from 0.5 mg/L to 10 mg/L decreased, in a linear fashion, the root and leaf dry mass of ginseng, but not radish. Given the many similarities of ginseng and radish to B utilization, radish might be used as a timesaving model system for the study of B, and other micronutrients, in the slow-growing perennial ginseng.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2007

홍국 색소의 액체배양에 의한 대량생산조건을 개발하기 위하여 Monascus sp. KM 1001 변이주를 대상으로 균체생산 및 색소생성에 미치는 최적배양조건을 비교 검토하였다. 실험균주의 색소생성을 위한 액체배지의 최적화학적 조성은 4% rice powder, 0.15% Bacto-peptone, 0.1% glycine, 0.01% $FeSO_{4}{\cdot}7H_{2}O,\;0.1%\;MgSO_{4}{\cdot}7H_{2}O,\;0.25%\;KH_{2}PO_{4},\;pH4.5$였다. 실험균주의 $2.0{\times}10^{6}\;spores/ml$의 포자현탁액을 액체배지 50 ml에 접종하여 배양온도 $30^{\circ}C$에서 150 rpm으로 5일간 배양하였을 때, 10.00 g/L의 균체생산과 세포외 황색색소 오렌지색소와 적색색소는 각각 3.25 unit, 1.59 unit, 0.88 unit를 생성하였으며, 세포내 황색색소 오렌지색소와 적색색소는 84.96 unit, 78.84 unit, 91.80 unit의 색소를 생산할 수 있었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2008

With the aim of increasing the $CoQ_{10}$ production in mass culture, the effect of aeration-agitation on the $CoQ_{10}$ production using Rhodobactor sphaeroides was investigated in a l-L bioreactor. The maximum $CoQ_{10}$ production was 1.69 mg/g of dry cell weight under conditions of 50 Lux, $30^{\circ}C$, 300 rpm, and 5-vvm aeration. The $CoQ_{10}$ production was improved to produce 2.91 mg/g of dry cell weight under reduced conditions of agitation speed (200 rpm) and aeration rate (0.2 vvm). When R. sphaeroides was cultivated under more reduced DO levels during the exponential phase of the cell, the $CoQ_{10}$ production yield of 3.88-mg/g dry cell weight was the maximum obtained. Therefore, poorer conditions of aeration-agitation resulted in higher production of $CoQ_{10}$, and thus DO content was a crucial factor in the production of $CoQ_{10}$. Accordingly, it was necessary to control the DO concentration in order to enhance the $CoQ_{10}$ biosynthesis within a large-scale production.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2015

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) produced from marine organisms is widely used in nutraceuticals. Monodus subterraneus and Nannochloropsis oceanica, which are representative freshwater and marine Eustigmatophyceae, respectively, are known to have a high content of protein and lipid, particularly, EPA. In this study, to compare the growth and nutritional composition of M. subterraneus and N. oceanica, they were cultured in autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions with JM and f/2 medium, respectively, at $25^{\circ}C$. In addition, $80{\mu}mol\;photons\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ with 24-hour and 12-hour light was provided, with the addition of 2% glucose to the medium for the mixotrophic culture. With regard to growth, M. subterraneus showed 10 times higher biomass in a mixotrophic culture than in an autotrophic one. However, no significant difference was observed for N. oceanica between the two culture methods. With respect to nutritional composition, M. subterraneus cultured autotrophically had a higher protein and lipid content, particularly EPA, than that cultured mixotrophically, but no significant difference was found in the two cultures of N. oceanica. Furthermore, M. subterraneus cultured autotrophically with continuous light showed higher nutritional composition, particularly EPA, than N. oceanica. In conclusion, the mass culture of freshwater M. subterraneus is much easier and more economical than marine N. oceanica. In addition, production of EPA will be economically improved if mixotrophic culturing of M. subterraneus is first conducted to maximize the biomass, and then secondary autotrophic culturing is performed.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2001

인삼 callus의 기내배양에 의해서 항암물질을 대량생산하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 인삼 우수계통으로부터 기내에서 callus를 유기하여 polyacetylene 고함유 세포주를 선발하고, 인삼 callus의 polyacetylene 생산에 미치는 식물호르몬 및 배지의 영향을 조사하였다. 식물호르몬 CPA가 첨가된 MS배지에서 유도된 인삼 우수계통 callus에서는 polyacetylene 중에서 panaxynol은 TLC와 GC에 의해서 전혀 검출할 수 없었으나, callus에 따라서는 panaxydol이 형성됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 강력한 항암효과를 가지고 있는 panaxydol은 우수계통 callus 18종 중에서 5종이 형성하였으며, 30201계통 callus에서 가장 많이 검출되었다. 또한 인삼 10301계통 callus는 CPA가 단독으로 첨가된 배지에서 panaxydol을 생성하지 못하였으나, CPA 2 mg/L와 BA 0.05 mg/L 첨가구에서는 callus의 생장도 양호하였으며, panaxydol도 생성하였다. 인삼 callus의 생장과 panaxydol의 합성에는 MS배지보다 SH 배지가 더 양호하였으며, NAA와 sucrose는 전혀 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.158-161
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• 2005

결구상추 밑둥썩음병원균인 Rhizoctonia. solani에 대한 길항세균으로 보고된 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BW-l3 균주의 배양적 특성과 항균물질의 생산능을 조사하고 대량배지를 선발하였다. BW-13 균주의 초기 pH와 배양적온을 조사한 결과, pH는 $6.0\~8.0$에서 , 온도는 $35^{\circ}C$에서 세균의 생육이 가장 높았다. 대량배양을 위한 효율적인 탄소원을 선발하기 위하여 glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, manose 등의 저분자 탄소원과 개량제, 미강, 옥수수전분, 고구마전분 등의 고분자 탄소원을 사용하여 BW-13균주의 생장과 항균활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 기초배지에 $3\%$개량제를 첨가했을 때 BW-13 균주의 세균 증식과 항균활성에 가장 효과적이었다. 따라서 기초배지($1.25\%\;K_{2}HPO_4,\;0.38\%\;KH_{2}PO_4,\;0.01\%\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_{2}O,\;0.5\%\;Yeast extract$)에 개량제 $3\%$ 첨가한 배지(dough conditioner media)를 BW-13 균주의 대량배양용 배지로 선발하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2011

L. lactis sk071115 has been shown to grow more actively and generate lower levels of lactate in glucose-defined medium with nitrate than in medium with Mn(IV). By adding Mn(IV) to a L. lactis culture, lactate production was relatively reduced in combination with Mn(II) production, but cell mass production levels did not increase. Both cell-free extract and intact L. lactis cells reacted electrochemically with Mn(IV) but did not react with Mn(II) upon cyclic voltammetry using neutral red (NR) as an electron mediator. A modified graphite felt cathode with NR (NR-cathode) was employed to induce electrochemical reducing equivalence for bacterial metabolism. Cell-free L. lactis extract catalyzed the reduction of Mn(IV) to Mn(II) under both control and electrochemical reduction conditions; however, the levels of Mn(II) generated under electrochemical reduction conditions were approximately 4 times those generated under control conditions. The levels of Mn(II) generated by the catalysis of L. lactis immobilized in the NR-cathode (L-NR-cathode) under electrochemical reduction conditions were more than 4 times that generated under control conditions. Mn(II) production levels were increased by approximately 2.5 and 4.5 times by the addition of citrate to the reactant under control and electrochemical reduction conditions, respectively. The cumulative Mn(II) produced from manganese ore by catalysis of the L-NR-cathode for 30 days reached levels of approximately 3,800 and 16,000 mg/l under control and electrochemical reduction conditions, respectively. In conclusion, the electrochemical reduction reaction generated by the NR-cathode activated the biochemical reduction of Mn(IV) to Mn(II) by L. lactis.