• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.6543-6550
• /
• 2015

This study aimed to analyze the effect of flexi-bar exercise on in body composition and trunk muscle strength of female college students who are either overweight or obesity. The subjects were female college students divided into experimental group(N=15) and control group(N=15). The experimental group performed a flexi-bar exercise for of 30 minute sessions three days per week for five weeks, and the differences in body composition and trunk muscle strength before and after the experiment and between experimental group and control group were analyzed. The study results showed that the experimental group had a statistically significant improvement in the body fat mass and body fat percentage, body muscle mass, both arm muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, basal metabolic rate(p<.05). Changes in trunk muscle strength showed that the experimental group had statistically significant increased in changes in trunk muscle strength(p<.01). The study verified that flexi-bar exercise can be effective for improving the body composition and trunk muscle strength of overweight and obesity female college students.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.342-353
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study evaluated the changes in nutritional status based on quality of life (QoL) item-level analysis to determine whether individual QoL responses might facilitate personal clinical impact. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated QoL data obtained by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Stomach (QLQ-STO22) as well as metabolic-nutritional data obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis and blood tests. Patients were assessed preoperatively and at the 5-year follow-up. QoL was analyzed at the level of the constituent items. The patients were categorized into vulnerable and non-vulnerable QoL groups for each scale based on their responses to the QoL items and changes in the metabolic-nutritional indices were compared. Results: Multiple shortcomings in the metabolic-nutritional indices were observed in the vulnerable groups for nausea/vomiting (waist-hip ratio, degree of obesity), dyspnea (hemoglobin, iron), constipation (body fat mass, percent body fat), dysphagia (body fat mass, percent body fat), reflux (body weight, hemoglobin), dry mouth (percent body fat, waist-hip ratio), and taste (body weight, total body water, soft lean mass, body fat mass). The shortcomings in a single index were observed in the vulnerable groups for emotional functioning and pain (EORTC QLQ-C30) and for eating restrictions (EORTC QLQ-STO22). Conclusions: Long-term postoperative QoL deterioration in emotional functioning, nausea/vomiting, pain, dyspnea, constipation, dysphagia, reflux, eating restrictions, dry mouth, and taste were associated with nutritional shortcomings. QoL item-level analysis, instead of scale-level analysis, may help to facilitate personalized treatment for individual QoL respondents.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.51-55
• /
• 2000

Mass loss and changes of mineral nutrients during the decomposition of mushrooms, Russula alboareolata and Lactarius violascens, were investigated for 7d from June 29 to July 5 in 1999 in an oak stand in Kongju, Korea. At 7d after installation of litterbags, the remaining mass of R. alboareolata and L. violaxcens was 9.4% and 25.9%, respectively. The mass loss rate of R. alboareolata was significantly higher than that of L. violascens. Concentration of N, P, K, Ca and Mg of R. alboareolata and L. violascens were 37.7 mg/g, 0.97mg/g, 38.25 mg/g, 0.04 mg/g, and 0.75 mg/g for R. alboareolata and 45.7 mg/g, 1.31mg/g, 24.0 mg/g, 0.06 mg/g, and 0.80 mg/g for L. violascens, respectively. Concentrations of nutrients in R. alboareolata and L. violascens were much higher than those in the surrounding leaf litter. N, P, Ca and Mg concentrations in the decomposing mushroom tissue were higher during the experimental period in both species than initial concentrations. Potassium increased during the first 3 d and then decreased in both species. Potassium contents in the mushroom were much greater than those of Ca and Mg. Except for Ca, there was no immobilization period in all the nutrients during decomposition. At 7 d after installation of litterbags, the remaining N, P, K, Ca and Mg of R. alboareolata and L. violascens were 9.8%, 8.9%, 2.7%, 47.7%, and 14.8% of the initial contents for R. alboareolata and 28.2%,30.5%, 19.6%, 199.9%, and 02.1% for L. violascens, respectively. Nutrients could be relocated spatially during the formation and decomposition of the Basidiomycetes fruiting body.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.22-31
• /
• 2018

In this study, numerical simulations were performed to determine the dynamic characteristics of a pintle nozzle, with changes to the chamber boundary conditions. To apply movement, to the pintle, the nozzle and pintle were created separately by an auto-grid generation program using an overset grid method. The chamber boundary conditions were selected between a constant mass-flow rate condition and a propellant burn-back condition. The pressure and thrust characteristics of the constant mass-flow rate condition were determined by changing the ratio of the mass-flow rate in the inlet. The propellant burn-back condition was considered by formulation of the combustion rate. The burn-back conditions represented nonlinear phenomena, unlike the constant mass flow rate, and a small flow rate resulted in a large change in the chamber pressure.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.933-946
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the changes of body composition and aging-related hormones by rhythmic exercise in elderly women. The subjects in this study were 20 olders living in a rural community, >60 years of age and were performed rhythmic exercise program during 12 weeks. The measurement of the body composition, body mass (t=3.125, p=.006), body mass index (t=3.225, p=0.004), body fat mass (t=3.782, p=0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (t=3.867, p=0.001) were significant difference after exercise program, but had no effect on lean body mass. Also, growth hormone (t=-2.221, p=0.039) and somatomedin-C (t=-9.186, p=0.000) were significantly increased after rhythmic exercise, however, rhythmic exercise had no effect on DHEA-S. These results suggest that rhythmic exercise appeared to effect of control on body composition and some aging-related hormones in elderly women.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.304-319
• /
• 2023

Previous studies have suggested that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, predominantly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have several health benefits. However, their effect on changes in skeletal muscle mass and strength has not been established, owing to differences in study designs. This systematic review aimed to investigate the recent evidence regarding the role of dietary EPA and DHA in muscle mass changes and their association with muscle strength. Databases including PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for randomized controlled trials and single-arm interventions that investigated the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and body composition in adults aged 18 years and older. A total of 18,521 studies were retrieved from the databases and manual searches; 21 studies were quality assessed, and the findings were summarized. Studies were categorized into 3 main categories according to the type of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation: pure compounds such as oil tablets, formulated forms with protein, leucine, and vitamin D, and ingredients added to enteral nutrition support products. Overall, the majority of the study results appeared to indicate that omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for muscle health. However, meta-analysis was not conducted because of the heterogeneity of the study participants, evaluation method of muscle indices, and intervention periods among the studies. High-quality studies are required to validate our conclusions. However, this systematic review of the effects of EPA and DHA on skeletal muscle and body composition provides evidence that can be applied in both clinical and industrial settings.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2012.04a
• /
• pp.19-20
• /
• 2012

Flue gas recirculation(FGR) is applied to sintering process to cope with issues including plant efficiency and environmental effects. However, it inevitably brings changes of incoming and outgoing gas conditions as plant configurations. Objective of this study was to build a process model for a sintering bed using a flowsheet process simulator and obtain information of mass and heat balance for gas flows over various process configurations with FGR.

• Particle and aerosol research
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.151-164
• /
• 2010

Inorganic ions and water are major components of ambient fine particles. Water content in fine particles is mainly determined by ambient meteorological conditions and the concentrations of hygroscopic species such as inorganic ions. Thus, to reduce fine particle mass concentration, it is important to accurately estimate the relationship between water content and the concentration of ions in fine particles. Water content in fine particles in Seoul are estimated by using a gas/particle equilibrium model to understand the characteristics of fine particle mass concentration. In addition, sensitivity of fine particle mass concentration to the changes of particulate ionic species (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) is estimated. It was found that water content in Seoul is mostly determined by the concentrations of the hygroscopic ionic species, especially, sulfate and ammonium, and ambient relative humidity.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.283-290
• /
• 2015

Crack control remains a primary concern for mass concrete structures, where the majority of cracking is caused by temperature changes during the hydration process. One-time pouring is a useful construction method for mass concrete structures. The suitability of this method for constructingon of the Shanghai Tower's mass concrete foundation slab of Shanghai Tower is considered here by a numerical simulation method based on a 6- meter- thick slab. Some of the conclusions, which can be verified by monitoring results conducted during construction, are as follows. The temperature gradient is greater in the vertical direction than in the radial direction, therefore, the vertical temperature gradient should be carefully considered for the purpose of crack control. Moreover, owing to cooling conditions at the surfaces and the cement mortar content of the slab, the temperatures and temperature gradients with respect to time vary according to the position within the slab.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1998.12a
• /
• pp.217-222
• /
• 1998

CSCM upwind flux difference splitting compressible Navier-Stokes method has been used to predict the transonic flows in centrifugal compressor diffuser. The modified cyclic TDMA and the mass flux boundary conditions were used as boundary conditions of the diffuser analysis. With the mass flux boundary condition and the $130{\times}80{\times}40$ grid, the compressible upwind Navier-Stokes method predicted the transonic diffuser flowfield successfully. Plow changes in the impeller exit region due to the strong interaction between impeller exit and vaned diffuser, broad flow separation on the suction surface near hub and shroud was observed from the results of the mass flow rates 6.0 and 6.2kg/s at 27000 rpm. The static pressure increased and the total pressure decreased through the flow passage of the channel diffuser, which were predicted better from the three-dimensional analysis than from the two-dimensional analysis due to the strong effect of the three-dimensional flow. The mass averaged loss coefficients and pressure coefficients were also studied.