• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.203-236
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• 2015

Given the interdependence of a marital couple, this study examined the effects of both cultural challenge and economic hardship on intention to divorce among the multicultural couple using the actor-partner interdependence model(APIM), and explored dyadic patterns of actor and partner effects. 415 couples(n=830) participated in this self-administered questionnaire study. Results of path analyses based on APIMs revealed that for Korean husbands perceived cultural challenge contributed positively to divorce intention of the couple showing both actor and partner effects, whereas for immigrant wives such perception showed only an actor effect. In contrast, perceived economic hardship among the husbands had little effect on divorce intention of both husbands and wives, whereas such perception by wives had both actor and partner effects on divorce intention. Results of dyadic pattern analyses performed by Bootstrap indicated the actor-only pattern and the couple pattern of perceived cultural challenge on divorce intention of husbands and wives respectively. In case of perceived economic hardship comparison of the effect size suggested the partner-only pattern and the actor-only pattern for divorce intention of husbands and wives respectively. These findings implied that in order to promote conjugal harmony and to prevent the multicultural family from being dissolved, Korean husbands need to develop greater cultural competence so as to tolerate cultural differences between the couple, whereas immigrant wives and their families need to develop greater economic competence so as to foster a hope for economic reliance.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.103-123
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• 2017

This article examines the existing literature on the intersection of care and migration in Europe and the potential contributions of the Korean case. The paper reviews the three bodies of research: care, migration and their intersections. When defined as social reproductive labour, the concept of care not only captures individual/family level of experiences but it can also be an effective tool to analyse the diversity of the welfare state and the path of its evolution. Furthermore, in the context of globalisation and international migration, the concept of care can help overcome so-called 'the methodological nationalism' in the welfare state research. Accumulated evidence shows that only by applying a transnational perspective to the relationship between such social realities as class, gender and race, can we properly examine the dynamics of care distribution. Existing care-migration nexus research has found a widely observed trend of the 'migrantisation of care' in European welfare states; however, the actual modality of care-migration intersection varies reflecting historical and institutional contexts. This is why care-migration nexus research must go beyond the well-known welfare regime types. The Korean case can expand the geographical coverage and theoretical applicability of the intersection research by including a new welfare state regime type (productivist or developmental welfare states) and new patterns of migration (co-ethnic migration and marriage migration) which were rarely dealt with in this scholarship.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 1978

The present research set out to further validate the results that Stromborg (1976) obtained in which a correlation (r= .22, p < .001) was found between the femininity of woman nursing students and their image of nursing. In addition the experimenter set out to elucidate any possible differences in the image of nursing according to (a) religion, (b) the motivation for choosing nursing as well as, (c) the particular area in which the students hoped to work after graduating. The research was conducted by presenting questionnaire type scales including a femininity scale and a nursing image scale, to 301 graduating students attending 4 Three-year nursing schools located within Seoul from November 21st, 1978 to November 30th. The results: 1. There was clearly no relation between femininity and the image of nursing as such (r= .01, p > .43). But upon analyzing the results along five subdimensions of the nursing image variable it was discovered that : (a) if femininity is low, the nursing student tend to view the educational preparation for becoming a nurse in a more positive light (r= -.10, p < .05), and (b) if femininity is high, the students tend to perceive their social role with a positive frame of mind (r= .15, p < .005). 2. There was a significant difference found in the image of nursing as related to the religion of the nursing students, The means ranked as follows (high scores indicate a positive image of the nursing profession). Catholic > Protestant > no religion > Buddhist 3, The difference in the nursing image according to motivation for sellecting the profession emerged as quite significant (F=6.92, p < .001). The rank of the means when the subject group is divided along the dimension of motive is as follows (ranking begins with the most positive nursing image): (a) The profession itself seemed good; (b) after marriage one can do a social type of activity; (c) significant others’advice: (d) the profession matches their high school grade record; (e) it matches the economic situation of the student; (f）no particular reason for their choice: (g) it's easy to get a nursing job after graduation. 4. The particular area of nursing one intended to go into after graduation varied significantly in terms of the image of nursing (F=3.03, p < .005). The means when ranked starting with those having the most positive image of the profession: (a) nurses helping deliveries; (b) hospital nurses: (c) nursing education; (d) school nurses: (e) government nurse supervisors: (f）public health nurses: (g) (students not going into any profession); (h) (students not going into the nursing profession but into some other area).

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.312-329
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• 2004

This study was examined 718 workers who had consistent blood pressure results in 2001 and 2002 general health examinations that were held at a work places managed by a health care agency in Seoul. Significant results are found as follows by analysing SPSS 11.0 on the result of self-recorded questionnaires investigated from Mar 1, 2003 to April 30, 2003. 1. A sampled healthy group and a sampled unhealthy group had significant differences in four variables out of possible nineteens that are sex, age, marriage and occupation. The unhealthy group had more males than females, more aged (over 50 years old) than youngers (under 50 years old), more married than singles, more manufacturing workers than non-manufacturing workers. In the case of systolic blood pressure, as the healthy group had 16.52mmHg while that of the other group had 149. 58mmHg, 33.06mmHg of difference between those groups were detected. In the case of diastolic blood pressure, 74.93mmHg of the healthy group and 96.53mmHg of the unhealthy group yielded 21.60mmHg of difference between them. This result implies that a guidance of health care is required to be aware of 20-30mmHg volatility in blood pressure rate or to understand and treat properly own blood pressure. as it is difficult to detect hypertension in early stage due to no initial symptom. According to the result. an establishment of management system of workers, companies and health care agencies is required for consist health care. 2. In terms of risky habits to health, the unhealthy group had more proportion of past smokers, over-twice-a-week drinkers, people with higher obesity rate. However, in terms of excercise, the proportion of regularly exercising people is higher in the unhealthy group while that of non-exercising people is higher in the healthy group. On the other hand. the average grade of health practicing behaviour in two groups are not significantly different as the health group had 3.00 out of possible 6.00 while the other had 3.10. This result means that as workers are not interested in health practicing behaviour. health promoting programmes must be developed in such a way of various method of motivations and incentives. Particularly this implies that distortional objectives of exercises should be readjusted through health guidance. 3. Systolic blood pressure in the healthy group can be explained by sex and the obesity rate while that in the unhealthy group can be explained by subjective health awareness and the obesity. Diastolic blood pressure in the healthy group can be explained by sex and the obesity rate like the former. The obesity rate was significant variable affecting the blood pressure of both groups, and particularly the effect to the unhealthy group was remarkably higher than that to the healthy group. Therefore, this research identified that the health care on the blood pressure of workers is not only limited to hypertension patients, but also extended to all workers. In order for consistent care, an establishment of management system of workers, companies and health care agencies is required.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.431-440
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• 2018

In this study, authors predicted probability of resignation of newly employed nurses using TensorFlow, an open source software library for numerical computation and machine learning developed by Google, and suggested strategic human resources management plan. Data of 1,018 nurses who resigned between 2010 and 2017 in single university hospital were collected. After the order of data were randomly shuffled, 80% of total data were used for machine leaning and the remaining data were used for testing purpose. We utilized multiple neural network with one input layer, one output layer and 3 hidden layers. The machine-learning algorithm correctly predicted for 88.7% of resignation of nursing staff with in one year of employment and 79.8% of that within 3 years of employment. Most of resigned nurses were in their late 20s and 30s. Leading causes of resignation were marriage, childbirth, childcare and personal affairs. However, the most common cause of resignation of nursing staff with in one year of employment were maladaptation to the work and problems in interpersonal relationship.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.155-170
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• 1991

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of demographic-socialogical variables.(ie. educational level, duration of marriage, mate selection type, monthly income, number of children and the frequencies of family's jonit-leisure-activity) and efficiency of the interspous communication on marital satisfaction over the family life cycle. The subject were 278 husbands and wives living in Seoul area who had the eldest child attending at elementary school, middle school , high school and university , respectively. The families were categorized to Duvall's family life cycle. Before the main study was conducted from SEP. 27 to OCT. 8. 1990. a pre-test was conducted on 52 subjects form SEP. 20 to SEP.23.1990. The values of Chronbach's α were obtained on the efficiency of the interspouse communication (α =0.885) and marital satisfaction (α=0.939). Data analysis was by Chronbach's α, ANOVA. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation. Path Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results were as follows; 1) Marital Satisfaction was positively related (1) to demographic-socialogical variables; educational level , monthly income, the frequencies of family's joint-leisure-activity (2) the efficiency of the interspouse communication. 2) Efficiency of the interspouse communication was positively related to the frequencies o family's joint-leisure-activity. 3) The relative importance of independent variables on marital satisfaction over the family life cycle was found to be varied in each stage of life cycle. (1) As for the group who had elementary-school-aged children; efficiency of the interspouse communication (β=0.717.p<.001), joint-leisure-activity frequency (β =0.303.p<.001), monthly income(β=0.202.p<.001), mate selection type(β=0.180.p<.05), (2) As for the group who had middle-school-aged children; efficiency of the interspouse communication (β=0.702.p<.001), (3)As for the group who had high school-aged children; efficiency of the interspouse communication (β=0.488.p<.001), joint-leisure-activity frequency (β=0.368.p<.001), (4)the group who had university-aged children; efficiency of the interspouse communication.(β=0.729.p<.001), monthly income (β=0.164.p<.01). The regression model showed that 55 percent of the marital satisfaction could be account for by demographic-socialogical variables and efficiency of the interspouse communication (R2=0.551)

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.82-95
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among perceived health status, self-esteem, self-efficacy and health promoting behavior, and to determine the predictors of health promoting behavior in post-mastectomy patients. The study, a descriptive correlational study, was done with structural questionnaires. A total of 51 post-mastectomy subjects from C university hospital in Kwang-ju, South Korea completed mail-in self-reporting questionnaires during a three month period from March to June, 1999. The data were collected using Lawstone's(1982) perceived health status scale, Rosenberg's(1965) self-esteem scale, the modified self-efficacy scale(Shere et al, 1982), and the modified health promoting lifestyle profile (Walker et al, 1987). The data obtained were analyzed according to percentage, mean and standard deviation, principal component analysis, varimax rotation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: 1. The health promoting behavior measurement resulted in six factors. Each factor was labelled as follows: self-actualization, nutrition, stress management, exercise, health responsibility and interpersonal support. The total percent of variance explained by the six factors was 58.4%. 2. The mean score of health promoting behavior was 85.92(range 58~117). The scores of six factor were nutrition 3.20, self-actualization 2.59, stress management 2.58, interpersonal support 2.58, health responsibility 2.49, and exercise 2.34 on a four point scale. 3. When the score of health promoting behavior factors were compared by general characteristics. Factor I: self-actualization, differed significantly by the frequency of pregnancy (F=3.06, p=.037). Factor II: nutrition differed significantly by drinking experience(t=-2.26, p=.028) and the pre- or post stage of menopause(F=2.69, p=078). FactorIII: stress management differed significantly depending on regularity of mensturation(t=-2.12, p= .042). FactorIV: exercise differed significantly by type of religion (F=2.49, p=.072), marital status(F=5.03, p=.010), and feeding type (F=2.64, p=.036). Factor V: health responsibility differed significantly by regularity of mensturation(t=2.18, p=.037). 4. The total health promoting behavior score was significantly related to self-esteem and perceived health status(r=.610, p.006; r= .378, p=.006). The score of selfactualization also corresponded with selfesteem and perceived health status(r=.556, p=.001; r=.343, p=.013). 5. The predictor to explain the score of health promoting behavior was self-esteem, which accounted for 37.1% of the total variance. The predictor to explain the score of self-actualization was self-esteem, which accounted for 30.9% of the total variance. The score of nutrition was primarily affected by both premenopause and drinking experience, which accounted for 13.1% and 9.5% respectively. Finally, the score of exercise was dictated by marriage, Buddhism, no experience of breast feeding, which accounted for 17%, 9.8%, & 5.2% respectively. In conclusion, self-esteem is the main predictor for health promoting behavior in post-mastectomy women. These findings suggest a need for nursing strategies which promote self-esteem in such patients.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 1998

The purpose of study is to identify the relation between pain level and perceived family support and quality of life in musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain. The subjects for the study consist of 155 patients with musculoskeletal pain that received medical treatment in hospital or by attending hospital in Chonju. The data were collected during the period from August 5 to August 14, 1998 by means of interviews with structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics. t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, Regression. Cronbach alpha using the SAS program. The result of this study were as follows : 1. The mean score of pain was 8.02, family support was 3.88 and quality of life was 3.07. 2. Hypothesis : The first hypothesis that 'The lower pain level is, the higher quality of life is' was accepted (r=-.2178, p= .0065). In addition, pain level of musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain provided predicted 4.7%(F=7.619, P= .0065) of quality of life. The second hypothesis that 'The higher perceived family support is, the lower pain level is' was rejected (r=-.0376, p= .6425). The third hypothesis that 'The higher perceived family support is, is higher quality of life is' was accepted (r= .3212, p= .0001). In addition, perceived family support of musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain provided predicted 10.31% (F=17.597, p= .0001) of quality of life. 3. General characteristics related pain were age(F=6.85, p= .0001),educational-level(F=9.29, p= .0001), occupation(F=5.81, p= .0037), marriage status(F=8.09, p= .0005), family numbers(F=5.73, p= .001), benefits of medical care(F=4.09, p= .0019), pain period(F=9.52, p= .0001), part of pain(F=2.33, p= .0352), pain period(F=3.08, p= .0181). 4. General characteristics related pain were sex(t=3.20, p= .0017), support sources(t=3.26, p= .0014), pain period(F-4.52, p= .0018). 5. General characteristics related pain were religion(t=3.11. p= .0022), benefits of medical care(F=3.61, p= .0293), pain duration(F=3.03, p= .0195). In conclusion, perceived family support in musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain is an important factor that can improve their quality of life. Therefore, nurses must establish nursing plan included patient's family when nurses carry out nursing intervention and education for patient so that a patient promote quality of life by maintaining optimal wellbeing.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.153-163
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of life of clients who treated and equipped prosthesis in Eulji University Hospital in Dae-Jun City. The results of this study were as follows. The oral status of Female had more carious tooth than male had. Carious tooth(p<0.05) and losed tooth(p<0.001) was more popular in older female. The frequency of treated tooth was higher under 59 years old female than over 60 years old(p<0.01). In education category, carious tooth(p<0.05) and losed tooth(p<0.000) was more popular in low education than high education In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and general characteristic, female was significantly higher than male in dysfunction( p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.001) and activity disorder(p<0.05). The score was significantly higher in older than younger in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.001) and activity disorder(p<0.001). The score of education was significantly higher in low education group than high education group in physical pain (p<0.001), mental discomfort (p<0.001). The score of marriage status was significantly higher in marriaged group than other group in dysfunction (p<0.05) and mental discomfort (p<0.05). In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and oral status, the score of carious tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.05). The score of losed tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), physical pain (p<0.05), mental discomfort(p<0.05), physical disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.01). The score of non treated tooth group was significantly higher in dysfunction(p<0.05), mental discomfort(p<0.05), social disorder(p<0.05) and activity disorder(p<0.05). In the score of relation of OHIP-14 category and the sort of prosthesis, the score of being bridge group was significantly higher than being crown group in activity disorder(p<0.05). The OHIP-14 category and the number of prosthesis was not significant relationship. These results suggest that the information and services of the process of dental prosthesis based on subjective evaluation should be provided to clients rather than based on clinical evaluation. The continued system of oral management should be developed and provided.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.59-78
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• 2005

This study aims to know the deferences of hair fashion feeling group in accordance with hair styling activities, general characteristics, life styles objecting to capital area university women students and aid to hair fashion design. So the results are as belows. 1. Frequency Analysis of Categories A. Hair fashion feeling - Natural, sexy, romantic pretty, sophisticate, ethnic are 90% in total hair fashion feeling variables in sequence of frequency, so it can be said these are in vogue. B. Hair styling activities - The objections visit the hair salon once 1-2months, spend about 42,000 won a month, perform cut & wave perm to sentimental reasens & hair style changes, determine the hair style well coordinated in her image and managed easily. In her home, they manage her hair style 12 minutes a day, spend 17,000 won to buy hair aids, do hair blow dry or pin or pony tail mainly in the morning, scarcely use the hair styling aids but if use, essence or wax mainly. And the degree of interest to hair style is high. C. General Characteristics - The objections's average age is 21.1, residence is seoul kangnam 23.3%, seoul kangbook 18.4%, other capital areas 58.4%, the degree of education is university students 94.9%, graduated student 5.1%, marriage is married 96%, unmarried 2.8%, family who live with is married are mainly man & woman and living with father & mother in low in man's, unmarried are mainly live alone & nuclear family, personal expenses a month is 300,000 won in average, income of home is 4,000,000 won a month. D. Life style - The objections are not in interest of physical exercises but if are, do yoga & health, like drama & comedies program, watch TV or meet friend in leisure time, like balad & dance music, fashion magazine, meet friend in cafe or college. 2. Relationship of hair fashion feeling & other variables Using the $x^2$-test, level p<0.05, Hair styling activities(frequency of hair salon coming in and out, ordinary time representing hair style, preferred hair styling aids, the amount of hair style interest), General Characteristics(age), Life style(leisure time) variables are meaningful.