• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.21-26
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• 2006

A contract for shipbuilding is usually a complicated process and involves a statement of rights, and obligations and responsibilities to which each party agrees vis-a vis the other. Most countries are now well settled with regard to liability of a manufacturer in tort for physical injury and on the other hand, for pure economic loss to remote owners of chattels. Where there is a breach of either contractual warranty or an implied warranty, there may be admiralty jurisdiction, depending once again on the situs of the event and its relationship to traditional maritime activity. First of all, this thesis deals with the contents of contract under English Law. Secondly, this thesis analyse ' s the liability of shipbuilders in Products Liability under English, United States, German and korean Law comparisons. In conclusion, the author gives some suggestions as countermeasures to Products Liability for the shipbuilders in Korea.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.391-399
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• 2020

Every port is competing for attracting loyal customers from other ports to achieve more profits stably. This paper proposes a data-mining scheme to facilitate this process. For resolving the problem, the OD (Origination-Destination) data are gathered from the AIS (Automatic Identification System) data. The OD data are clustered according to the arrival dates and ports. The FP-growth algorithm is applied to mine the frequent patterns of ships arriving at ports. Maintaining a loyal customer list for port updates and accuracy is critical in establishing its usefulness. These lists are critical as they can be used to provide suggestions for new products and services to loyal customers. Finally, based on the frequent patterns of the ships and the mode of arrival times, a formula proposed in this paper to derive shipping companies' loyalty to ports was applied. The case of Kaohsiung port was shown as an example of our algorithm, and the OD data of ships in 2017-2018 were processed. Using the results of our algorithm, other rival ports, such as Shanghai or Busan, may attract customers no longer loyal to Kaohsiung ports in the last two years and attract them as new loyal customers.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.744-747
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• 2006

The sea level of the Java Sea is reproduced using HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) setting up in the horizontal grid from $100^{\circ}E$ to $125^{\circ}E$ and from $10^{\circ}S$ to $8^{\circ}N$. The model is initialized by ocean temperature and salinity profiles from Levitus 1998 and forced by the atmospheric field derived from NCEP reanalysis. In this research HYCOM is applied to explain the El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impacts on the sea level of the Java Sea. The monthly tide gauge sea level data are produced based on hourly sea level data from 1993 to 1997. Altimeter sea level data are based on weekly merged products between TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS absolute dynamic topography (ADT). The simulated sea level both HYCOM and ADT agree well with the tide gauge sea level. The sea level of the Java Sea is high during the La $Ni{\tilde{n}}a$ period and low during the El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ period.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.204-214
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• 2016

Shipbuilding process takes a long time for producing final products, and needs many different resources. Because of these characteristics, it has been studied about shipyard simulation and virtual manufacturing that is able to implement the virtual manufacturing process. However, among the previous researches, it requires considerable time and effort to construct simulation model since the systematic methodology has not been used for simulation modeling. Also, reusability of constructed simulation model was low. Therefore, this research defines the method to construct shipyard simulation system using the process-centric simulation modeling methodology and shipyard simulation framework. This paper also validates the utility of this methodology through applying to construct simulation model for the shipyard master plan validation.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.59-66
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• 2008

Recently, automobile parts progress with modularization, which a great many allied products are modularized. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develope modular housing for modularization of steering gear. Generally, steering gear housing is composed of valve housing and rack housing, it is important to combine two housings. However, housing having the pipe shape is very sensitive to welding distortion, and welding trajectory is very complicated. In order to solve this subject, cooperative control by using robots was constructed. Further, we developed the dedicated system to suit modular housing based on it, and applied laser welding to there. Moreover, welding speed was controlled in the rapid curve section so that the defect in trajectory of housing was reduced to obtain sound weldment. Accordingly, produced housing by this way is presented enough withstanding pressure to $100kg/cm^2$, and roundness and straightness are measured about 10/100 and 0.9/100 respectively.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.69-90
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• 2017

Areas of marine activity have expanded into exclusive economic zones and the continental shelf since the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS) in 1994, The signatory countries have been enforcing their maritime rights and competition in the international community has become intensified. Marine-related issues, including maritime sovereignty, has become an increasingly important issue with many national security and related studies following this trend. However, while there are many policy-related studies there remain few empirical studies. This paper conducted a study of illegal cases of Chinese fishing boats which are quite frequently for an empirical study on maritime sovereignty. This study conducted empirical analysis regarding factors relating to ocean sovereignty infringement by using correlation and multiple regression analysis. The result of observed increases in illegal Chinese fishing boats decreased the production of aquatic products, whish resulted in economic fishery losses to Korea households and inflation in the Korean economy.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.263-269
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• 2012

Copper alloys are commonly applied to ship's propellers, pumps and valves which are serviced in seawater due to their good castability and corrosion resistance. In the environment of high flow velocity, however, erosion damage predominates over corrosion damage. In particular, the cavitation in seawater environment accelerates surface damage to copper alloys, resulting in degradation of products and economic losses and also threatening safety. The surface was coated with WC-27NiCr by high velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF) spraying technique to attain durability and cavitation resistance of copper alloys under high velocity/pressure flow. The cavitation test was performed for the WC-27NiCr coating deposited by HVOF in seawater at the amplitude of $30{\mu}m$ with seawater temperature. The cavitation at $15^{\circ}C$ caused exfoliation of the coating layer in 17.5 hours while that of $25^{\circ}C$ caused the exfoliation in 12.5 hours. When the temperature of seawater was elevated to $25^{\circ}C$ from $15^{\circ}C$, more damage was induced by over 160%. Although WC-27NiCr has good durability, corrosion resistance and eletrochemical stability, the cavitation damage rate of the coating layer could remarkably increase at the elevated temperatures under cavitation environments.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.423-432
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• 2012

EA (Enterprise Architecture) is an SI (System Integration) approach, i.e., a comprehensive plan for SI, which shows the elements of SI and the relationships among them. Since EA can be utilized in every stages of SI, the more large-scaled and complicated SI projects are, the more important EA is. Although many central government agencies and wide local governments implemented EA, the current level of EA utilization is still low. One of the reasons is the low level of EA updating. Some reasons of the low level of EA updating are the low frequency of EA updating, and the shortage of workers, as well. In order to improve the frequency of EA updating and alleviate the workloads of SI officers, MLTM (Ministry of land, transport, and maritime affairs) standardized the processes and documents for SI projects, and implemented PMS (Project Management System) that can support the unifying management of SI projects and be connected with EA system. We expect that EA information are updated efficiently, the level of EA utilization is boosted, and the qualities of SI products are improved, by the implementation of the PMS connected with EA system.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.74-79
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• 2009

Titanium and titanium alloy can be reproduced immediately even if oxide films($TiO_2$) break apart in sea water. Therefore, since titanium demonstrates large specific strength and outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, crevice corrosion, pitting and microbiologically influenced corrosion in sea water environment, it has been widely applied to heat exchanger for ships. In particular, with excellent elongation, pure titanium may be deemed as optimal material for production of heat exchanger plate which is used with wrinkles formed for efficient heat exchange. Conventional plate type heat exchanger prevented leakage of liquid through insertion of gasket between plates and mechanical tightening by bolts and nuts, but in high temperature and high pressure environment, gasket deterioration and leakage occur, so heat exchanger for LPG re-liquefaction device etc do not use gasket but weld heat exchanger plate for use. On the other hand, since welded plate cannot be separated, it is important to obtain high quality reliable welds. In addition, for better workability and production performance, lasers that can obtain weldment with large aspect ratio and demonstrate fast welding speed even in atmospheric condition not in vacuum condition are used in producing products. So far, 1st report and 2nd report compared and analyzed embrittlement degrees by bead colors of weldment through quantitative analysis of oxygen and nitrogen and measurement of hardness as fundamental experiment for the evaluation of titanium laser welding, and evaluated the welding performance and mechanical properties of butt welding. This study welded specimens in various conditions by using laser and GTA welding machine to apply edge welding to heat exchanger, and evaluated the mechanical strength through tensile stress test. As a result of tensile test, laser weldment demonstrated tensile strength 4 times higher than GTA welds, and porosity could be controlled by increasing and decreasing slope of laser power at overlap area.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.224-230
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• 2018

In this study, Mg films were prepared on hot dip aluminized steel (HDA) by using a sputtering method as a high corrosion resistance coating. The corrosion resistance of the Mg films was improved by controlling the morphology and the crystal structure of films by adjusting the Ar gas pressure during the coating process. Anodic polarization measurement results confirm that the corrosion resistance of the Mg films was affected by surface morphology and crystal structure. The corrosion resistance of the Mg coated HDA specimen increased with decreasing crystal size of the Mg coating and it was also improved by forming a film with denser morphology. The crystal structure oriented at Mg(101) plane showed the best corrosion resistance among crystal planes of the Mg metals, which is attributed to its relatively low surface energy. Neutral salt spray test confirmed that corrosion resistance of HDA can be greatly improved by Mg coating, which is superior to that of HDG (hot dip galvanized steel). The reason for the improvement of the corrosion resistance of Mg films on hot dip aluminized steel was due to the barrier effect by the Mg corrosion products formed by the corrosion of the Mg coating layer.