• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.15-19
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• 2001

Electronic navigation system onboard have have been developed with recent technology based on new concept such as electronic chart date. The most valuable system of revolution in electronic navigation equipment is ECDIS, which have been developed in order to reduce work load of mariner and give an integrated information by simple means, especially to improve the safety of ship's navigation. In order to be sure the function of ECDIS is satisfied, The international standard have regulated the performance in the standard, so ECDIS should be type approved by the marine equipment authority of each government. There are three basic documents, IEC61174, IEC61162, IEC60945 issued by IMO(International Maritime Organization) which should be used for type approval system of each authority. IEC 61174 include the method of test and required results for operational and functional performance of test equipment. IEC61162 is for sensor interface and IEC60945 is related to the test of environmental condition for general marine radiocommunication equipment. In this paper, we investigate international standard in detail and current approval system of general marine equipment. After that, we present the possible structure of type approval of ECDIS and important considerations of approval system such that ECDIS should be tested as one system not be separated between S/W and H/W.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.217-228
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• 2009

Mobile genetic segments, or transposons, are also referred to as jumping genes as they can shift from one position in the genome to another, thus inducing a chromosomal mutation. According to the target site-specificity of the transposon during a transposition event, the result is either the insertion of a gene of interest at a specific chromosomal site, or the creation of knockout mutants. The former situation includes the integration of conjugative transposons via site-specific recombination, several transposons preferring a target site of a conserved AT-rich sequence, and Tn7 being site-specifically inserted at attTn7, the downstream of the essential glmS gene. The latter situation is exploited for random mutagenesis in many prokaryotes, including IS (insertion sequence) elements, mariner, Mu, Tn3 derivatives (Tn4430 and Tn917), Tn5, modified Tn7, Tn10, Tn552, and Ty1, enabling a variety of genetic manipulations. Randomly inserted transposons have been previously employed for a variety of applications such as genetic footprinting, gene transcriptional and translational fusion, signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM), DNA or cDNA sequencing, transposon site hybridization (TraSH), and scanning linker mutagenesis (SLM). Therefore, transposon-mediated genetic engineering is a valuable discipline for the study of bacterial physiology and pathogenesis in living hosts.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.693-698
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• 2008

The maritime education and training is executed in Asian countries according to The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers(STCW). However, mainly basic training and education takes in maritime universities, because this convention is minimum requirements to become junior mariner. So, until now researches have not developed to the stage of discussing how maritime universities of advanced shipping countries should pursue the direction of education in the new eras. Korea and Japan as the leading shipping countries in Asia, need to take initiatives in building a new education system in order to foster the next generation maritime expert. To enhance the professional abilities of maritime technologists in the new era, element design of science and technology relating to maritime issues and a new education system based on an amalgamation of maritime education and scientific and technological education were discussed.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.16-18
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• 2011

This study aims to identify the degree of safety when mariners take their actions in several different situations. We have carried out many experiments in order to observe mariners' behavior, and then measured the safety level that is based on their actions to avoid dangerous collision situations. One of the most important actions that mariners have to take, either as their daily routine or when they are in a collision situation and then want to avoid that situation is the lookout. In this paper, behaviors on the lookout have been defined as a standard sequence of three steps that are "time of first detection", "time of recognition as risky vessel" and "time of starting avoiding action", and the suitability and applicability of the definition have been shown. And also we propose the risk assessment on the collision and the recommendation for reducing the collision at sea. Some analyzing results and the application of the results are reported. The sequence of lookout is also understood. By combining these knowledge and some systematic studies, we propose the risk assessment on the collision and the recommendation for reducing the collision at sea.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-27
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• 1993

As the education of maritime college has a characteristics of seafaring professional institutions, the potential benefit following from the employment of seafarers would put substantial impact on it. The socio-economic position of seafaring occupations has been deteriorated considerably with changes of ship's auto-mation, specialisation and low cost operation management of shipping companies through severe internatio-nal competitions. The quality and number of applicants for the maritime college has declined and most students have no hopes for the study of seafaring subjects which followed bewildering in their college days. However, the demands for seafarers are fairly large from the viewpoint of national maritime industry. The maritime institutions should not only meet these demands but also revitalise students by reforming the educational contents. The contents should be influenced by the social approach to educational needs in particular maritime shore-oriented subjects. The maritime education is no more restricted to the sea, it covers the land based world of the maritime industry as well. The new contents will lead the maritime educated students to the shore-based occupa-tions after finishing their seafaring if they want to. This may not only make ways to the maritime educa-tion fruitable, but also the students have a zeal and hope for the subjects taught.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2001년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.737-740
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 선박의 더 효율적이고 안전한 운항과 인력 및 에너지 절감을 위하여 PC를 기반으로 한 SPS (Secondary Planning System)를 개발하였으며, SPS를 중심으로 구성한 항해 자동화 시스템을 제안하였다. 개발된 SPS는 항해 선박의 각종 항해통신장비의 이상유무를 모니터링 하는 기능을 수행하며, 운항정보시스템(GIS), 전자해도시스템(ECDIS), 또는 Radar/ARPA장비에 이상 상태가 발생되었을 때 해당장비의 주요핵심 정보와 기능을 자동으로 대체함으로 해상사고의 방지와 선박의 항해 시스템의 효율성과 안정성을 높일 수 있다. 또한 SPS는 항해통신장비의 보조장비 기능인 DB Server 기능과 Network Server기능도 가진다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 1985

본 논문에서 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) slamming 충격력에 의한 선각의 굽힘 모우멘트와 전단력의 계산은 본 논문의 이론 전개방법에 의해 구하는 것이 Antonides의 적용 방법보다 더 타당하다고 생각된다. 2) 수치계산 예에서 보면 선체 중앙단면에서 가장 큰 sagging moment가 발생하며 Antonides의 결과치 보다 3~5%정도 더 크게 나타났다. 3) 기준진동형의 중첩항 수는 주어진 문제의 특성 및 요구되는 정도에 따라 결정되어야 하므로 고차 진동형에 대한 실측치와 이론치의 비교 분석이 선행되어야 한다고 생각된다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.315-318
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• 1998

약배양 유래 녹색꽃양배추의 유식물 순화율 및 배수성을 조사하였다. 7가지 공시 품종중 순화율에 있어 Marathon은 80.8∼100%, Landmark는 79.2∼100%, Mariner는 71.4∼79.2%로 나타나 평균 순화율은 83.6%∼86.1% 이였다. 소포자 배에서 생성된 식물체의 배수성은 공변세포내 엽연체수 측정으로도 가능했으며, 또한 배수성의 조기측정을 위해 I-KI용액을 사용하여 엽록체의 즉시염색 관찰이 가능했다. 관찰된 평균 엽녹체수는 반수체가 8.5, 2배체는 13.5, 그리고 4배체는 18.5개로 나타 났으며 이를 기초로 분류한 재분화개체의 배수성은 반수체 47.1∼51.3%, 2배체 47.9∼51.7%, 4배체 0.8∼l.2% 로서 반수체와 2배체가 각각 반씩이고 4배체가 극히 적게 분포하며 인위적인 염색체 배가 없이도 상당수의 자연 배가된 2배체를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2001

세계 각국의 전자해도 데이터와 이를 이용한 항행시스템인 ECS, ECDIS는 안전항해를 위해 필수적인 시스템으로 자리잡아 가고 있으나 데이터의 화면 표시에서 생기는 Clutter의 문제로 정보 판독성이 떨어지는 문제를 안고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 SCAMIN이라고 하는 개별 오브젝트의 속정을 사용하고 있으나 축척 변화에 따른 오브젝트 on/off현상과 같은 또 다른 문제를 낳고 있다. 본 논문에서는 전자해도 오브젝트의 SCAMI보 값 지정에 대한 국제 사례를 분석하고 문제점의 해결 방법으로 '가변 Factor 체계'를 제안하였다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2015

This paper compared the consistency of the Environment Stress(ES) model and the Potential Risk Assessment Model (PARK model, which was developed based on a Korean mariner risk perception) for the Busan adjacent waterway. Evaluation of accuracy and comparison of these two models have been made by Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) officers in the Busan VTS Centre. The assessment results of Busan waterway show that the PARK model is more consistent than the ES model as follows. (1) The difference between assessment results applying ES model and PARK model with risk degree of VTSOs were 34% and 5% respectively in six typical traffic situations. (2) The assessment using PARK model is more suitable and identical with the VTSOs opinion in his or her duty time.