• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.682-686
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• 2003

This paper is concerned with 'reverse difference' of marine sediments at the Camau tongue in the extreme south of Vietnam. We demonstrate the importance of remote sensing in geomorphology and marine geological application, using only visual evaluation and some data-processing techniques. In this paper, about 10,000 km$^2$ of the territorial water in the extreme south of Vietnam is being studied. We show that form and behavior of Mekong and its branch can be determined by visually interpreting remote sensing images and using ERDAS IMAGE 8.5 software. Besides, the 'reverse difference' phenomenon is explained by flows of Mekong river and its branches.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.20-25
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• 1995

Surface wind field over an ocean plays a very important role not only to generate wind-driven current, but also to control heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere. However, the surface wind-field used for the ocean circulation and heat exchange is usually estimated by indirect methods because of lack of observed wind data and incomplete spatial coverage. (omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.59-73
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• 2022

Currently, the conflict between use and conservation of the ocean is intensifying in the ocean, so it is essential to introduce an effective method to define and manage it in advance for each core value of ocean. Accordingly, although the ocean is divided into nine marine use zone and managed through marine spatial planning, the analysis of the sea areas where mutually exclusive activities overlap in the ocean is insufficient. In this study, an automated model was developed to derive a sea areas where the core values of the ocean conflict. In order to analyze marine activities, available data on marine activity were collected, and data necessity for the analysis of mutually exclusive marine activities were derived. After classifying the derived data into legal and characteristic data, a conflict matrix was prepared through pairwise comparison between data to designate priorities when overlapping occurs. Based on the designated priorities, an automation model was developed, and sea areas where marine activities conflicted were derived, visualized, and area calculated. Using this, it is judged that the efficiency of decision-making can be improved by clearly deriving the sea areas where major issues occur in establishing the marine spatial planning.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.60-74
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• 2007

For quantitative analysis of spatio-temporal distribution pattern on marine environment, spatial autocorrelation statistics on the both global and local aspects was applied to the observed data obtained from Gwangyang Bay in South Sea of Korea. Global indexes such as Moran's I and General G were used for understanding environmental distribution pattern in the whole study area. LISAs (local indicators of spatial association) such as Moran's I ($I_i$) and $G_i{^*}$ were considered to find similarity between a target feature and its neighborhood features and to detect hot spot and/or cold spot. Additionally, the significance test on clustered patterns by Z-scores was carried out. Statistical results showed variations of spatial patterns quantitatively in the whole year. Then all of general water quality, nutrients, chlorophyll-a and phytoplankton had strong clustered pattern in summer. When global indexes showed strong clustered pattern, the front region with a negative $I_i$ which means a strong spatial variation was observed. Also, when global indexes showed random pattern, hot spot and/or cold spot were/was found in the small local region with a local index $G_i{^*}$. Therefore, global indexes were useful for observing the strength and time series variations of clustered patterns in the whole study area, and local indexes were useful for tracing the location of hot spot and/or cold spot. Quantification of both spatial distribution pattern and clustering characteristics may play an important role to understand marine environment in depth and to find the reasons for spatial pattern.

• Journal of Wind Energy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.14-25
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• 2023

This study focuses on proposing measures for the reasonable development of offshore wind farms using the case of Norway, which was the first nation in the world to build a floating offshore wind farm of 80 MW or more. Norwegian authorities conducted a strategic environment assessment in 2012 to select offshore wind farm sites, discovered 15 potential sites, and finally decided on two designated sites in 2020. Based on various survey data such as seabirds, marine environment, and fishing activities, scientific-based spatial analysis was conducted to select additional offshore wind farm sites in line with future development plans. In addition, a government-led steering committee and advisory group have established marine spatial plans since 2002. Therefore, it will be possible to listen to and coordinate the opinions of stakeholders by using the steering committee and advisory group for offshore wind power development. By examining the case of Norway, we suggest the following policy points that can achieve carbon neutrality and develop sustainable offshore wind farms: 1. Establish a government-led steering committee and advisory group that can select potential sites for offshore wind farms by coordinating the opinions of stakeholders 2. Induce efficient and sequential offshore wind farm development by using various survey data and scientific-based spatial analysis.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.645-652
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• 2003

A virtual vessel traffic control system is introduced to contribute to prevent a marine accident such as collision and stranding from happening. Existing VTS has its limit. The virtual vessel traffic control system consists of both data acquisition by satellite remote sensing and a simulation of traffic environment stress based on the satellite data, remotely sensed data And it could be used to provide timely and detailed information about the marine safety, including the location, speed and direction of ships, and help us operate vessels safely and efficiently. If environmental stress values are simulated for the ship information derived from satellite data, proper actions can be taken to prevent accidents. Since optical sensor has a high spatial resolution, JERS satellite data are used to track ships and extract their information. We present an algorithm of automatic identification of ship size and velocity. It lastly is shown that based on ship information extracted from JERS data, a qualitative evaluation method of environmental stress is introduced.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.295-307
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• 2021

The Korean Peninsula is surrounded on three sides by the East Sea, West Sea and South Sea which are connected to many rivers and streams, thereby facilitating easy inflow of debris from land. Furthermore, excessive debris inflow to the sea because of active fishing and various recreational activities. Debris entering the sea are weighted over time and settle in the seabed, thus, making direct monitoring of debris impossible and its collection difficult. Uncollected submerged marine debris affects the seabed ecosystem and water quality and can cause ghost fishing and ship accidents, especially due to waste net ropes and waste fishing gears. Therefore, understanding the debris distribution characteristics is necessary to assist quick collection of these debris (waste net ropes and waste fishing gears). Thus, this study conducted a survey of debris deposited in the seas of 39 ports. Furthermore, distribution characteristics and compositions of submerged marine debris were identified by a map prepared through GIS-based spatial analysis of the East Sea. Consequently, 58% of waste tires in the East Sea were concentrated in breakwaters and ship berthing facilities. Moreover, 26 % of waste plastics were distributed outside the port. Identifying the distinct distribution characteristics of submerged marine debris was difficult; however, compared with others, the distribution of waste plastics was possible outside the port. The findings of this study can serve as baseline data to assist the collection of submerged marine debris using the distribution characteristics.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2022

Digital Twin is positioned as one of the establishment of a digital management system for core infrastructure in terms of collecting real data and implementing virtual space. However, there are currently no integrated three-dimensional marine information analysis tools and technologies in Korea, and unlike land, new 3D modeling technologies and data processing technologies are required to digitize flexible marine information, but there are limitations in implementation. Therefore, this study aims to present development directions in four areas: structure, data, modeling, and utilization platform of marine digital twin by analyzing trends related to marine digital twin and digital twin technology elements.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.153-167
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• 2007

Dokdo research has been worked in various fields. However, the continuous accumulation and systematic management of Dokdo research data on marine science haven't been made. In particular, a systematic database system hasn't been established for the research data on marine environment and ecosystem in Dokdo and its surrounding sea. Therefore, GIS database construction on a spatial basis is required for the systematic management and efficient use of Dokdo marine research data, and a marine data model on a GIS basis is needed on the design stage to build the database. In this study, we collected previous observed marine data, and classified them as three groups, such as a framework data group on a GIS basis, a research data group and a thematic data group, according to the data types and characteristics. Moreover, the attributes of each research data were designed to be connected to GIS framework data. The result of the study to build an integrated GIS data model may be useful for developing a management system for marine research data observed in other sea as well as Dokdo.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.199-205
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• 2011

The Saemangeum embankment construction have changed the flowing on the topography of the coastal marine environment. However, the variety of ecological factors are changing from outside of Saemangeum embankment area. The ecosystem of various marine organisms have led to changes by sea surface temperature. The aim of this study is to monitoring of sea surface temperature(SST) changes were measured by using thermal infrared satellite imagery, MODIS and Landsat. The MODIS data have the high temporal resolution and Landsat satellite data with high spatial resolution was used for time series monitoring. The extracted informations from sea surface temperature changes were compared with the dyke to allow them inside and outside of Saemangeum embankment. The spatial extent of the spread of sea water were analyzed by SST using MODIS and Landsat thermal channel data. The difference of sea surface temperature between inland and offshore waters of Saemangeum embankment have changed by seasonal flow and residence time of sea water in dyke.