• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.279-294
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to synthesize and interpret the findings of previous qualitative studies that investigated the lived experiences of Korean emerging adults who aged out of the foster care system. Based on our selection criteria, we extracted and analyzed 14 papers that were published between 2010 to 2023. Our meta-synthesis found that the emerging adults' life world consisted of seven domains: family experience, life tasks, education and work, financial issues, home and family, interpersonal relationships, and psychological and emotional issues. We restructured the emerging adults' lived experiences using van Manen's concepts of lived time, lived space, lived things, lived self-other, and lived body. Our meta-synthesis revealed that these emerging adults experienced multidimensional difficulties due to shortcomings of formal and informal social support after aging out of the foster care system. Their difficulties accumulated in their interaction with lived time. Based on the level of their accumulated difficulties, we categorized the emerging adults into stable, struggling, and isolated groups. However, it is important to note that many of them adapted to their own life world and strived to move forward. This qualitative meta-synthesis provides a comprehensive understanding and new interpretation of emerging adults who transition from foster care to independent living in the context of Korea.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2006

In heavily industrialized areas, soil sites are contaminated with high concentrations of heavy metals. These pollutants are highly accumulated to the human body through the food web and cause serious diseases. To remove heavy metals from the soil, a potential strategy is the environmental friendly and cost effective phytoremediation. For the enhancement of remediation efficiency, the symbiotic interaction between the plant and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been attended. In this review, the interaction of the plant and PGPR in the heavy metal-contaminated soil has been reviewed. The physicochemical and biological characteristics of the rhlzosphere can influence directly or indirectly on the biomass, activity and population structure of the rhizobacteria. The root exudates are offered to the soil microbes as useful carbon sources and growth factors, so the growth and metabolism of rhizobacteria can be promoted. PGPR have many roles to lower the level of growth-inhibiting stress ethylene within the plant, and also to provide iron and phosphorus from the soil to plant, and to produce phytohormone such as indole acetic acid. The plant with PGPR can grow better in the heavy metal contaminated soil. Therefore higher efficiency of the phytoremediation will be expected by the application of the PGPR.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.192-200
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• 2022

The association between heavy metals in the blood and obesity has been examined in many studies. However, inconsistencies have been observed in the results from these studies. The present study was conducted using data from 119,181 participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for 11 years in 2005 and between 2008 and 2017. The subjects with missing heavy metal blood tests, health interview data, and health examination data were excluded from the study. The study population comprised 1,844 individuals (972 men, 872 women) who were eligible for inclusion. It was found that obesity and abdominal obesity were associated with an increase in both blood mercury (P<0.001) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P<0.001). After adjusting the confounding factors, those with concurrent high levels of ALT and the highest tertile of mercury showed an increased risk of obesity (odds ratio 4.46, 95%, confidence interval 2.23~8.90, P<0.001) as well as abdominal obesity (odds ratio 5.36, 95%, confidence interval 2.57~11.17, P<0.001). The interrelationship of mercury and ALT with the parameters of body mass index (P for interaction=0.009) and waist circumference (P for interaction=0.012), respectively, have been observed to be significant, suggesting that the reciprocal relationship could contribute to obesity and abdominal obesity.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2003

The source of prescription of Jihwangeumja to treat the mental confusion due to phlegm caused by kidney 'deficiency and Yin and Yang deficiency is found in 'Hwangjesomunseonmyeongronbang $\ll$黃帝素問宣明論方$\gg$'. The source of prescription of Jihwangeum is found in 'Seongjechongnok $\ll$聖濟總錄$\gg$'. Therefore, it seems reasonable to change the prescription to 'Jihwangeum' from 'Jihwangeumja' and to change the source of prescription to 'Seongjechongnok $\ll$聖濟總錄$\gg$' from 'Hwangjesomunseonmyeongronbang $\ll$黃帝素問宣明論方$\gg$'. In addition, 'Jihwangeum' is influenced by 'Naebosan' in 'Cheongeumbang $\ll$千金方$\gg$'. Jihwangeumja gave the substantial influence on the treatment of 'Endogenous wind due to hyperactivity' of Yeopcheonsa. Jihwangeumja supplements the true Yuan, smooths the circulation of the flow inside a body and coordinates the interaction between heart and kidney so that it ultimately eliminates sputum and activates circulation inside a body. If the guideline of diagnosis is accurate, many kinds of diseases can be effectively treated through the principle of treating different disease with the same therapy. In addition, it will be also effectively used for headache after cerebral hemorrhage, trigeminal neuralgia(sore tongue), diabetes insipidus, nervous breakdown, hyperthyroidism, chronic glomerulonephritis, infertility and anemia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study investigated the relationship between the daily physical activity level and fall-proof-related fitness in older female adults. METHODS: This study promoted and sampled the subjects who participated in the study for 2 weeks, and developed a basic information questionnaire to select the subjects to be excluded from the research. The amount of energy expenditure through daily physical activity was examined, and the elderly physical fitness, and balance test were analyzed. The subjects were divided into group A (${\geq}1,500kcal/week$), group B (<$1,500-{\geq}1,000kcal/week$), and group C (<1,000 kcal/week) according to their daily physical activity level. RESULTS: A significant difference in the daily physical activity level (energy expenditure), Chair Stand Test (lower body strength), 8-Foot Up-and Go Test (dynamic balance), and CTSIB-M (modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance) was observed among groups A, B, and C (p<.5), but there was no significant difference in the Chair Sit-and-Reach Test (lower body flexibility) (p>.5). CONCLUSION: The increase in physical activity is an essential factor for preventing falls and it provides many health benefits for the elderly. On the other hand, considering that elderly people cannot access exercise programs easily in Korea, it can be predicted that increasing elderly people's physical activity in daily life rather than specific exercises may help prevent falls.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.3.1-3.14
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• 2023

Microvilli are outer membrane organelles that contain cross-linked filamentous actin. Unlike well-characterized epithelial microvilli, T-cell microvilli are dynamic similar to those of filopodia, which grow and shrink intermittently via the alternate actin-assembly and -disassembly. T-cell microvilli are specialized for sensing Ags on the surface of Ag-presenting cells (APCs). Thus, these finger-shaped microprotrusions contain many signaling-related proteins and can serve as a signaling platforms that induce intracellular signals. However, they are not limited to sensing external information but can provide sites for parts of the cell-body to tear away from the cell. Cells are known to produce many types of extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, microvesicles, and membrane particles. T cells also produce EVs, but little is known about under what conditions T cells generate EVs and which types of EVs are released. We discovered that T cells produce few exosomes but release large amounsts of microvilli-derived particles during physical interaction with APCs. Although much is unanswered as to why T cells use the same organelles to sense Ags or to produce EVs, these events can significantly affect T cell fate, including clonal expansion and death. Since TCRs are localized at microvilli tips, this membrane event also raises a new question regarding long-standing paradigm in T cell biology; i.e., surface TCR downmodulation following T cell activation. Since T-cell microvilli particles carry T-cell message to their cognate partner, these particles are termed T-cell immunological synaptosomes (TISs). We discuss the potential physiological role of TISs and their application to immunotherapies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.961-967
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• 2019

This research presents an efficient method based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for estimating the resistance performance of a ship with a large settlement amount and a dynamic trim. The settlement of the inviscid flow analysis and the results of dynamic trim were used to set a large attitude for the ship prior to performing a viscous flow analysis; a viscous flow analysis was subsequently performed by Dynamic Fluid Body Interaction (DFBI). This method is termed as method I, in which a simple grating system can be used without employing the overset mesh technique by setting many attitudes before interpretation. Thus, method I is advantageous in reducing calculation time and improving calculation accuracy. The viscous flow analysis was performed using a commercial CFD code STAR-CCM+. Compared with the final convergence result, the first viscous flow analysis result of method I exhibited a variation of less than 1 % of resistance. The result was obtained by changing the gratings each time an attitude is changed at each calculation stage, based on the DFBI method provided to STAR-CCM+ using a simple grating system, which is not a superposed grating. This method is termed as method II. Compared with method II of resistance, method I exhibited a dif erence of 0.03-0.6 % for linear velocity. The results of method I were confirmed to be qualitatively and quantitatively appropriate through comparison with several trillion simulations.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.423-433
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• 2005

The computer hardware development has provided many chances of emergence between art and technology. In many cases today's interactive artworks cannot be completed without audience's participation. The interactive production process with technical supplementation can be celled feedback. Mr. Nam Jun Paik showed 'Participant TV' that interacts with audience's response in real time. It means artwork changes with the constantly changing value from the data set from human visual perception. Dan Graham showed another feedback related work, which delays 5second playback in mirror that implies consequence of time. Today's media art has to sublimate coincidence, time ant audience into philosophical artwork through consonance that comes with video and sound as we can see from Bill Viola. Stelarc produced artworks. That use input data that is weak signals from brain, muscles. Through a terminal display with player, body expanded meaning of media. Jeffrey Shaw's 'Legible City' provided a fabrication of the reality with the interaction of bicycle's pedal speed and steering direction that is controlled by 4river. RE:MARK used microphone as input device as Edmond Couchot's 'Je same a la vent' and Nam Jun Paik's 'Participant TV' did. There is no communication without feedback between human being. The reality makes audience involved into artworks. That is the reason why feedback has to be natural. Through the feedback process, the originality of the idea is altered by audience. The feedback is not just part of flesh of artwork rather skeleton of it. Technological showoff cannot be art itself The perfection of technological application plan helps feedback that interacts with audience naturally in order that audience hoes not feel the feedback as artificial plan. Interactive media art has to be evolved into new media form with new integration feedback technology.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1608-1613
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• 2012

A conventional kinesin, KIF5/Kinesin-I, transports various cargoes along the microtubule through interaction between its light chain subunit and the cargoes. Kinesin light chains (KLCs) interact with many different cargoes using their tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain, but the mechanism underlying recognition and binding of a specific cargo has not yet been completely elucidated. We used the yeast two-hybrid assay to identify proteins that interact with the TPR domain of KLC1. We found an interaction between the TPR domain of KLC1 and an amyloid precursor protein (APP)-binding protein PAT1 (protein interacting with APP tail 1). The yeast two-hybrid assay demonstrated that the TPR domain-containing region of KLC1 mediated binding to the C-terminal tail region of PAT1. PAT1 also bound to KLC2 but not to kinesin heavy chains (KIF5A, KIF5B, and KIF5C) in the yeast two-hybrid assay. These protein-protein interactions were also observed in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay and by co-immunoprecipitation. Anti-PAT1 antibody as well as anti-APP anti-body co-immunoprecipitated KLC and KHCs associated with PAT1 from mouse brain extracts. These results suggest that PAT1 could mediate interactions between Kinesin-I and APP containing vesicles.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

The Sasang constitutional Medicine is the original medicine that is created from the deep studies on former Eastern medical theories by Lee Jae-Ma in the late 19th century. This medicine deals with the interaction between mind and body in great depth. The temperament (the distinct nature and character of an individual, 性情) concept is the theoretical basis which divides man's constitution into four(Taeyangin, Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin). This concept is derived from The old oriental Sung-Myung concept which has philosophical meaning. These terms of Sung and Jung also have metaphysical meaning and can not be explained easily. but roughly, The temperament is divided two concept. the distinct nature(性) means human's nature and the distinct nature(情) means human's desire. Besides, In Sasang constitution medicine, terms that traditionally represent emotions in asia are used as terminology of temperament. Altough too many aspects about Human's mind remains unknown yet, According to Neurological evidences, the brain is regarded as the main organ that produces rationality and emotion. Especially the way that brain produces an emotion provides some clues that can tell us how can mind affect body. Emotion is considered as evolutionary adaptation to response correctly against unexpected chaotic external changes. It is something that humans are born with, and causes physical responses simultaneously. Moreover, It can be come out with or without consciousness. The temperament(性情) concept and Emotion have similarity that both play an important role in mind-body correlation. Therefore Neurological researches on emotion were able to help reinterpret temperament(性情) concept. the distinct nature(性) seems to be the emotion that is come out directly from the brain stem, and the distinct nature(情) seems to be the emotion that is produced after neocortex involved thinking process. And the reason why Sung and Jung affect organs differently is explained from the manner that brain expresses emotion.