• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2021

The study aims to investigate the effect on Philippine occupational choice of House Bill No.7787, also known as the National Wage Law, which was filled by the Philippine Congress that mandates the implementation of an across the board minimum daily wage of Php750.00 to all workers in the Philippines. This study had used the Computable General Equilibrium-Top-Down Behavioral Microsimulation approach to determine the effect of National Wage Law on occupational choice. The results of the study revealed that the implementation of said National Wage Law would affect the distribution of labor force across occupational classification such as wage workers, entrepreneurial farming activities workers, and entrepreneurial non-farming activities workers. This has resulted from a higher utility that will be derived from the wage working sector once the National Wage Law will be implemented. Further, among regions in the Philippines, the Calabarzon, National Capital Region, and Central Luzon had recorded the highest number of workers who prefer the wage income sector. The findings of the study also suggest that the Philippine agricultural sector will be greatly affected by the National Wage Law due to the preference of workers to shift from the entrepreneurial farming sector to belong to the wage sector.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.21-39
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• 2021

The acceptance of smartphone applications in the learning field is one of the most significant challenges for higher education institutions in Saudi Arabia. These institutions serve large and varied sectors of society and have a tremendous impact on the knowledge gained by student segments at various ages. M-learning is of great importance because it provides access to learning through a wide range of mobile networks and allows students to learn at any time and in any place. There is a lack of quality requirements for M-learning applications in Saudi societies partly because of mandates for high levels of privacy and gender segregation in education (Garg, 2013; Sarrab et al., 2014). According to the Saudi Arabian education ministry policy, gender segregation in education reflects the country's religious and traditional values (Ministry of Education, 2013, No. 155). The opportunity of many applications would help the Saudi target audience more easily accept M-learning applications and expand their knowledge while maintaining government policy related to religious values and gender segregation in the educational environment. In addition, students can share information through the online framework without breaking religious restrictions. This study uses a quantitative perspective to focus on defining the technical aspects and learning requirements for distributing knowledge among students within the digital environment. Additionally, the framework of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) is used to modify new constructs, called application quality requirements, that consist of quality requirements for systems, information, and interfaces.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.411-417
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• 2023

During the operation of a nuclear power plant (NPP), the generation of radioactive waste, including dry active waste (DAW), concentrates, spent resin, and filters, mandates the implementation of appropriate disposal methods to adhere to Korea's waste acceptance criteria (WAC). In this context, this study investigates the potential use of polymer concrete (PC) as a high-integrity container (HIC) material for solidifying and packaging these waste materials. PC is a versatile composite material comprising binding polymers, aggregates, and additives, known for its exceptional strength and chemical stability. A comprehensive analysis of PC's long-term integrity was conducted in this study. First, its compressive strength, which is crucial for ensuring the structural stability of HICs over extended periods, was evaluated. Subsequently, the resilience of PC was tested under various stress conditions, including biological, radiological, thermal, and chemical stressors. The findings of this study indicate that PC exhibits remarkable long-term properties, demonstrating exceptional stability even when subjected to diverse stressors. The results therefore underscore the potential viability of PC as a reliable material for constructing high-integrity containers, thus contributing to the safe and sustainable management of radioactive waste in NPPs.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.184-190
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• 2023

The European Union has instituted a new emission standard protocol that necessitates real-time measurements from vehicles on actual roads. The adequate development of routes for real driving emissions (RDE) mandates substantial resources, encompassing both vehicles and a portable emission measurement system (PEMS). In this study, a simulation tool was utilized to predict the vehicle speed traversing the routes developed for the RDE measurements. Initially, the vehicle powertrain system was modeled for both a gasoline hybrid vehicle and a gasoline engine-only vehicle. Subsequently, the speed profile for the specified vehicle was constructed based on the RDE route developed for the EURO-6 standard. Finally, the predicted vehicle speed profiles for highway and urban routes were assessed utilizing the actual driving data. The driving model predicted more consistency in the vehicle speed at each driving section. Meanwhile, the human driver tended to accelerate further, and then decelerate in each section, instead of cruising at a predicted section speed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.6_3
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• pp.1243-1249
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• 2023

The Public Data Act mandates that every public institution must make efforts to facilitate convenient access to public data for all and take necessary measures to universally expand the right to use such data. Furthermore, it specifies that the head of a public institution must provide the data held and managed by that institution to the citizens. The Construction Project Information Disclosure Service aims to increase the utilization of data within the Construction CALS System, creating new added value by disclosing information and fostering communication. This service seeks to enhance public interest and transparency, support the creation of new businesses based on construction project data, and stimulate related industries. Since 2019, a total of 26 types of information have been disclosed through this service. As the volume of disclosed information continues to increase, there has been a consistent demand for reducing burden on data providers and enhancing user functionality. This study analyzes the current status of the Construction CALS Information Disclosure System to identify its existing challenges. Subsequently, it establishes a systematic approach to the data opening process and proposes enhancements to information disclosure and search functionalities for addressing these challenges.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.20-26
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• 2024

The Chemical Substances Control Act of South Korea mandates submission of transportation plans containing information on the transportation of hazardous chemicals, with over 600,000 submissions recorded annually. In this study, big data analysis was performed on 2,506,985 transportation plans to identify trends and assess their correlation with chemical transportation accidents. The analysis confirmed that despite NaOH accounting for 20.7% of transportation plans, HCl constitutes 40% of chemical transportation accidents, which indicates a correlation of these accidents with the chemical properties of hazardous substances rather than with the number of submitted transportation plans. Furthermore, chemical transportation accidents show a higher probability of occurrence in the 6-8 am and 6-8 pm windows, which is in agreement with higher incidence and fatality rates. The departure points of transportation plans are closely related to the characteristics of local chemical industrial complexes such as Ulsan, Yeosu, and Gunsan, whereas the arrival points are closely related to Pyeongtaek, Hwaseong, and Icheon, which are the locations of semiconductor industries. Ultimately, achievement of safety by consideration of characteristics of transported chemicals, enhancement of driver concentration during specific times, and implementation of preventive measures tailored to local government characteristics are strategies anticipated to contribute to a reduction in chemical transportation accidents.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.2412-2420
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• 2024

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) mandates safeguards to ensure non-proliferation of nuclear materials. Among inspection techniques used to detect partial defects within spent nuclear fuel (SNF), gamma emission tomography (GET) has been reported to be reliable for detection of partial defects on a pin-by-pin level. Conventional GET, however, is limited by low detection efficiency due to the high density of nuclear fuel rods and self-absorption. This paper proposes a new type of GET named Spent Fuel Internal Tomography (SFIT), which can acquire sinograms at the guide tube. The proposed device consists of the housing, shielding, C-shaped collimator, reflector, and gadolinium aluminum gallium garnet (GAGG) scintillator. For accurate attenuation correction, the source-distinguishable range of the SFIT device was determined using MC simulation to the region away from the proposed device to the second layer. For enhanced inspection accuracy, a proposed specific source-discrimination algorithm was applied. With this, the SFIT device successfully distinguished all source locations. The comparison of images of the existing and proposed inspection methods showed that the proposed method, having successfully distinguished all sources, afforded a 150 % inspection accuracy improvement.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.370-377
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• 2024

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) mandates that evacuation analysis must be performed at the design stage to ensure the safety of passengers aboard ships. Therefore, ship designers are required to conduct this evacuation analysis during the ship design process. Evacuation analysis begins with creating an escape diagram that outlines the routes from each cabin to the designated assembly stations based on the designed plans. Subsequently, necessary parameters for escape analysis are measured and recorded, and the analysis is conducted using an Excel-based program. This process is manual and time-consuming. Additionally, due to the frequent design changes characteristic of passenger ships, this process must be repeated multiple times. Hence, this study proposes a method to automate this analysis process. The proposed method in this study starts with a preprocessing step to extract key components from 2D drawings. Following this, it distinguishes spaces such as cabins, corridors, and doors within the processed drawings. Using the identified spaces, it then searches for the shortest evacuation routes from each cabin to the assembly station. Based on the identified routes, the method automatically performs the simplified evacuation analysis as prescribed by IMO regulations. Applying the algorithm for automated escape analysis to Ro-Pax vessels demonstrated that the analysis time per ship, which previously took about 15 days, can be reduced to less than 10 minutes.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.227-238
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• 2011

To investigate recognition and use of nutrition labeling on eating-out menus, self-recorded questionnaire was surveyed for 641 consumers who visited hamburger and pizza restaurants in Daejeon from May to July, 2010. Subjects were women of 51.3% and 92.9% aged 10s or 20s. Use frequency of hamburger and pizza restaurants was 2-3 times a month with 56.9%. Of subjects 41.0% knew nutrition labeling mandates of eating-out menus, 64.6% have seen nutrition labels of menus, and 44.5% read nutrition labels when purchasing. Among subjects who read nutrition labels, 67.0% (29.8% of total) referred to it when menu purchase and 60.4% (26.9% of total) experienced changing menu. The ratio of reading nutrition labels was different among gender, diet trial frequency and monthly eating-out cost. Reasons for not reading labels were "not interested in" or "never heard about" for 57.0%, and "not noticeable" for 28.7%. The ratio who read correctly all 3 pieces of information, such as calorie amount, daily value, and way of using daily value was 39.2%. Average number of correct reading was 2.13, which was different among gender, marital status, having children, diet trial frequency, monthly eating-out cost, the restaurants use frequency, and accompanying person. Many subjects wanted to be additionally provided with cholesterol and transfat. Therefore, practical and differentiated consumer educations considering consumer features are required for better nutrition labeling usage. Government's regulatory efforts and voluntary effort of eating-out companies, such as adding nutrients on labels and improving labeling places, are also necessary.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.61 no.8
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• pp.253-257
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• 2018

Purpose: Child safety seats (CSS) are critical for the protection of children, in case of motor vehicle accidents. Although the national legislation mandates that all newborns must be placed in an appropriately installed CSS during transportation, people often do not perceive the importance of CSS and do not use it as recommended. The purpose of this survey was to understand the use of CSS for the safe transport of newborns from hospital to home. Methods: We interviewed parents of newborn infants, using a structured questionnaire, at the time of their discharge from Cheil General Hospital & Women's Health Care Center, between May 2014 and July 2014. Results: A total of 403 participants were interviewed. The rate of CSS use was only 14.9%. Overall, 76.4% of the families interviewed were not aware about the recommendations on CSS use for newborns when travelling in a car. The provision of education on using CSS significantly influenced their rate of use. Parents who were educated about mounting the CSS in a car used it more as compared with others (25.7% vs. 12.2%) (P=0.002). Furthermore, if parents had heard about the importance or necessity of CSS, they used it more than others did (19.5% vs. 10.6%, P=0.032). Conclusion: Despite the legal regulation, most parents transport their newborn infants without a CSS while traveling from hospital to their home. The rate of CSS use was influenced by parental education and their knowledge about its necessity. Education programs for parents must be reinforced to increase the CSS use.