• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.402-406
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• 2018

In contrast to many of the malignant tumors that occur in the central nervous system in adults, the management, responses to therapy, and future perspectives of children with malignant lesions of the brain hold considerable promise. Within the past 5 years, remarkable progress has been made with our understanding of the basic biology of the molecular genetics of several pediatric malignant brain tumors including medulloblastoma, ependymoma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumour, and high grade glioma/diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. The recent literature in pediatric neuro-oncology was reviewed, and a summary of the major findings are presented. Meaningful sub-classifications of these tumors have arisen, placing children into discrete categories of disease with requirements for targeted therapy. While the mainstay of therapy these past 30 years has been a combination of central nervous system irradiation and conventional chemotherapy, now with the advent of high resolution genetic mapping, targeted therapies have emerged, and less emphasis is being placed on craniospinal irradiation. In this article, the present and future perspective of pediatric brain malignancy are reviewed in detail. The progress that has been made offers significant hope for the future for patients with these tumours.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.548-551
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• 1987

Thoracoscopy, mediastinoscopy and/or mediastinotomy and explo-thoracotomy were performed and confirmed diagnosis of the 26 cases of the mediastinal tumors, those were admitted and treated at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital, from June,1976 to September, 1986. We experienced 7 thoracoscopies, 7 mediastinoscopies &/or mediastinotomies, and 12 explo-thoracotomies. The most common histologic type was teratoma and lymphoma [6 cases]. Of the 26 cases of the histologically confirmed mediastinal tumor, 19 were benign tumors and 7 were malignants. 19 cases of benign tumors were surgically resected with good result but one case of the surgically resected malignant thymoma was recurred 4 months later. 6 cases of malignant lymphoma and one case of recurred malignant thymoma were treated with chemo-and radiation therapy. Thoracoscopy and mediastinoscopy with tissue biopsy were simple in procedure and had a tissue diagnosis with obtaining the pathologic tissue in a acceptable complication rate and reduced exploratory thoracotomy.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.338-344
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• 2021

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) are rare mesenchymal tumors that most commonly develop in the pleura; they rarely involve the diaphragm. MRI has not been widely used to evaluate SFTs of the thoracic cavity, though it may be highly useful in assessing local invasion, predicting malignant potential, and helping in the differential diagnosis. However, MRI findings of malignant SFTs of the diaphragmatic pleura have been described in only two cases. We report a rare case of a malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the diaphragmatic pleura in an 82-year-old man. We describe the clinical and characteristic imaging features, including computed tomography, conventional MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging. Contrast-enhanced MRI is more accurate than is CT in identifying the origin of SFTs, predicting whether they ae benign or malignant, and assessing local invasion. This imaging modality proved helpful in deciding on the treatment strategy for these rare tumors.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.745-749
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• 1990

A wide variety of histologically or clinically different tumors and cysts can occur from the many anatomical structures located within the mediastinum. We report the analysis of the 26 cases of mediastinal tumors and cysts, experienced in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University from March 1983 to February 1990. Sex ratio of male to female was 1:1.16 and mean age was 33.4 years. Malignant tumors were 8 cases[30.7%], benign tumors were 18 cases[69.2%] The most common histologic types were thymoma, 6 cases[23%] and teratoma, 6 cases [23%] followed by neurogenic tumor, 4 cases[15%] and mediastinal tuberculoma, 3 cases [11.5%]. The most frequent symptoms were chest pain and discomfort. Most of benign tumors were completely removed and malignant tumors were treated with anticancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy after operation. Postoperative complications were developed in 4 cases[15.3%] and hospital mortality was 3.8%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.594-601
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• 1983

Mediastinal tumors have long fascinated the thoracic surgeon because of their variety and unpredictability of diagnosis prior to exploration. We report the analysis of the 110 cases of mediastinal tumors, experienced in the dept. of the thoracic and cardiovascular surgery of the National Medical Center from December 1959 to August 1983. The age distribution was relatively even and the mean age was 37 years old. The germ cell tumors were 29 cases [31%], the neurogenic tumors were 19 cases [20%], the thymomas were 16 cases [17%], the lymphomas were 8 cases [8.5%], the primary or secondary carcinomas were 11 cases [12%], the bronchogenic and the P.W cysts were 4 cases, the mesenchymal tumors were 3 cases, the TB gangliomas were 3 cases among the 94 cases, histologically analysed. The malignant tumors were 39 cases [41%]. In classified by histological types, the tumor size, location and the clinical manifestations are presented. The successful removal was done in 53 cases [96%] among 55 cases of benign mediastinal tumors. In 39 malignant cases, the surgical intervention had been done in 21 cases [54%], and inoperable cases were 16 [41%], and the operative deaths were 2 cases [5%].

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2002

Purpose : To investigate the diagnostic significance of cortical changes in the bone of diseased jaws utilizing computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: Computed tomographic images of 91 patients, consisting of 7 osteomyelitis, 46 cysts, 18 benign tumors, and 20 malignant tumors, were analyzed. The pattern of cortical expansion was classified into three types: no expansion (N), buccal or lingual expansion (B/L), and buccolingual expansion (B & L). The pattern of cortical destruction was classified into four types: no destruction (N), point destruction (PO), gross destruction (GR), and permeative destruction (PE). The pattern of periosteal reaction was classified into four types: parallel, irregular, spicule, and Codmans triangle. The relationship between the pattern of cortical bone changes and diseases of the jaws was assessed. Results: When the pattern of cortical expansion was compared to diseases of the jaw, N-type was most prevalent in cases of osteomyelitis and malignant tumors, B/L-type with cysts, and B&L-types with benign tumors. Comparison between the pattern of cortical bone destruction with diseases of the jaw showed strong correlations between PO and PE-types to osteomyelitis, N-type with cysts, N and GR-types with benign tumors, and GR-type with malignant tumors. Finally, the relationship between the pattern of periosteal reaction to diseases of the jaw showed a strong correlation between parallel-type to osteomyelitis and spicule-type to malignant tumors. Conclusion : The pattern of cortical expansion and cortical destruction is useful in differentiating diseases of the jaws.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.353-353
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• 1997

Localized fibrous tumor of the pleura is a rare condition. Most follow a benign course and they are round as an incidental finding during routine chest X-ray. A small proportion of these tumors are malignant and have characteristic clinical and histopathological features. In this paper, we report three cases of localized fibrous tumors of the pleura, one malignant associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemia, the others benign. In a malignant case, the tumor was reseated through thoracotomy and the hypoglycemia was relieved immediately. In two benign cases, tumors on small pedicles were resected using video-assisted thoracic surgical technique.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.253.2-356
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• 1997

Localized fibrous tumor of the pleura is a rare condition. Most follow a benign course and they are round as an incidental finding during routine chest X-ray. A small proportion of these tumors are malignant and have characteristic clinical and histopathological features. In this paper, we report three cases of localized fibrous tumors of the pleura, one malignant associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemia, the others benign. In a malignant case, the tumor was reseated through thoracotomy and the hypoglycemia was relieved immediately. In two benign cases, tumors on small pedicles were resected using video-assisted thoracic surgical technique.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5899-5902
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• 2015

Background: To compare the current histologic distribution of lung cancer in Lebanon to the worldwide trends, according to the 2004 WHO Classification. Materials and Methods: 1,760 patients with a pulmonary pathology examination at Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital between July 2009 and July 2014 were included. Results: Some 676 out of the total investigated patients (38.4%) had a lung tumor. In 665 (98.4%) the tumors were malignant, with a mean age at diagnosis of 63.8 years and a male/female (M/F) sex ratio of 1.7:1. Among the malignant tumors, 86.2% were epithelial tumors with a mean age at diagnosis of 64.8 years and an M/F sex ratio of 1.9. Other malignant tumors consisted of metastatic tumors (10.2%), lymphoproliferative tumors (2.1%) and mesenchymal tumors (1.5%). Most common carcinoma subtypes were adenocarcinoma (48.0%), squamous cell carcinoma (23.0%) and small cell carcinoma (13.3%). Carcinoid tumors were the only carcinoma subtype with an M/F sex ratio below 1 (0.7). Salivary gland tumors were the carcinoma with lowest mean age at diagnosis (45.5 years). Conclusions: The histologic distribution of lung tumors in Lebanon is similar to that in developed countries. We believe this resemblance is due to common smoking habits, known to be responsible for the increase of lung adenocarcinoma at the expense of other subtypes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.988-994
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• 1998

Background: Chest wall tumors can classified into soft tissue tumors and bone tissue tumors and can be subclassified into benign and malignant tumors. Materials and methods: We report an analysis of 68 patients with primary chest wall tumors treated at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery at Hanyang University Hospital from January, 1973 to September 1997. Results: Among a total of 68 patients 33(48.5%) were males and 35(51.5%) were females. The ages of the patients ranged from 10 to 79 years with a mean age of 39.3 years. According to the age distribution, 23 patients (33.8%) were from the 4th decade, 12 patients(17.6%) were from the 6th decade, and 10 patients(14.7%) were from the 5th decade. Among the primary chest wall tumors, 53 cases were benign and 15 cases were malignant. Among the benign tumors, 17 cases(32.1%) were in the 4th decade and among the malignant tumors, 6 cases(40%) were in the 4th decade. In both malignant and benign tumors the most common ages were in the 4th decade. The most common tumors were fibrous dysplasia and chondroma, each with a total of 14 cases(26.4%). Osteochondroma and lipoma each had 8 cases(15.1%). Among malignant tumors, osteosarcoma was most common with 8 cases (53.3%). According to location, 49 cases occured in both bone and cartilage tissue, 19 cases occurred in cartilage. Among the presenting symptoms, palpable mass was present in all cases. Fifty-one patients complained of tenderness and among cases with involvement of the lung, 3 patients had complained of respiratory distress. Among the malignant tumors 6 cases underwent a radical operation and 4 cases of benign tumors underwent a radical operation. Postoperativly, there was one case with recurrence from a desmoid tumor. There were no deaths postoperativly and no deaths due to complications(and their postoperative courses were uneventful). Conclusions: Most patients with primary chest wall tumors initially present with mass at admission. Resection is sufficient treatment for benign tumors but in malignant tumors wide resection of the chest wall is needed and mchest wall reconstruction.