• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2003

Recently, the occurrence and death rates of cancer have increased rapidly. In oriental medicine, the tongue gives some kind of special physiological information on human body. Oriental medical doctors have used information about the color, degree of wetness and shape of the patient's tongue to determine patient's disease and body condition. This fact leads us that the tongue image is one of the most important clinical data for helping doctor's decision making. It also has significant meaning to cancer patients related with traditional theory of oriental medicine. In diagnosis and treatment of cancer, tongue diagnosis can give some prognosis and change o cancer. It also detect the sign of early stage cancer, but it cannot diagnose the kind of cancer and/or benign or malignant. Nowadays BioTechnology(BT) has developed rapidly, but there are a lot of limits(economy, accuracy, clinical significance, etc). Tongue diagnosis is very economic and practical way of diagnose and has a lot of possibility of development. The need for doctors and it also helps the development of tongue diagnosis related with cancer.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.301-311
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• 2020

Object : To investigate which diseases the utilization of various vegetable oils were used and how they were used for treatment, and to change and develop vegetable oil combined prescriptions so that the Korean medical treatment effect in clinical practice can be enhanced. Methods : All words containing oil(油) were searched and selected oils used for simple prescription and oil combined prescription. Aii of animal oils such as butter(酥油), Suis oil(猪油), Anceris oil(鴈油), and Actonis caro oil(猯油) were excludIt is suggested to develop a new formulation by succeeding the utilization methods of various effects of sesame oil and other vegetable oils.ed. All selected oils were classified as sesame oil(麻油)(inclusive, 脂麻油, 胡麻油, 香油, 淸油) or other vegetable oils. Result : 1. In 『Donguibogam』(『東醫寶鑑』), 14 other vegetable oils were used to 23 prescriptions. 2. Sesame oil was used to 187 prescriptions over 41 disease categories as of 20 effects described in the 『Zhenghebencao』(『政和本草』). 3. In 28 prescriptions, sesame oil was also used for hygiene and prevention, emetic, preparating herbs and so on. Conclusion : The 101 prescriptions used for medicinal auxiliary materials are due to the efficacy of treatments of malignant furuncles, sores, scabies, promoting regeneration of tissue and flesh, reliving pain, dispersing abscess and swelling and supplementing fissured skin. In 『Donguibogam』(『東醫寶鑑』), the unique efficacy of each vegetable oil and sesame oil was used in various ways and preparation forms to treat various diseases. It is suggested to develop a new formulation by succeeding the utilization methods of various effects of sesame oil and other vegetable oils.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.109-112
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• 2009

Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the lower lip is the most common malignant tumor comprising 90% of all lip SCC. The typical picture of SCC of the lower lip is of an ulcerated lesion with raised margins. Surgery is the treatment of choice for SCC of lower lip. Depending on the location and size of the tumor, different types of flaps are used. We used new method - 'both buccal mucosa transposition flap' for the reconstruction of the near total mucosal defect of the lower lip. Methods: This 67 - year - old men presented with the crusted $1cm{\times}1cm$ sized ulceration of the lower lip that was arised 30 years ago. There were no size and color change, except the bleeding and ulceration. At first, We diagnosed the SCC through the incisinal biopsy. Then We performed the wide excision of the tumor and reconstruction of the lower lip. After the excision of the whole tumor, the defect was measured at $8cm{\times}3.5cm$. We designed the buccal mucosa transposition flap taking care to avoid the parotid duct. The flap was made in a triangular shape for the reconstruction of defected lower lip. The donor site defect can be sutured primarily. Results: A patient in this study had no postoperative complications such as necrosis, dehiscence, infection of the flap or donor site. Reconstructed lower lip is relatively close to that of the natural lip; More satisfactory aesthetic and functional results can be obtained by using this technique rather than other techniques. Conclusion: 'Both buccal mucosa transposition flap' is reliable method for the reconstruction of the large lower lip mucosal defect. The operation is simple and performed in one stage, with no postoperative complications. This technique can offer consistently good functional and esthetic outcomes after reconstruction of lower lip mucosal defect.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.429-434
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• 2019

The gonads are directly affected by radiation exposure during radiography of the pelvis, abdomen, and spine. Exposure of the gonads to radiation can cause genetic mutations and can result in the occurrence of malignant tumors. In this study, we created three types of shielding material shapes for shielding of the ovaries, which are the gonads of female during radiography of the pelvis, and comparative evaluations using shadow shielding methods. The source surface distance(SSD) was 100 cm and the field size was 42 cm × 43 cm. The three types of shielding material shapes(type 1, 2 and 3) were assessed and the entrance surface dose in the ovaries were measured. The thickness of the shielding material was expanded from 0.3 mm to 2.4 mm and after five repetitions, radiation values were measured and mean values were calculated. The mean dose were 3.09 mGy for type 1, 3.54 mGy for type 2, and 3.19 mGy for type 3, indicating that the measurements were the lowest for type 1. When an additional filter of 0.2 Cu + 1 Al was used, the dose were 3.72 mGy for type 1, 5.43 mGy for type 2, and 4.05 mGy for type 3, indicating that the measurements were the lowest for type 1. The results show that, even if the shielding material is not thick, in other words, even with a thickness of 2.94 mGy for the SN 3(0.9 mm) of type 1, shielding can be achieved, with a patient dose lower than the diagnostic reference level(3.42 mGy). Additionally, among the three types of shielding material, the type 1 appeared to be the most appropriate shielding material. It is thought that the use of shielding material could reduce the risk factors for stochastic effects or critical effects of ionizing radiation during pelvic or lumbar radiography.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.102-105
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• 1994

The indolent course of most thyroid papillary carcinomas, even the presence of regional lymph node metastasis, make them unique among human malignant head and neck cancers. Age, sex, extracapsular invasion and anaplastic change are known to be correlated with prognosis. The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of DNA content analysis as a prognostic factor. Twenty five thyroid papillary carcinomas were possible to be examined by flow cytometric analysis using fresh surgical specimens and three nodular hyperplasias and seven follicular adenomas were included as control group. The results were as follows: l) All of twenty five thyroid papillary carcinomas showed diploidy. 2) S-phase fraction was $1.94{\pm}2.77%$ in normal control group and $2.60{\pm}2.66%$ in papillary carcinoma group. The proliferation index was $8.44{\pm}3.89%$ in normal control and $7.70{\pm}3.63%$ in papillary carcinoma group with even low value. 3) Age, sex, extracapsular spread and lymph node metastasis showed no significant difference. In conclusion, low proliferative activity of thyroid papillary carcinomas are thought to be related with good prognosis.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2008

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare reactive lesion characterized by the feature of myofibroblasts and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate that rarely undergoes malignant transformation. Extrapulmonary IMTs in children have been described involving the mesentery, omentum, retroperitoneum, abdominal soft tissues, liver, bladder, mediastinum, head and neck, extremity, appendix, and kidney. Medical records of children treated with abdominal IMT between 1985 and 2005 were reviewed retrospectively. Seven children were treated for IMT with the mean age of 3 y 2 m (range, 1 y 1 m to 14 y). Tumors were located in transverse mesocolon (n=2), omentum (n=1), porta hepatis (n=2), complex site (antrum, duodenum, common bile duct, porta hepatis) (n=2). The symptoms included abdominal mass, fever, jaundice, abdominal pain and anemia. The masses were excised totally in transverse mesocolon, omentum IMT and there is no evidence of recurrence (follow-up periods: 6 y 8 m, 8 y 9 m, 4 y 10 m). In porta hepatis IMT, liver transplantations were performed and there is no evidence of recurrence (follow period: 6 y 8 m, 8 y 7 m). In one case of complex site IMT, partial excision of mass was performed and he still survived with no change of the residual tumor during follow-up period. The other one of complex site IMT denied further treatment after the biopsy. In conclusion, complete surgical excision including liver transplantation and close follow-up are mandatory for the abdominal IMT in child.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.92-96
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• 2006

A benign metastasizing pulmonary leiomyoma(BMPL) is a rare disease that is usually detected years after a hysterectomy or myomectomy. Despite the benign pathological appearance, these tumors can metastasize and become clinically malignant. Recently, we experienced case of BMPL with hemoptysis. A 43-year-old woman, who had undergone a hysterectomy due to uterine leiomyoma 8 years ago, visited our department complaining of intermittent hemoptysis. A chest CT showed bilateral multiple nodular lesions. Video-associated thoracoscopy was performed. The resected small nodular lesion revealed the proliferation of spindle cells without mitosis or nuclear atypism. The lesions tested positive to the smooth muscle marker (actin) by immunohistochemical staining. Therefore, the multiple nodules were considered as benign metastasizing pulmonary leiomyoma from a uterine leiomyoma. GnRH analogue therapy was initiated. A chest CT showed that the size and number of pulmonary lesions did not change after 3 months, and the patient was symptom free.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.667-678
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• 2016

Due to a development of the cable/wireless network infra, the traffic as big as unable to compare with the past is being served through the internet, the traffic is increasing every year following the change of the network paradigm such as the object internet, especially the traffic of about 1.6 zettabyte is expected to be distributed through the network in 2018. As the network traffic increases, the performance of the security infra is developing together to deal with the bulk terabyte traffic in the security equipment, and is generating hundreds of thousands of security events every day such as hacking attempt and the malignant code. Efficiently analyzing and responding to an event on the attack attempt detected by various kinds of security equipment of company is one of very important assignments for providing a stable internet service. This study attempts to overcome the limit of study such as the detection of Tor network traffic using the existing low-latency by classifying the anonymous network by means of the suggested algorithm about the event detected in the security infra.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 1991

The immune staus is known to be decreased in malignant disease and radiation therapy (RT), used as a therapeutic tool, further decrease this-attenuated immune status. We measured the number of peripheral lymphocytes, its subsets and lymphoblast transformation for PPD, PHA, monoclonal antibodies including anti-CD3 and anti-CD2 before and after RT in 19 patients with squamous cell lung cancer to search the fine mechanism behind the RT-induced attenuation of lymphoblast transformtion for mitogens and antigen. The results were as follows; 1) The number of lymphocytes and its subsets decreased significantly after RT, but the percentages of lymhocyte subsets did not change aftr RT except interleukin-2 receptor positive T lymphocytes. 2) The function of lymphoctes, measured by lymphoblast tranformation for PHA and PPD, decrased after RT and the compositions of PBMC used for lymphoblast transformtion were not different before and after RT. 3) The mitosis of lymphocytes to anti-CD2 or anti-CD3 decreased significantly after RT. And IL-2 plus anti-CD3 increased the mitosis than that of anti-CD3 only after RT, but before RT there was no difference. In conclusion, we suggested the fine mechanism behind the RT-induced attenuation of immune response might be the dysfunction of lymphocytes in terms of impaired synthesis of IL-2 rather than the decrease of circulating lymphocyte numbers.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.670-679
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• 2002

1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU, carmustine) is one of the effective chemotherapeutic agents which has been used clinically for treating malignant glioma. Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA, molecular weight: 20000 g/mole. mole ratio of lactide to glycolide 75 : 15) is a well known biodegradable polymer used as a drug carrier for drug delivery system. In this study, we investigated the BCNU release behaviour of BCNU-loaded PLGA wafers containing poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) or polyethyleneoxide (PEO) and the effect of hydrophilic polymers incoporated in the wafers. BCNU-loaded PLGA microparticles with or without hydrophilic polymers were prepared by a spray drying method and fabricated into wafers by direct compression. Encapsulation efficiency of BCNU-loaded PLGA microparticles containing PVP and PEO was 85 ∼ 97% and crystallinity of BCNU encapsulated in PLGA decreased significantly initial release amount and release rate of BCNU increased with the increasing PVP or PEO amount. Morphological change and mass loss of wafers during the release test were confirmed that hydration and degradation of PLGA would be facilitated with an increase of hydrophilic polymers.