• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2018

김치가 세계 5대 건강식품으로 선정되어 세계인의 주목을 받게 되면서 갓의 수요도 점점 증가하고 있어 다양한 갓품종의 육성이 절실히 요구되는 실정이다. 그러나 아직 품종보급 체계가 미흡하여 자가 채종에 의한 자식약세현상, 순도저하, 상품의 불균일 등의 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 본 실험에서는 갓의 F1 품종 육성체제를 갖추기 위하여 유전자원으로 수집한 갓의 순계분리와 자식계통의 육성, 웅성불임인자의 도입을 통하여 고품질의 갓을 육성하기 위하여 각 조합을 공시하여 조합능력을 검정하고(인도자사이${\times}$고흥담양)조합과 (분리 MS 유기계-MS910${\times}$일본 적자색갓 8${\times}$강화갓 9) 분리계 조합이 우수하다고 판단되어 양친으로 선발하였다. PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)과 염기서열 분석을 통해 CMS type을 확인해 본 결과, MS계통 MSLS와 MSLC는 갓에서 보고된 orf263, orf220 및 orf288 CMS 유전자를 미토콘드리아 DNA에 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 최종적으로 생산력검정 및 농가 실증시험을 실시하였다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.550-558
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• 2015

To analyze the linkage relationships among molecular markers recently reported to be linked to onion (Allium cepa L.) Ms, a restorer-of-fertility locus, in onion (Allium cepa L.), three single nucleotide polymorphism markers were converted into cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers based on onion transcriptome sequences and the rice genome database. Analysis of the recombinants selected from 4,273 segregating plants using CAPS and other linked markers demonstrated the jnurf13 and jnurf610 markers to perfectly co-segregate with the Ms locus. In contrast to jnurf13, the jnurf610 marker was not in perfect linkage disequilibrium with the Ms locus in diverse breeding lines. Thus, the jnurf13 marker and the marker for identification of cytoplasm types were utilized to enhance the efficiency of onion breeding through four applications. First, 89 maintainer lines containing the normal cytoplasm and homozygous recessive Ms genotypes were successfully identified from 100 breeding lines. Second, these two molecular markers were used to analyze the main sources of male-fertile contaminants frequently found in the male-sterile parental lines during F1 hybrid seed production. The majority of the contaminants contained heterozygous Ms genotypes, indicating that pollen grains harboring the dominant Ms genotype may have been introduced during propagation of the maintainer lines. Therefore, the genetic purity of the two maintainer lines was analyzed in the third application, and the results showed that both maintainer lines contained 13-21% off-types. Finally, the two markers were used to increase the seed yield potentials of two open-pollinated varieties containing sterile cytoplasms by removing the plants harboring homozygous recessive and heterozygous Ms genotypes.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2017

Objectives: Aging is an unconscious and gradual process that can lead to changes in biological systems. Induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis, hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity are involved in the aging process. Regarding the antioxidant property of black seed oil, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-aging effect of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) oil on d-galactose-induced aging in mice. Methods: For induction of aging, D-galactose (500 mg/kg, subcoutaneously SC) was administrated to male mice for 42 days. Animals were treated with D-galactose alone or with b lack seed oil (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneally (ip)). Additionally, vitamin E (200 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. At the end of treatment, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and the glutathione (GSH) contents in brain and liver tissues were measured. Also, enzymes in serum, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT), were determined. The levels of the proteins Bax, Bcl2, caspase-3 (pro and cleaved) in brain and liver tissues were evaluated. Results: Administration of D-galactose (500 mg/kg, SC) for 42 days increased serum levels of ALT and AST, as well as the MDA content, in brain and liver tissues, but decreased the GSH content. Additionally, the levels of apoptotic proteins, including Bax, procaspase-3 and caspase-3 cleaved, were markedly increased. N. sativa oil (0.1 and 0.2 mL/kg) diminished the levels of the biochemical markers ALT and AST. Administration of black seed oil (0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mL/kg) reduced lipid peroxidation and at doses 0.1 and 0.2 mL/kg significantly recovered the GSH content. The oil decreased Bax/Bcl2 levels and at 0.1 mL/kg down-regulated the expressions of caspase-3 (pro and cleaved) proteins in brain and liver tissues. Conclusion: Through its antioxidant and anti-apoptosis properties, black seed oil exhibited an anti-aging effect in a model of aging induced with D-galactose.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.198-204
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the feeding mixture of linesed oil, rich in n-3 PUFA and the sunflower seed oil, rich in n-6 PUFA on the lipid metabolism in the dietary hypprlidemic rats. After male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced hyperlipidemia by feeding the diet containing lard, butter, and cholesterol for 3 weeks, then they were fed with the diet containing lard 3.0% and butter 12.0% for control, the mixture in different proportion of both linseed oil and sunflower seed oil, and antihyperlipidemic durgs for 2 weeks. Analysis of the lipid component and the fatty acid composition of the liver showed following results. Concentration s of the total cholesterol and phospholipid in liver were significantly higher in group 2 (olive oil 12.0%) and lower in the other groups than in the control group, especially lower in groups 3 (cholestyramine 2.0%) and 9 (sunflower seed oil 12.0%) . Concentration of triglyceride was lower in the other groups except group 4 (liparoid), especially lowe rin group 9 than in the control group. In the fatty acid composition of liver lipids, C18:2 was the major fatty acid. Contents of n-6 PUFA increased , while those of n-3 PUFA decreased in groups composition of the test lipids. From the data on concentration s of total cholesterol. Phospholipid and triglyceride in liver, we concluded that the feeding mixed with 3.0% lard and 12.0 % sunflower seed oil were most effective for the improvement of the live lipids. The fatty acid composition in liver lipids were affected by the fatty acid composition of the test lipids.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.625-631
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• 1999

A study was carried out to investigate the effects of safflower seed powder on the improvement of lipid metabolism in high fat and high cholesterol fed rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats of 10 weeks old, weighing 325$\pm$5g, were divided into two groups; the control group(C group, high fat(10% lard) and high cholesterol(1% cholesterol)) and safflower seed group(S group, 10% safflower seed powder), they were fed experimental diets for 6 weeks. Food intake, body weight gains and organ weight had little differences between the groups. Concentration of lipoprotein in serum was remarkably lower in S group than in C group. Serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in S group(72.94$\pm$4.08 mg/dl) than in C group(89.41$\pm$4.19mg/dl). The level of serum HDL cholesterol was higher in S group than in C group. The level of serum LDL C was significantly lower in S group than in C group. The ratio of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol were higher in the S group than in the C group, too. The value of atherogenic index(AI) was determined to be low in S group. The content of liver triglyceride and cholesterol in the S group was lower than that of C group. ACAT activities which involves in cholesterol esterification in liver, was not significantly different between two groups.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.966-972
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• 2005

A study to compare the effects of supplementing Delonix elata, Grewia similis, Tamarindus indica and sunflower seed cake on intake and growth rate of dual-purpose goats fed low quality Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) hay was carried out. Twenty-eight male goats aged five to seven months (mean weight 12.93${\pm}$3.94 kg) were randomly allocated to four dietary groups in a completely randomised design. The diets were hay plus Grewia similis, hay plus Delonix elata, hay plus Tamarindus indica and hay plus sunflower seed cake. All diets were supplemented with maize bran. The experimental period was 90 days. Voluntary dry matter intake of the supplements was higher for Tamarindus indica (275.5 g/day) and Grewia similis (201.8 g/day) and lowest for sunflower seed cake (81g/day). Goats supplemented with Grewia similis had the highest hay intake (183.8 g/day) while those supplemented with sunflower seed cake had the lowest hay intake (98.9 g/day). Animals fed browse supplements gained significantly more weight (p<0.001) than those with sunflower seed cake. There were no significant differences in live weight change between goats fed the different browses. However, those fed Tamarindus indica gained an average of 20.79 g/d which was slightly higher than the gains for those on Grewia similis and Delonix elata while those fed sunflower seed cake lost weight. Correspondingly, goats supplemented with browse leaf meals had higher feed conversion ratios than those supplemented with sunflower seed cake and required 23.91 to 35.06 g DM of feed to produce one g of weight gain per day. In a separate study, the DM disappearance pattern indicated that Grewia similis and Delonix elata were highly degradable compared to Tamarindus indica. At 24 h of incubation, DM degradability was 627, 588 and 345 g/kg DM for Grewia similis, Delonix elata and Tamarindus indica, respectively. In another study in vivo DM digestibility ranged from 46.1% (for hay alone) to 56.2% (for hay plus Grewia similis). It was concluded that the addition of Tamarindus indica, Grewia similis and Delonix elata leaf meals to Cenchrus ciliaris hay resulted in increased total DM intake, in vivo digestibility and growth rate. Therefore, leaf meals of indigenous browses particularly Tamarindus indica and Grewia similis could be used as supplementary feeds for small ruminants grazing on poor quality roughages during the dry season rather than use of expensive, less effective and intermittently available sunflower seed cake.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2003

The current study investigated the effect of Korean safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed powder and its water and ethanol extracts on bone metabolism during recovery from rib-fracture induced by surgical operation in rats. 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 320 g were divided into 9 groups after arrival: 10d control (AIN 76 semi-purified diet), 10d safflower seed powder (10d SS-powder), 10d safflower seed ethanol extract (10d SS-EtOH), 10d safflower seed water extract (10d SS-$H_2O$), 20d control (AIN-76 semi-purified diet), 20d safflower heed powder (20d SS-powder), 20d safflower seed ethanol extract (20d SS-EtOH), 20d safflower seed water extract (20d SS-$H_2O$), and 20d sham-operation (20d sham), The dietary level for all the supplements was 5% based on the raw material weight. The rats were fed the experimental diets for 10 days before the rib fracture operation and for a further 10 or 20 days after the operation. A number 9 rib was fractured surgically and a sham-operation also performed. The rats were then sacrificed on the l0th or 20th day after the operation. The body weight initially decreased after the operation in all the rib-fractured groups, then gradually recovered. The concentrations of plasma osteocalcin were higher in the control group than in all the safflower-supplemented groups 10 and 20 days after the rib-fracture (p < 0.05). The bone-specific ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity was significantly higher in the SS-EtOH group than in the other groups 20 days after the rib-fracture (p < 0.05). The level of urinary DPD (deoxypridinoline) was significantly higher in the SS-EtOH and SS-$H_2O$ groups than in the other groups 10 days after the rib-fracture. When comparing the PTH (parathyroid hormone) and calcitonin levels, the SS-$H_2O$ group exhibited the highest PTH level among the groups 10 and 20 days after the rib-fracture. Thus, it was concluded that the bone turnover during the fracture-healing period was more rapid in the rats supplemented with safflower seed powder or its fractions than in the control rats. Furthermore, the SS-$H_2O$ fraction was identified as the most effective in stimulating bone remodeling, as bone resorption and bone formation were both significantly increased during fracture healing when compared to the control group.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.609-613
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• 1997

The reproductive performance of forty two male broilers divided into three similar groups and fed on isocaloric and isonitrogneous diets containing 0, 10 or 20% water washed neem seed kernel meal (WWNSKM) was investigated from 20 to 32-wks of age. Results on semen characteristics revealed that feeding of WWNSKM led to significant (p < 0.05) reduction in semen volume, sperm concentration associated with increased incidences of morphological abnormalities in the spermatozoa when compared to that of the control birds. A drastic reduction in the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa was observed, the adverse effects being more at higher inclusion level of the cake. Hatchability of eggs also declined in the WWNSKM fed group. Histological examination of testes revealed a higher number of degenerating cells and poor spermatogenesis along with multinucleated giant cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes of birds receiving the high dose of WWNSKM in diet. It may be concluded that the feeding of WWNSKM by incorporating in isocaloric and isonitrogneous diets to cockerels is associated with adverse effect on their fertility.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 1960

P. japonica가 분류학에서 말하는거와 같이 리웅이주가 않이고 이형호장물이라는 것을 훌견하고 수년간 이 식물의 장주화개체, 단주화개체간의 화기의 형태, 수정력, 화분관의 행동 및 L, S주의 화분의 임, 불임등을 조사해 보았드니 이 식물은 이형수장물중에서도 L, S주간의 분화가 가장 심하게 되어 있어 일부기관이나 기능은 웅웅이주와 같이 변해버린 특수한 이형수장물이라는 것이 명백히 되었고 이 장물은 장물조포체세대의 성의 분화가 생기는데 이형현상을 거쳐서 되는 경우도 있지 않나 하는 것을 가정케하는 한 증거가 될수 있다고 생각된다. 또한 여뀌과의 다른 이형예장물인 F. esculentum이나 P. senticosa와 비교해 보면 이 장물이 가장 L, S 주간의 분화가 심하고 F. esculentum은 중간, P. senticosa는 가장 미분화상태에 있어 삼종외 여뀌과 이형예장물간에 그 분화의 정도에 gradation이 생겨 있다. 이제 실험결과릎 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) P. japonica는 화주장, 화사장, 등의 제일차의 형태적 차이뿐만 않이라 제이차적 형이도 대단히 심한 Dimorphism을 나타내고 있다. 2) L, S주의 화기의 차이는 동과의 타이형예작물에 비해 극경호 분화되어 있다. 3) L, S주의 웅예를 보면 S주는 대단히 발달되어 있는 반면에 L주의 웅예는 애예된것 같은 느낌을 주고 있다. 4) 적법수분에 의하면 L, S주가 다 결실이 잘 되지만 불적법수분에서는 수정결실이 전혀 안된다. 수정생리상으로도 뚜렷한 이형예작물이다. 5) 자가가임의 성질 또는 동형화간의 수정력은 완전히 상실하고 있다. 여뀌과의 타이형예작물과는 이 점에 차이가 심하다. 6) 자연상태하에 있어서는 S주는 결실이 거이 안되어 마치 \ulcorner주와와 같은 외관을 나태내고 있다. 7) 인공수분에서는 $L{\times}S$나 $S{\times}L$ 주 수정결실이 다 되어 S주의 행동은 자연상태하에서 와는 대단히 상이하다. 8) L주에 비해 S주는 수정후 용과가 더 심하다. 9) 화분관의 행동은 수정력과 완전히 일치된다. 즉 L-selfing, $L{\times}L$, S-selfing, $S{\times}S$등의 부적법 수분에서는 화분관은 화주의 미중에서 정지되지만 $L{\times}S$, $S{\times}L$,에서는 수분 약 40-50분 후이면 화분관은 자방까지 도달된다. 10) S주는 웅본으로 오인되어 있지만 인위적법수분을 하면 수정력이나 화분관의 행동은 L주에서와 동일하다. 11) S화분은 완전하지만 L화분은 약 70%가 내용공허한 Adortive pollen 이다. 12) L화분중 나머지 30%도 S화분에 비해서 염색도가 낮은것이 많고 S화분 같이 농염되는 것은 극히 소수이다. 13) 본장물은 분화가 고도로 진행된 전형적인 이형예작물이여 마치 Dimorphism 에서 Dioecious 에로 이행되는 수가 있다는 것을 표시하는 증거가 되는 것 같다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.326-329
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• 1996

In order to synthesize Ba-ferrite fine particles by molten salt method and inhibit the abnormal grain growth of sintered specimen, KCI anti NaCl were added to basic composition to 50% by weight, and added 1 male% of $SiO_2$ to control the shape of Ba-ferrite particles. $H_{c}$ and $M_{r}$ were decreased when F $e^{3+}$ was substituted with $Co_{2+}$ and $Ti_{4+}$ from x=0 to x=1.0 in $BaFe_{12-2x}$ $Ti_{x}$ $Co_{x}$ $O_{19}$ , and 1 mole% $SiO_2$ increased the size but shortened c-axis of hexagonal ferrite. Seeds added in Ba-ferrite particle effected inhibition of abnormal grain growth during sintering.ing.g.