• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual state of and the factors in relation to drinking and smoking of elementary school. The subject for this study consisted of 604 students of six elementary schools located in Pusan. The data were collected by using a anonymous questionnaire during the period from Nov. 1, 1998 to Nov. 15, 1998. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. The rate of drinking of the whole respondents was 20.7% (male 25.4%, female 15.6%), the rate of smoking was 8.1%(male 11.7%, female 4.2%). The user of drink and cigarets together showed 5.6%. 2. The school year of the first drinking and smoking was most at the 5th grade in elementary school(drinking 24.8%, smoking 20.4%). The motivation of beginning drinking and smoking was curiosity for the most part(32.0%, 61.2%). As to a way to get drink and cigarets, using a thing in the house' was most(82.2%). As to a used place, their own home or their friends' home showed 32.2% for the most part. Companion was mostly alone(84.0%). 3. Those who had experience of drinking and smoking took more positive attitude toward drinker and smoker, were more hospitable to exhortation to drinking and smoking, and were more positive about the late intention of drinking and smoking, but his desire for health education was lower than not. And he showed overlooking or keeping step with his friend's drinking and smoking. 4. In the results so far investigated difference of drinking and smoking according to a general tendency of respondents. The experience of drinking was related to sex distinction (P=0.003) and the marital status of parents (P=0.001). And the experience of smoking had relation to sex distinction(P=0.001), the marital status of parents(P=0.001), the parent's attitude of bring up(P=0.020) and making use of leisure (P=0.029)(P<.05).

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.141-151
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• 2019

Objectives: The outcomes of the treatment of unilateral cleft lip can vary considerably due to variations in repair techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare treatment outcomes of surgical repair of unilateral cleft lip using either the Tennison-Randall or Millard technique based on (qualitative) parent/subject and professional assessments. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled study conducted at Lagos University Teaching Hospital between January 2013 and July 2014. A total of 56 subjects with unilateral cleft lip presenting for primary surgery who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Subjects were randomly allocated to surgical groups A or B through balloting. Group A underwent cleft repair with the Tennison-Randall technique, while group B underwent cleft repair with the Millard rotation advancement technique. Surgical outcome was assessed using qualitative evaluation by the guardian/subject and independent assessors based on a modified form of the criteria described by Christofides and colleagues. Results: Of the 56 subjects enrolled in this study, 32 were male, with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Fifteen of the guardians/subjects in the Tennison-Randall group were most bothered about the lower part of the residual lip scar, while 12 guardians/subjects in the in the Millard group were most bothered about the upper part of the scar. More noses were judged to be flattened in the Millard group than in the Tennison-Randall group. Assessors observed a striking disparity in scar transgression of the philtral ridges between the two groups. Conclusion: Essentially, there were no major difference in the overall results between Millard rotation-advancement and Tennison-Randall repairs. Both Millard and Tennison-Randall's techniques require significant improvements to improve the appearance of the scar on the upper part and lower part of the lip, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2024

Background & Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between subjective health perception and health behaviors among adolescents, utilizing raw data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021) while distinguishing between genders. Methods: The study employed data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2020), recruiting students from 1st to 3rd grades in middle and high schools nationwide. Through population stratification, sample distribution, and sampling stages, a final sample of 1,065 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years was selected. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) at a significance level of .05. Results: Regarding the general characteristics of the subjects, no statistically significant differences were observed among male students based on school, family structure, and income. However, among female students, a significant difference in subjective health perception was noted, with higher perception among high school students compared to middle school students (p=.001). Significant differences in health behaviors were identified based on family structure for male adolescents, where those living with both parents exhibited more health-promoting behaviors than single-parent adolescents (p=.011). However, no significant difference was observed among female adolescents. In terms of health behaviors related to gender, regular exercise was found to significantly impact subjective health perception in male adolescents (p=.013), while breakfast habits were identified as significant influencers for female adolescents (p<.001). Conclusions: This study revealed gender differences in subjective health perception and health behaviors among adolescents. Based on these findings, there is a perceived need for the development of health promotion programs tailored to the unique needs of male and female adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.89-98
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• 2012

This study examined the consciousness of husbands and wives on babies' cries and its factors which have impacts on their emotional perceptions. For this study, infants' cries were recorded with the participation of 136 pregnant women and 76 husbands, and they conducted self-evaluations regarding their emotional perceptions and personal characteristics. The stimulus used to exhibit the cries of infants were from eighteen recorded cry sample under three situations (hunger, pain, and mother's absence) with six healthy infants (three male and three female) who are over six months. Also, this study dealt with the relationship between emotional assessment and the personal characteristics of mothers and fathers. As a result, the experience of child-rearing has a positive influence on the emotional cry perceptions of husbands and wives, and there was no sex difference in their emotional cry perceptions. A change of recognition, "being parents," has impacts on emotional cry perceptions, but the major factors increasing these impacts depend on the physiological changes of pregnant women and their personal characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.125-141
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• 2017

Objective: This study examined the effects of grandfathers' positive parenting behavior, and fathers' positive parenting behavior on school-age boys' school adjustment. Methods: A total of 217 5th and 6th grade male elementary school students (126 5th graders and 91 6th graders) and their fathers living in Seoul and Gyeongnam province participated in the study. The data were analyzed using correlations, and structural equation modeling. Results: Grandfathers' positive parenting behavior indirectly influenced boys' school adjustment through their fathers' positive parenting behavior. It means that fathers who perceived their fathers' parenting behavior as more positive showed a higher level of positive parenting behavior, which led to a more positive school adjustment for their sons. Conclusion/Implications: These results uncovered the pathways from grandfathers' positive parenting behavior to school-age boys' school adjustment through their fathers' positive parenting behavior in an aspect of the intergenerational transmission of parenting. In addition, these findings have implications for future research of developing intervention programs for school-age boys' school adjustment and parent education programs to facilitate fathers' positive parenting behavior for school-age children's school adjustment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.10 s.212
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• pp.91-102
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• 2005

This study investigated differences in the level of delinquent behaviors depending on family structures among adolescents. The subjects were 552 middle and high school students living in Seoul and Incheon, of whom 247 were being raised by single-parents and 305 by non-divorced parents. All respondents answered by self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed by t-test, Scheffe test, ANOVA and two-way ANOVA. The major findings were as follows. First, the level of adolescents' delinquent behaviors differed by sex and age. High school students tended to be more engaged in violence and status delinquent behaviors than middle school students. Male students were more likely to engage in social, sex and properly delinquent behaviors than female students. Second, there were differences in the level of delinquent behaviors depending on family structures among the adolescents. Mostly, adolescents with non-divorced parents were less delinquent than those with a single parent. Third, among the adolescents from a divorced family, then whose parents had been divorced for 1-2 years had the highest score in sex and property delinquent behaviors.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.208-220
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the mediating effects of self-esteem on the relationship of college students' parental acceptance-rejection rearing attitude and aggression according to gender. Methods: This study was conducted as a descriptive survey. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire from the 1st to 20th of November 2017, and questionnaires from 266 college students were used in the analysis using a Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, simple and multiple regression techniques with the PASW/WIN 20.0 program. Results: In male students, self-esteem had perfect mediating effects on the relationship between the parental acceptance-rearing attitude and aggression. On the other hand, it had partial mediating effects on the relationship between the parental rejection-rearing attitude and aggression. In female students, self-esteem did not have mediating effects on the relationship between the parental acceptance-rejection rearing attitude and aggression. Conclusion: To reduce college students' aggression, it is necessary to build effective strategies to redefine the parent-child relationship and develop a self-esteem promotion program considering gender.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of perceived relationships of the adolescents with their parents, peer and the teachers on their school adjustment. The data were collected from 385 male and female high school students in Seoul through the questionnaire method. The major result of the study were as follows: 1. About sixty percents of the respondents came from middle-class families who were being brought up by their parents. 2. Analysis of data revealed that degrees of relationship of the respondents with their parents and peer were higher than moderate, while the degrees of relationship with teacher was found to be moderate. 3. The adolescent' overall level of school adjustment was found to be at a moderate level. 4. The adolescents' levels of school adjustment were differed by birth order, father's occupations, family structures, economic status of the family, grade point average and religion. 5. The stepwise regression analyses yielded the results that relationship with the teacher, relationship with the peer, father's caring, birth order and economic status of family were significant factors in explaining the adolescents' school adjustment. On the base of the results of the study, the following suggestions were made in order to enhance adolescents' school adjustment: 1. Teacher education focused on guidance and counseling should be included in the teacher education and training program. 2. Parents education focused on fatherhood should be more emphasized.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1998

A female hemihypertrophy patient with hypomelanosis of Ito is presented as a rare case combining classical features of both the syndrome. Chromosomal profile has been based on longitudinal study of repeated lymphocyte cultures during 1984-1992. The propositus has exhibited chromosomal mosaicism both hypoploid ($42{\pm}1$) and hyperploid ($48{\pm}2$ chromosome) counts, but the major stem line presented 46XX chromosomes. Ring chromosome with simple and complex translocations with marker dots appear to be the major cytogenetic assemblage of this child to posses unequal left and right halves of the body. Each and every organ from toe to the head has grown up unequally and lately the patient had been exhibiting different dark and light shapes of melanin on the skin. We believe that the patient had inherited, through her male parent, "a few" mutated loci on some chromosomes so as to generate different cell lines within the developing child. All sibs and the mother showed normal karyotype with no apparent aberration.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.145-162
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of oriental medical care on growth deficiency children. These cases were collected to investigate the effects of oriental medical care on growth deficiency children. So the cases were divided into 5 groups. The growth velocity was compared to a normal growth curve, and the results are as follows: 1. Oriental medical care was efficient when the epiphysial plates were not closed. 2. In female middle school beyond 1st grade students and in male middle school 3rd grade students who had almost closed epiphysial plates, the oriental medical care was not efficient and did not promote growth velocity. endothelium were used for the experiment using organ bath. 3. In the cases where the parent were very short, the effects of the oriental medical care to promote growth velocity was not efficient. 4. when we treated children of normal height, their growth velocity was over the normal growth curve. 5. In preschool aged children, oriental medical care was very efficient to promote children's growth. 6. The principle oriental medical care was to make balanced their body and digestive organs by using herb medicines that have the capability to promote the growth of the bones, and build strong muscles.