• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.286-292
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronical exposure to high-level dusts on cellular immune function. Methods: The subjects were 110 male workers, among whom 60 were chronically exposed to high-level dusts in mica, limestone and iron mines. The remaining 50 were office workers. Ambient total, respirable dust and crystalline silica in the workplace were sampled using personal air samplers and analyzed according to NIOSH method 0500. Serum levels of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxide and superoxide misutase activity were measured using absorption chromatography. The subpopulations of CD4+, CD8+, natural killer cells (CD16+) and CD3+ T-lymphocytes were examined by two-color staining using monoclonal antibodies. Results: The concentration of hydrogen peroxide was significantly higher in exposed workers and superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher in control workers. No significant difference in numbers of T-lymphocyte subpopulations were observed between exposed and control workers. A significant correlation in exposed workers was observed among total dusts, respirable dusts and crystalline silica. Hydrogen peroxide was significantly correlated with total dust (r=0.720, p<0.01), respirable dust (r=0.770, p<0.01) and crystalline silica (r=0.678, p<0.01). Concentration of hydrogen peroxide showed a significantly negative correlation with numbers of CD8+ cells (r=-0.274, p<0.01), CD3+ cells (r=-0.222, p<0.01) and natural killer cells (r=-0.556, p<0.01). Conclusions: These results suggest that chronical exposure to high-level dust affects cellular immune function and effects might mediate through reactive oxygen species and inflammatory response.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.146-159
• /
• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 순차분석방법(Sequential analysis)을 적용하여 한국 베이비붐 세대 근로자의 최근 15년 동안의 직업이동 패턴과 유형의 특징을 탐색하는데 있다. 이러한 탐색은 한국 근로자의 후기 경력패턴을 확인함으로써 효과적인 퇴직 지원 전략을 탐색하는데 중요한 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 특히, 본 연구에서는 근로자의 직업이동 유형과 빈도분석, 직업별 변환확률분석, 유의도검사 등을 활용하여 근로자 직업이동 간의 관계를 제시하였다. 분석을 위해 노동패널의 15년차 직업력 자료를 활용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 베이비붐 세대 남성 근로자는 전문가 및 준전문가의 비중에 비해 단순 기술 기능 조립직의 종사자와 농업임업 및 어업 숙련종사자의 비중이 높아지는 특성을 보였다. 둘째, 베이비붐 여성근로자의 서비스종사자, 판매종사자, 기능 종사자 및 단순노무 근로비중이 상당히 높은 특성을 보였다. 이러한 특징은 베이비붐 세대가 퇴직 후 귀농을 선택하거나, 단순노무직과 같은 낮은 일자리로의 직업이동을 하고 있음을 시사한다. 연구 결과를 토대로 다양한 형태의 전직 및 퇴직지원 서비스가 필요함을 제안하였다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.11-24
• /
• 1988

The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of cadmium, nickel and chromium in the air of the work-place, blood of and urine of workers and compare the level of those heavy metals by the duration of work, work-place, process of work, smoking and other factors. In this study, 48 male dental laboratory technicans and 72 office workers as the control group were subjected. The concentration of cadmium, nickel and chromium in their blood sand urine, and that of heavy metals in the air of their work-rooms were examined and analyzed from June I 1987 to September 30, 1987. The results were as follows : 1. The concentration of cadmium in the air was the highest in the porcelain part, $0.0087{\pm}0.0016mg/m^3$, that of nickel was the highest in the crown bridge part, $0.4253{\pm}0.0052mg/m^3$, and that of chrnmium was highest in the partial denture part, $0.1063{\pm}0.0024mg/m^3$. 2. cadmium, nickel and chromium concentrations in the blood and urine of dental laboratory techincians were higher that in the office workers'. Especially the concentration of cadmium in the blood($1.92{\pm}1.23{\mu}g$/100ml) of th dental laboratory techician was about two times as high as that in the office workers'($0.90{\pm}0.73{\mu}g$/100ml), and the concentration of nickel in the urine($48.53{\pm}38.83{\mu}g$/e) of the dental laboratory thchnician was about two times as high as that in the office worker's($20.24{\pm}15.35{\mu}g$/e). 3. there was no difference in the concentration of cadmium, nickel and chromium in the blood and urine with a longer duration of work. 4. The concentration of cadmium and chromium in the blood and urine differed significantly depending upon the place of work. The concentration of cadmium was the highest in the blood of dental laboratory technicians working kin the poreclain part marking at $2.53{\pm}1.08{\mu}g$/100ml. The chromium level was the heighest in the blood of partial denture park workers with a concentration of $3.60{\pm}1.02{\mu}g$/100ml. Concerning the level of cadmium in urine, it was the highest in the porcelain part workers with a concentration of $3.41{\pm}3.15{\mu}g$/e. 5. The concentration of cadmium in the urine of metal trimming and polishing group($2.64{\pm}2.41{\mu}g$/e) was higher than that of non-metal trimming and polishing group($1.39{\pm}1.18{\mu}g$/e). 6. The concentration of chromium in the blood of smoking group($2.46{\pm}1.54{\mu}g$/100ml)was higher than that lf non-smoking group($1.54{\pm}1.25{\mu}g$/100ml). 7. The height positive correlation coefficient was shown between the concentration of nickel and chromium in the blood among the all correlations between 3metals(Cd, Ni, Cr) in the blood and those in urine. The correlation coefficient was relatively high(r=0.605,,p<0.01). In general, the higher the concentration of heavy metals in the air of work places the higher the concention lf them in the blood and urine of workers, mere attention should be paid to the working environment of dental laboratory workers, Furthermore, continuous biological monitoring and further research are required for an efficient health management for dental laboratory workers.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.67-80
• /
• 1982

In order to evaluate the psychosomatic health status of metal manufacturing industries workers and their working environments, the present study was conducted from March 1, 1981 to the end of September 1981. The data was obtained from the samples of metal manufacturing industries in Kyung-In Area and their 1, 162 employees. In addition, the 803 urban residents including students, office clerks, and general publics were sampled as control groups to compare with factory employees in psychosomatic analysis. The basic tool employed in the present study was the Todai Health Index (THI) which modified CMI and was developed by Tokyo University Research Team of Japan. The results of the present study were summarized as follows: 1. Working environments of the factories 1) The data shows that fabrication shop produced the highest noise level ranging from 91 to 96 dB (A) and iron and steel shop had the lowest noise level ranging from 81 to 86 dB (A). 2) Dust concentration was the highest in iron foundry shop ($3.8 mg/m^3$) and the lowest in fabrication shop ($1.2 mg/m^3$). 3) WBGT above threshold limit values (T.L.V.) was noted in steel shop (38$\circ$C) and iron foundry shop (34$\circ$C) 4) The concentration of Sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$)was 30.5ppm at steel shop and 12.0ppm at iron foundry shop. 5) The concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) was 140.0ppm at steel shop and 110.5ppm at iron foundry shop. 6) The atmospheric lead concentration was $0.49 mg/m^3$ at soldering shop. 2. The responses of psychosomatic complaints were much higher in steel shops group than in other manu-facturing group, except the response of aggressiveness. 3. The responses of psychosomatic complaints were much higher in industrial workers than in urban residents, except the responses of depression and aggressiveness (p < 0.01 ). 4. The psychosomatic symptoms which industrial workers and urban residents complained frequently were nervousness. agressiveness and lie scale in order. 5. The responses of psychosomatic complaints by sex were much higher in female group than in male group, except the response of aggressiveness. 6. The responses of psychosomatic complaints by age were that both the female and male group showed an increasing tendency in the all items, except the response of depression as age was increasing. 7. The responses of psychosomatic complaints by the length of services were that both the female and male group showed a tendency of increasing in physical symptoms as work years increased. 8. The responses of psychosomatic complaints were higher in unmarried group in the score of nervousness, aggressiveness, mental irritability and irregular life.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.81-97
• /
• 1993

This study was carried out to analyze the factors of the perieved symptoms of fatigue of the industrial workers, to examine the inter-relatisnship of the above factors with their general charactenstics and the environments of working area for the examination of their health status and the effective health management of them. This study was undertaken from December 1 to December 20, 1990. The subjets were 495 workers who had worked at the Industrial complex located in Chonbuk Province. The result of this study were as follows: 1. The worker's percieved symptoms of fatigue were classified to the following seven factors; A) Musculo-Skeletal Symptoms, B) Neuro-Psychial Symptoms, C) Optical Symptoms, D) Heart Symptoms, E) Head Symptoms, F) Respiratory Symptoms, G) Genital Symptoms 2. Analysis of the inter-relationship of their percieved symptoms of fatigue with general characteristics; 1) The difference of distribution to their percieved symptoms of fatigue according to sexuality was significant; Female were higher than Male $(p{\leqq}0.001$, p<0.005) 2) The difference of distribution to their percieved symptoms of fatigue according to age was significant; Age group under 24 years of age were higher than the other's group (p<0.001). 3) The difference of distribution to their percieved symptoms of fatigue according to the level of education was significant; Workers who stand on a low intellectual were higher than workers on a high intellectual level. 4) The difference of distribution to their percieved symptoms of fatigue for a week was the highest when worked at sunday. 5) The difference of distribution to their percieved symptoms of fatigue for seasons was high at spring. 3. Analysis of the inter-relationship of their percieved symptoms of fatigue with the environments of working area. 1) The difference of distribution of their percieved symptoms of fatigue according to the working department was significant; Production workers were higher than office workers. 2) The difference of distribution of their percieved symptoms of fatigue related with working posture was significant; Sitting: Musculo-Skeletal symptoms (p<0.05), Optical symptoms (p<0.005) 3) The more dissatisfied with their's own duty they were, the higher became the distribution of their percieved symptoms of fatigue (p<0.001. p<0.005, p<0.05) 4) The more dissatisfied with their working condition they were, the higher became the degree of their percieved symptoms of fatigue (p<0.001. P<0.05) 5) The difference of distribution of their percieved symptoms of fatigue according to kinds of job was significant: Workers who has handled heavy materials were higher than who had not handled $(p{\leqq}0.001$, p<0.05). Workers who has handled chemical materials: Optical, symptoms $(p{\leqq}0.001)$. Workers who has handled dusty materials: Respiratory symptoms (p<0.01) 6) The environment of working area was significantly affected to the distribution of their percieved symptoms of fatigue: Workers complains of a illumination problem; Optical symptoms (p<0.005), Heart symptoms (p<0.005) Workers complains of a ventilation problem: Heart symptoms (p<0.05), Optical symptoms, Heart symptoms (p<0.01) Musculo-skeletal symptoms ($p{\leqq}0.001$)

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.7-20
• /
• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study was to improve the comfort of daily life such as reduction of headache and increase of movement of neck by using muscle relaxation approach and joint movement approach for office worker with tension type headache of foward head posture sitting over 5 hours. Methods For this, 9 male and 15 female participated in the foward head posture with tension type headache. Each group consisted of 3 male and 5 female. Groups are divided into groups, such as muscle relaxation therapy, joint movement therapy, muscle relaxation and joint movement therapy. After intervention for each group for a month, we measured neck movement and head disability index and neck disability index 2 week. SPSS 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used for data analysis. The one-way repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA), one-way ANOVA, compared t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results Three intervention groups have brought improvements in neck movement and daily life comfort. There is significant difference in the improvement of neck extension and change in neck disability index between 2 and 4 weeks in the joint movement approach compared to muscle relaxation approach, muscle relaxation and joint movement approach. Conclusions Office workers are exposed to tension type headache. However, muscle relaxation approach and joint movement approach can improve neck movement and daily life comfort.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.107-117
• /
• 2008

Purpose: To investigate the utilization of medical care benefits of school personnel on duty in Seoul. Method: The subjects were 551 workers under Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education(male 301, female 250) who got medical care benefits from March 2000 to February 2005. To analyze the data, frequency, chi-square test, and t-test by SAS package 9.12 were used. Result: The results show that elementary school personnel got the highest ranking, 314(57.0%). Among subjects, 57.2% personnel got accident when they were working on their own duty, 21% during school events and 13.5% were during commutes. They got medical care from orthopedics 75.9%, neurosurgery 7.6%, dental 4%, and 8 male and 2 female died during these days. The most frequent diseases of males and female were fracture and joints related disease. The reason of most health problem was due to injury(92.3%). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the continuous health care services like regular health check for school personnel, or social safety network to prevent injury are needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.706-714
• /
• 1995

일개 대학병원에서 1994년 1월 1일부터 12월 31일까지의 기간 동안 사무직입사를 위하여 건강진단을 실시한 $17\sim29$세의 8,184명(여자 2,633명, 남자 5,551명)의 간기능 검사 결과를 분석하여 간기능 검사의 분포와 이상수준을 남녀별로 비교분석하여 무증상 젊은 여자에 있어서 간기능 검사의 유용성을 검토하였다. 1. 연령별, 성별에 따른 간기능 검사의 항목별 평균값은 SGPT의 경우 여자 $9.1{\pm}7.6(IU/L)$, 남자 $21.0{\pm}27.9(IU/L)$ 였으며, SGOT의 경우 여자 $15.1{\pm}6.0(IU/L)$, 남자 $20.5{\pm}26.5(IU/L)$ 각각 남녀간의 유의한 차를 보였으며(p<0.01), 연령에 따른 평균치의 분포는 SGPT는 남자에서만 유의하게 증가하였으며(p<0.05), SGOT는 여자에서만 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.01). 2. 각 기준치에 따른 간기능 검사의 이상률로는 가장 낮은 검사실 기준치를 정할때 전체 8.6%(705/8,184), 여자 0.7%(19/2,633), 남자 12.4%(686/5,551)로 1:17.7의 비로 유의한 차를 보이고 있었다(p<0.01). 제일 높게 정한 노동부 고시에 의한 관리한계치로 정할 때의 간기능 이상률은 전체 4.6%(372/8,184) 여자 0.4%(11/2,633) 남자 6.5%(361/5,551)로 1:16.3의 비로 유의한 차를 보이고 있었다(p<0.01). 3. 성별에 따른 간기능 검사의 항목별 이상률은 SGPT의 경우 여자 0.4%(l1/2,633), 남자 6.3%(352/5, 551), SGOT의 경우 여자 0.2%(5/2,633), 남자 1.2%(69/5,551)이었으며 남녀간에 모두 유의한 차를 보이고 있었다(p<0.01). 연령증가에 따른 간기능 이상률은 남자 SGPT에서만 유의하게 나타났다(p<0.01). 이상에서 볼 때 $17\sim29$세 연령군의 여자에서의 간기능 이상률은 매우 낮으므로 무증상의 젊은 여성군에 있어서 일률적으로 간기능 검사를 시행하는 것에 대한 재검토가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.231-242
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 u-Health 기반 장비를 활용한 영양교육이 식습관 변화, 영양소 섭취, 대사증후군 위험 인자에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하는 목적으로 수행되었다. 1) 연구 대상자는 서울 소재 사업장에 근무하는 직장인 30~50대의 청장년층의 남성으로 구성되었으며, 대부분이 기혼, 대학이상학력의 고학력자이고, 높은 흡연율과 음주율을 나타냈다. 평소 규칙적인 운동 보다는 일상생활에서 활동량이 더 높았다. 2) 영양교육 전 후에 따른 신체계측 및 혈액성분의 결과는 복부둘레, 중성지방, 이완기 혈압, 중성지방과 체지방률, 총 콜레스테롤이 유의적으로 감소하였다. 3) 측정 횟수에 따른 신체계측 및 혈액성분 결과는 측정횟수 12회 이상인 그룹에서 복부둘레와 중성지방이 유의적으로 감소하였고, 체지방률과 총콜레스테롤도 유의적으로 감소하였다. 4) 영양교육 전 후에 따른 영양소섭취 상태 및 식습관 변화는 열량의 섭취가 감소하는 경향에도 불구하고 영양교육 전보다 교육 후 식이섬유, 동물성칼슘, 칼륨, 비타민C, 엽산이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 식습관 변화에서는 '육류, 생선, 달걀, 콩, 두부 등으로 된 음식을 매일 3~4회 먹는다.'와 '김치 이외의 채소를 식사할 때 마다 먹는다.'의 문항이 영양교육 전보다 영양교육 후 유의적으로 증가하여 긍정적인 변화를 보였다. 결론적으로 u-Health 기반 장비를 활용한 영양교육이 대사 증후군 위험요인 뿐만 아니라 식습관에서 또한 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교육의 효과에 있어서 대상자 스스로의 동기부여가 건강의 개선에 중요한 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과 대사증후군 대상자의 식습관 및 생활습관 개선을 위해 영양교육은 필수적이며, 추후 지속적인 동기부여를 위해서는 u-Health 기반 장비를 활용한 다양한 컨텐츠 개발과 이에 맞춘 체계적인 영양교육 프로그램의 연구가 장기적인 의료비의 절감, 삶의 질 향상을 위한 맞춤형 영양관리로 발전하도록 지속적으로 진행되어야 할 것이라고 사료된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.282-286
• /
• 2002

Objectives : The level of 4-hydroxyproline (4-Hyp) in human urine was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. This method is useful for medical examinations and investigating the radicals induced by physical, chemical, mental stresses. This method is superior to many published several methods in terms of its low cost and ability to analyze many samples. Methods : The urine from workers in a tire manufacturing company (22 male pre- and post-shift workers) and 18 office-workers as controls were analyzed. Data concerning age, the cumulative drinking amount and the cumulative smoking amount was collected with a questionnaire. The optimum applied amount of dansyl-Cl, the optimum reaction temperature and time, the recoveries and the optimum pH of the eluent and buffer were determined.4-Hyp from human urine was derivatized with dansyl-Cl (dimethylamino-naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride) after removing the a-amino acid by a treatment with phthalic dicarboxaldehyde (OPA) and cleaned with Bond Elut C18 column. The 4-Hyp derivatives were separated on a reversed phase column by gradient elution with a phosphate buffer (5 mmol, pH 8.0) and acetonitrile, and detected by fluorescence measurements at 340 nm (excitation) and 538 nm (emission). Results : The detection limit for the urinary free 4-Hyp was $0.364{\mu}mol/l$. The recovery rate of 4-Hyp was 99.7%, and the effective pH of the phosphate buffer and borate buffer were 3.0 and 8.0, respectively. From statistical analysis, age, drinking and smoking did not affect the urinary free 4-Hyp in both the controls and workers. The range of urinary 4-Hyp in the controls, pre-shift, and post-shift workers were 0.33-16.44, N.D-49.06, and $0.32-56.27{\mu}mol/l$. From the pared-sample t-test, the urinary 4-Hyp levels in post-shift workers ($11.82{\pm}6.73\;nmmol/mg\;Cre$) were 2-fold higher than in pre-shift workers ($5.36{\pm}5.53\;nmol;/mg\;Cre$) and controls ($4.91{\pm}4.89\;nmol;/mg\;Cre$). Conclusions : This method was developed with high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. The present method was effectively applied to analyze the urinary free 4-Hyp in both controls and workers.