• Title/Summary/Keyword: Malaysia

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Understanding Political Contestation in Malaysia

  • Jawan, Jayum Anak
    • SUVANNABHUMI
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.51-77
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    • 2016
  • This paper argues and shows how ethnic dimension is still very important in understanding political contestations in Malaysia. To do this, the paper reviews the political as well as population demography to back its assertion. And it is not necessarily improper to continue to use this ethnic lens, although the continued use of this approach has come under heavy criticism both within and from outside Malaysia. Raging debates in Malaysia and by Malaysians are still very much shaped by ethnicity and increasing regional differences. This is further compounded by other factors such as religion, language, and education. In fact, these tools have been more intensely used of late compared to any period before in history as they easily politicize and attract followers.

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Review of the Burden of Esophageal Cancer in Malaysia

  • Siti-Azrin, Ab Hamid;Wan-Nor-Asyikeen, Wan Adnan;Norsa'adah, Bachok
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.17 no.8
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    • pp.3705-3709
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    • 2016
  • Esophageal cancer is one of the top leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Malaysia. To date, neither the prevalence nor incidence of esophageal cancer nationally have been recorded. Esophageal cancer remains a major and lethal health problem even if it is not common in Malaysia. The late presentation of esophageal cancer makes it a difficult and challenging medical problem. Therefore, more governmental and non-governmental organizations of Malaysia should emphasize primary and secondary prevention strategies.

Suitability of a Group Behavioural Therapy Module for Workplace Smoking Cessation Programs in Malaysia: a Pilot Study

  • Maarof, Muhammad Faizal;Ali, Adliah Mhd;Amit, Noh;Bakry, Mohd Makmor;Taha, Nur Akmar
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.207-214
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    • 2016
  • In Malaysia, data on components suitability the established smoking cessation module is limited. This exploratory study aimed to evaluate the suitability of the components developed in the module for group behavioural therapy in workplace smoking cessation programs. Twenty staff were identified but only eight individuals were selected according to the study criteria during the recruitment period in May 2014. Focus group discussion was conducted to identify themes relevant to the behavioural issues among smokers. Thematic analysis yielded seven major themes which were reasons for regular smoking, reasons for quitting, comprehending smoking characteristics, quit attempt experiences, support and encouragement, learning new skills and behaviour, and preparing for lapse/relapse or difficult situations. As a result, the developed module was found to be relevant and suitable for use based on these themes.

Health Beliefs and Breast Self-Examination among Undergraduate Female Students in Public Universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia

  • Akhtari-Zavare, Mehrnoosh;Juni, Muhamad Hanafiah;Ismail, Irmi Zarina;Md Said, Salmiah;Latiff, Latiffah A
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.9
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    • pp.4019-4023
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    • 2015
  • Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer in women and the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 792 female undergraduate students in public universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia, from January to April 2011. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire developed for this study. Results: The mean age of respondents was $21.7{\pm}1.2$ years. Most of them were single (96.8%), Malay (91.9%) and 150 (19.6%) claimed they had practiced BSE. There was a significant differences between performers and non-performers correlated to age, marital status, check breast by doctor, and being trained about BSE. Performers had lower mean scores for perceived barriers and susceptibility and higher mean score for confidence. Stepwise logistic regression analysis yielded four significant predictor variables. Conclusions: Overall our findings indicate that the practice of BSE while perceived as being important is not frequently practiced among female in Malaysia. Targeted education should be implemented to improve early detection of breast cancer.

Neofusicoccum ribis Associated with Leaf Blight on Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) in Peninsular Malaysia

  • Nyaka Ngobisa, A.I.C.;Zainal Abidin, M.A.;Wong, M.Y.;Wan Noordin, M.W.D.
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.10-16
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    • 2013
  • Hevea brasiliensis is a natural source of rubber and an important plantation tree species in Malaysia. Leaf blight disease caused by Fusicoccum substantially reduces the growth and performance of H. brasiliensis. The aim of this study was to use a combination of both morphological characteristics and molecular data to clarify the taxonomic position of the fungus associated with leaf blight disease. Fusicoccum species were isolated from infected leaves collected from plantations at 3 widely separated locations - Selangor, Perak, and Johor states - in Peninsular Malaysia in 2010. All the isolates were identified according to their conidial patterns and DNA sequences generated from internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2), the 5.8S rRNA, and an unknown locus (BotF15) containing microsatellite repeats. Based on taxonomic and sequence data, Neofusicoccum ribis was identified as the main cause of leaf blight disease in H. brasiliensis in commercial plantations in Malaysia. A pathogenicity trial on detached leaves further confirmed that N. ribis causes leaf blight disease. N. ribis is an important leaf pathogen, and its detection in Malaysia has important implications for future planting of H. brasiliensis.

Vortex-induced vibration characteristics of a low-mass-ratio flexible cylinder

  • Quen, Lee Kee;Abu, Aminudin;Kato, Naomi;Muhamad, Pauziah;Siang, Kang Hooi;Hee, Lim Meng;Rahman, Mohd Asamudin A
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.75 no.5
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    • pp.621-631
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    • 2020
  • A laboratory experiment is conducted is to investigate the behaviour of a low-mass-ratio and high aspect ratio flexible cylinder under vortex-induced vibration (VIV). A flexible cylinder with aspect ratio of 100 and mass ratio of 1.17 is towed horizontally to generate uniform flow profile. The range of Reynolds number is from 1380 to 13800. Vibration amplitude, in-line and cross-flow frequency response, amplitude trajectory, mean tension variation and hydrodynamic force coefficients are analyzed based on the measurement from strain gauges, load cell and CCD camera. Experimental results indicate that broad-banded lock-in region is found for the cylinder with a small Strouhal number. The frequency switches in the present study indicates the change of the VIV phenomenon. The hydrodynamic force responses provide more understanding on the VIV of a low mass ratio cylinder.

Improving Traffic Infrastructure in a Developing Country: An Investigation into the Usage of Public Bus Transport in Malaysia

  • Soh, Keng Lin;Wong, Wai Peng;Chong, Chu Le;Hiew, Yan Hwan
    • Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.172-184
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    • 2014
  • Economic growth with rising household income has put more vehicles on the roads worsening traffic congestion, road accidents, and air and noise pollution. This situation is further aggravated by the potential working population who choose to drive to work instead of taking public transportation. Public bus transport (PBT) plays an important role in alleviating these problems. PBT is underutilized in Malaysia, and there is an opportunity to increase ridership without substantial investment. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the factors that influence the use of PBT in Malaysia. The data were collected using structured questionnaires from 400 respondents. The results of the analysis show that the twin factors consisting of perceived satisfaction of and perceived importance by users towards safety and comfort of facilities and services offered by PBT are significantly related to intention to use those services. The satisfaction of availability of season tickets, the importance of reliability of bus schedule and time table, and the importance of ticket pricing are also significant. By providing insights for both public bus operators and the government, this paper contributes to mitigate the underutilization of PBT in Malaysia and the consequences of putting more vehicles on the roads. From the theory perspective, this paper also contributes by extending the theory of reasoned-action to transportation studies.

Serological evidence of West Nile viral infection in archived swine serum samples from Peninsular Malaysia

  • Mohammed, Mohammed Nma;Yasmin, Abd Rahaman;Noraniza, Mohd Adzahan;Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah;Arshad, Siti Suri;Bande, Faruku;Mohammed, Hussni O.
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.29.1-29.6
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    • 2021
  • West Nile virus (WNV), a neurotropic arbovirus, has been detected in mosquitos, birds, wildlife, horses, and humans in Malaysia, but limited information is available on WNV infection in Malaysian pigs. We tested 80 archived swine serum samples for the presence of WNV antibody and West Nile (WN) viral RNA using ID Screen West Nile Competition Multi-species enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits and WNV-specific primers in reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays, respectively. A WNV seroprevalence of 62.5% (50/80) at 95% confidence interval (51.6%-72.3%) was recorded, with a significantly higher seroprevalence among young pigs (weaner and grower) and pigs from south Malaysia. One sample was positive for Japanese encephalitis virus antibodies; WN viral RNA was not detected in any of the serum samples.

Tracing Fiscal Sustainability in Malaysia

  • LAU, Evan;LEE, Alvina Syn-Yee
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.91-98
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    • 2021
  • One of the concerns in the economic policy circle is the fiscal sustainability. This current research revisit the notion of fiscal sustainability for Malaysia using the Indicator of Fiscal Sustainability (IFS) developed by Croce and Juan-Ramón (2003) where we employ samples of time-series data from 1970 to 2017. The findings reveal that 40 out of 48 years, during which the calculated IFS algorithm is above the threshold of 1, imply Malaysia was fiscally unsustainable. Despite having been fiscally unsustainable, Malaysia's fiscal stance shows improvement as a result of fiscal consolidation and fiscal reforms during the sample period. This is shown by the improved calculated IFS algorithm on average, which the value improved from 1.465 in 1970-1993 to 1.377 in 1998-2004 and to 1.146 in the 2006-2013. From the policy front, this indicator can serve as a precautionary early warning measure in formulating future fiscal path for Malaysia. This can be executed by targeting debt ratio and shifting the allocation of expenditures away from less efficient toward more growth-enhancing ones, which eventually would regain fiscal space to counter any incoming economic shocks in the future. This can enhance the fiscal transparency and assist in formulating a fiscal policy strategy in Malaysia.

Knowledge Distribution in Immigrant Entrepreneurship: A Qualitative Study of Immigrant Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

  • Nurul Atasha JAMALUDIN;Zizah CHE SENIK;Mohamad Rohieszan RAMDAN;Nur Aqilah Hazirah MOHD ANIM;Siti Asma' MOHD ROSDI;Raudha MD RAMLI
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.21 no.8
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: This study intends to explore the knowledge distribution in immigrant entrepreneurship in a host country Malaysia. In Malaysia, most immigrants are workers who later started their own businesses. They have a higher tendency to engage in entrepreneurial activities thus knowledge distribution from previous employment is necessary. Research design, data and methodology: This qualitative study using in-depth interview approach was carried out with five immigrant entrepreneurs from Bangladesh conducting business in Malaysia. The data were gathered and analysed using thematic analysis facilitated by ATLAS.ti software. Results: The findings provide useful insights on the significance of knowledge obtained during immigrant entrepreneurs' former employment in the host country, enabling them to identify the needed resources quickly to launch a successful business in a host country. Conclusions: This study contributes to the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship specifically in the context of immigrant entrepreneurship who have former employment in the same business sector and a proposition is developed. For practicality, the findings provide some insights for immigrants who want to start businesses in the host country which allow them to identify and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities due to knowledge distribution at their former employment in the host country later facilitates successful business establishment there.