• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 오이를 첨가한 막걸리의 특성을 알아보기 위하여 쌀의 20%만큼 오이를 첨가하여 막걸리를 제조한 후 이화학적 및 미생물학적 특성을 평가하였다. 발효 6일째 알코올 함량은 대조군 16.3%, 오이 막걸리 16.2%로 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 발효 6일째 두 시료의 pH도 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 총산은 두 시료 모두 발효 1일째에 급격히 증가하고, 그 이후 완만히 증가하였다. 총 균수, 유산균수 및 효모수 모두 오이 막걸리가 대조군보다 높았으며, 색도는 대조군과 오이 막걸리 사이에 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 유리당 중 glucose는 발효가 진행되면서 감소하였고, 대조군과 오이 막걸리 모두 succinic acid 함량이 가장 높았다. 휘발성 화합물 중 오이 막걸리에서 가장 많이 동정된 성분은 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, ethyl acetate이었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 시판누룩에서 분리한 Rhizopus oryzae CCS01로 쌀누룩을 제조하고 이를 이용하여 쌀-밀 막걸리 제조하였다. 쌀누룩은 시판누룩보다 ${\alpha}$-amylase 활성은 약 1.8-2.4배 정도 높게 나타났다. 쌀과 밀의 비율이 4:6일 때 알코올 생성량은 12.4% 있었으며, 전체적인 기호도면에서 가장 우수하였다. 시판누룩(산성, 진주 및 송학)으로 제조한 쌀-밀 막걸리의 pH는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 감소하였으나, 쌀누룩으로 제조한 쌀-밀 막걸리의 pH는 증가하였다. 한편 산도 및 당도, 알코올 함량은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하였다. 특히 발효 종기 알코올 함량은 쌀누룩으로 제조한 쌀-밀 막걸리가 12.0%로 시판 누룩으로 제조한 막걸리보다 높게 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.1002-1008
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 시판누룩에서 분리한 Rhizopus oryzae CCS01로 쌀누룩을 제조하고 이를 이용하여 곡류 막걸리 제조하였다. R. oryzae CCS01로 제조한 쌀누룩은 시판누룩보다 탄수화물 함량은 높았으나, 수분 및 회분, 조단백질, 조지방 함량은 낮았고 당화력은 약 2.2배 정도 높게 나타났다. R. oryzae CCS01로 제조된 쌀누룩으로 제조한 막걸리는 pH와 알코올 함량은 시판누룩보다 높게 나타났으나, 당도 및 산도, 젖산균수, 효모균수, 갈변도는 낮게 나타났다. 특히 쌀누룩으로 제조한 찹쌀(GUR) 막걸리의 경우 다른 막걸리들 보다 알코올 함량이 가장 높았다. 이 결과로 R. oryzae CCS01로 제조된 쌀누룩을 이용하여 새로운 곡류 막걸리 제조가 가능할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1485-1492
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• 2015

Makgeolli is a traditional wine in Korea and has been traditionally believed to exhibit health benefits. However, the inhibitory effect of dealcoholized makgeolli (MK) on cancer has never been investigated scientifically. In this study, MK exhibited an anti-angiogenic effect by inhibiting tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, without cytotoxicity. Treatment with MK reduced the proliferation of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner and increased the sub-G1 population. Next, we evaluated whether MK could induce apoptosis in AGS cells by using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay or Annexin V method. Treatment with MK at 500 and 1,000 μg/ml increased the number of TUNEL-positive AGS cells. Under the same conditions, MK-treated (500 and 1,000 μg/ml) cells showed significant induction of early or late apoptosis, compared with untreated cells (no induction). In addition, MK also induced phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression in AGS cells. However, p53 expression in AGS cells was not changed by MK treatment. Furthermore, MK at 500 mg/kg·d reduced the tumor size and volume in AGS tumor xenografts. Taken together, MK may be useful for the prevention of cancer cell growth.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 고부가가치 막걸리 개발을 위해 4가지 원료 곡물(밀가루, 팽화미분, 멥쌀, 및 찹쌀)로 한국 전통막걸리를 제조하였다. 기능성소재로의 개발 가능성 조사를 위해 제조한 막걸리를 대상으로 이화학적 성상, 페놀, 플라보노이드, 및 비타민 함량, 그리고 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) 라디칼 소거활성을 측정하였다. 팽화미분 막걸리와 멥쌀 막걸리가 4종류의 막걸리 중 알코올 함량이 높은 것으로 나타났다(16-16.5%). 4종류의 막걸리 중 팽화미분 막걸리의 총 페놀 함량이 5.2±0.06 mg GAE/mL로 가장 높았으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 4종류의 막걸리가 470-490 ㎍ QE/mL 수준으로 유사하게 높았다. 총 페놀 함량이 가장 높았던 팽화미분 막걸리가 81.5%로 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 팽화미분이 항산화 기능성소재 개발을 위한 효율적인 막걸리 원료가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1749-1757
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• 2012

Makgeolli is a traditional rice wine favored by the general public in Korea. This study investigated the fermentation and sensory characteristics of using wild yeast strains for brewing makgeolli. A non-Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain was isolated from nuruk and termed Y197-13. It showed 98% similarity to Pichia anomala and had an optimal growth temperature of $25^{\circ}C$. Makgeolli was manufactured using koji, jinju nuruk, and improved nuruk as fermentation agents. Y197-13 makgeolli brewed with koji had alcohol and solids contents of 11.1% and 13.9%, respectively. Sweet sensory characteristics were attributed to residual sugars in makgeolli with 6% alcohol. The makgeolli had a fresh sour taste and carbonated taste. Volatile component analysis showed the isoamyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, isoamyl acetate, and fatty acid, including ethyl oleate and ethyl linoleate, relative peak area was higher in Y197-13 makgeolli than in makgeolli with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These results suggest the wild yeast, Y197-13, as a candidate for brewing makgeolli.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.226-233
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• 2017

Jeung-pyun, a fermented rice cake, is prepared by fermenting rice sourdough using makgeolli, a traditional Korean rice wine, in the presence of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The goal of this study was to conduct biochemical and microbial analyses of five different rice sourdoughs, each fermented with a different commercial makgeolli, using culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. All sourdough samples fermented with different makgeolli for 6.5 h showed different profiles in pH, total titratable acidity, organic acid concentration, and microbial growth. LAB belonging to different genera were identified based on colony morphology on modified MRS and sourdough bacteria agar medium. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analyses of the five sourdoughs showed different bands corresponding to LAB and yeast. 16S/26S rRNA gene sequence analyses of the samples confirmed that the predominant LAB in the five fermented rice doughs was Lactobacillus plantarum, Lb. pentosus, and Lb. brevis. Various other Lactobacillus spp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were common in all five fermented samples. This study provides comprehensive and comparative information on the microflora involved in fermentation of rice sourdough and signifies the need to develop effective starters to enrich the quality of jeung-pyun.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2013

Korean traditional rice wine, Makgeolli, has been widely consumed and increasingly popular in Korea. In this study, we examined Makgeolli supplemented with cranberries (0, 5, 10 and 15% by rice weight) during fermentation for seven days for the various quality characteristics : pH, total acidity, soluble contents, color, reducing sugars, alcohol contents, and DPPH free radical scavenging activities, total flavonoids, microbial properties, and sensory properties. After the pH value decreased from a range of 4.40~5.63 to 3.83~3.94 up to day 3, the pH gradually increased until day 7. As fermentation proceeded, soluble contents and reducing sugar increased in most of the samples, with a temporary reduction after day 2. There were no differences in L and b color values, but the "a" value showed significant differences with the rate of cranberry added. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total flavonoid content of cranberry Makgeolli were higher than those of the control. After fermentation for seven days, the alcohol content ranged from 14.57 to 17.40%, while total acidity levels were within the range of 0.50 to 0.54%. Yeast cell counts increased until day 3 and then, gradually deceased. In the sensory evaluation, Makgeolli with 10% cranberry showed the highest overall acceptance.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.739-745
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• 2020

막걸리는 우리나라를 대표하는 주류로 전분질을 원료로 하며 누룩과 물을 혼합하여 만드는 술이다. 막걸리의 이화학적 특성 및 항산화활성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 막걸리의 알코올 함량은 6.76~14.56%였으며, 환원당의 경우 1.17~1.68g/L이 측정되었고, M5번과 M6번의 실험군의 경우 1.68g/L와 2.43g/L의 높은 수치를 보였다. M1~M9 실험군의 평균 pH는 3.56±0.02였고, 총산의 경우 0.45~0.83%의 값을 보였다. 막걸리의 총 페놀 함량은 평균 966.38mg/L이고 ABTS는 0.77mM TEAC의 값을 보였다. FRAP 및 ABTS의 항산화능 측정은 총 페놀 함량과 유사한 상관관계를 보이는데 막걸리는 r GAE / PRequiv=0.8582와 r GAE / TEAC=0.9769 의 높은 상관계수를 보였다. 막걸리의 전통적 방식을 바탕으로 쌀과 누룩, 양조용수, 발효기간을 달리하여 이화학적특성과 항산화활성을 측정하여 발효진행의 상관관계에 대해 분석함으로써 막걸리제조의 발효과정을 이해하고 해석하는데 기초자료 활용에 도움이 될수 있을 것이라고 생각되어진다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.529-543
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• 2014

The objectives of this study were to perform a descriptive analysis to characterize and compare the sensory properties of commercial Makgeolli products as well as a cross-cultural comparison of the sensory descriptions of these products between two sensory panels (Korean and Japanese). The samples used in this study were seven different types of Makgeolli, which were commercial products. A total of 10 Korean and 7 Japanese panelists were selected in Korea. Each group was trained, and they identified product attributes and performed descriptive analyses independently. The Korean and Japanese panelists generated 34 and 28 sensory attributes, respectively, to describe appearance, odor/aroma, taste/flavor, texture, and after flavor of the products. There were significant differences among the samples for 24 attributes by Korean and 23 attributes by Japanese panelists. Although there was not a large difference in the number of descriptors between Korean and Japanese panels, the Korean panelists generated more various attributes associated with flavor than the Japanese panelists, and the attributes of Japanese panelists included references to non-food products such as rotten grass. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) was applied to the descriptive analysis data from the Korean and Japanese panels to delineate the associations between Makgeolli samples and their sensory characteristics. Both the Korean and Japanese panels clustered the JRM, JSM, KRM and KSM samples into one group and the CRM and BSM samples into another group. The ESM sample was distinguished from the other six samples. These results of the cross-cultural comparison suggest that comparative analyses of sensory profiles between cultures should be conducted regularly in future studies, and further research such as consumer acceptance tests should be conducted to determine the sensory characteristics that drive consumer acceptance of Makgeolli products in the context of increasing food product exports to other countries.