• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.416-429
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• 2011

Most of precedent studies related to hip hop culture and fashion, which have been conducted till now were progressed under only theoretical background of hiphop, not the changed status of hiphop currently. Practical studies explaining the status of hip hop in popular culture, especially, the area of popular fashion are insufficient. Therefore, this study was conducted by focusing on cultural characteristics and musical characteristics by the stream of period, for which concept hip hop is accepted to people currently and which effect it makes on the area of fashion. Especially, the study was progressed by dividing periodical background into before and after the 2000s because there was the most noticeable change for the genre of hip hop in that period. Because of the appearance of 'Alternative hip hop' which is a sub-genre of hip hop music, hip hop music was changed to be more popular. Also, hip hop fashion also showed big changes. Hip hop fashion before 2000s had showed poor conditions, resistance, complex and alienation of them by their fashion. On the other hand, hip hop fashion after 2000s also showed popular characteristics because of high-level environment and social status. This study intended to understand and grasp hip hop as a kind of cultural situation coexisted by many-sided characteristics as well as redefine the changed concept and contents of new hip hop currently.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.77-82
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• 2018

This paper aims to analyze the accident based on changing patterns of traffic culture index. For this purpose, this paper particularly focuses on classifying the traffic culture patterns and developing the traffic accidents using panel count data model. The main results are as follows. First, the traffic culture patterns are divided into 'increasing', 'decreasing' and 'other' patterns. The null hypotheses that the number of accident are the same over patterns are rejected. Second, 4 fixed effect negative binomial models which are all statistically significant are developed. Third, the regions with 'increasing' pattern are analyzed to be mostly the counties, and to demand the traffic law enforcement. Fourth, the regions with 'decreasing' pattern are evaluated to be mainly the districts and to require such the traffic culture as turn signal usage. Finally, the regions with 'other' pattern are analyzed to be mostly the cities and to ask for enhancing the level of traffic culture.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.211-219
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• 2009

In the process of oyster mushroom production, loading work of culture medium needs the most intensive labor power and cost. Therefore, the development of culture medium loading machine causes to reduce the manpower and cost. The main objectives of this study are identify cultivating environment, physical properties of culture medium and to make an element design of culture medium loading machine. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The moisture content and density of popularly used culture medium were 70%(w.b), $26\;kg/m^3$, respectively. 2. Pressure of the blower increased as the impeller speed increased, and the opening ratio of pressure controller decreased. 3. Recommendable c1earance(${\delta}$) between an impeller plate and a blower case was 25 mm at an impeller speed of 3183 rpm 4. Discharge device of type B with a hopper and suit was better than type A with a hopper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.556-565
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• 2004

This study examined dietary culture in Korea regarding collectivism through literature review. Based on the evidence from the origin of lineage and traditional customs, the Koreans' traditional collectivity appeared to have been grounded upon the northen nomadic culture emphasizing sentimental collectivity and harmonized with the characteristics of southern agrarian society related to mutual support and sociability. The inseparable relationship between collectivity and food was well revealed in the occasions such as rice-planting, kimchi and jang makings in which pooled labor was common as well as the gathering of mutual aid association. In these occasions, foods were offered and shared among members. Food sharing was a main activity and almost play a central role regarding the promotion of friendly relations among each other. In sacrificial memorials, food sharing was extended not only to the live persons but also to the passing spirits. Collectivity was also disclosed in the eating or table manners of Koreans. Koreans quite literally share food at every meal since the side dishes placed centrally on the table. The taste of Korean foods is completed inside the mouth by mixing foods with various combination, which let people create their own choice of taste. Therefore, the collectivity manners at the table appeared to be harmonized with individual freedom of creating his/her own taste of foods. The collectivity is still a very important concept in modem Korean dietary culture, as reflected by an increase of restaurants sewed shared dishes.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.41-55
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• 2017

This exploratory research compares two particular features of coffee culture, namely the reason why a particular coffee shop is frequented and the reason for going to the chosen coffee shop in Italy and South Korea. A survey was carried out targeted at current undergraduate university students in both countries with data being collected in the late spring and early summer of 2017. The main impetus for this research was to investigate the aforementioned areas given the fact that Italy has such a long standing coffee culture that dates back centuries and is still an industry dominated by independent coffee houses while the Korean coffee industry started developing in the early 1980s and taking off after the 1988 Olympic Games. The Korean coffee industry, in contrast, is driven by the franchise coffee shops such as Starbucks, $Caf{\acute{e}}$ Benne, and The Coffee Bean among others. While both countries have well developed coffee cultures, they developed along very different lines. Data collected from respondents are tabulated and presented followed by an analysis and interpretation of the data. Finally, some suggestions on how to conduct further research in order to better understanding the underpinnings and contributing factors in understanding consumer choice and coffee culture in both Italian and Korea are suggested.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.689-694
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• 2013

Craft culture industry 'crafts and culture made up of industry meaning of' rather than 'as a craft industry'. Culture it is desirable to see Roy. Craft culture industry features, technology, techniques, or by indigenous raw materials to the foundation, which is produced as a plastic product manufacturing process, characteristics of the main part of the craft industry with a means to manufacture products. Historically, over the years, which has been formed by tradition, culture, crafts related to specific industries. Only by looking at the craft cultural industries have unique features and understand the value and no longer making craft activity does not remain only in the dimensions of the production, distribution and development of craft industries and national and ethnic culture has inherited expression traditionality a representative craft, culture as a development plan for the industry through the development of market research is to propose ways.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.241-262
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to explore four-year old children's peer culture. During free choice play time, various activities and interaction patterns were observed and analyzed to understand the characteristics of peer culture. The results of this study showed two main peer culture patterns. First of all, peaceful peer culture in which children maintained close relationships based on mutual respect were found. Also conflictive peer culture in which children had negative relationships with other children, such as vertical, discriminative and neglected relationships were observed.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.221-235
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• 2004

Many organizations are implementing Knowledge Management(KM) technologies to promote knowledge sharing. An extensive review of recent articles and journals about such implementations reveals that one of the main barriers to implementation of KM technology is the absence of an organizational culture that supports knowledge sharing. The purpose of this research is to explore the possible relationship between the successful implementation of knowledge management technology and specific organizational culture attributes. The Organizational Culture Profile(OCP) and the Knowledge Management Technology Profile(KMTP) instruments were used to identify and rank the most critical organizational culture attributes and KM technology implementation successes. Data were collected from twenty six US organizations involved in a KM efforts.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.69-95
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the needs and demands of middle-aged women concerning the educational contents of tea-culture, the managing methods of educational programs, and a plan to invigorate tea culture education as a whole. Here is the summary of the main results. 1) The need for tea-culture education scored an average of 4.14 / 5(maximum score). The actual needs for tea-culture education had varied according to the women's place of living, educational motives, and the desire to become lecturers in the future. That is, the actual needs for tea-culture education scored high among the groups who displayed strong personal motives to cultivate their inner minds and learn tea-culture seriously, groups who lived in Seoul${\cdot}$Taegu${\cdot}$Cheonju, and groups who wanted to become future lecturers. 2) The need for a systematic management of tea-culture educational programs scored an average of 4.10 / 5(maximum score). The need for a management of tea-culture educational programs varied according to the women's educational level and their desire to become future lecturers. That is, the need for a systematic management of tea-culture educational programs scored high among groups whose educational level was high, and groups who wanted to become future lecturers. 3) The need for a plan to invigorate tea-culture education scored an average of 4.05 / 5(maximum score). The need for a plan to invigorate tea-culture education varied according to the women's place of living, educational level, the managing subject of educational organizations, the desire to become future lecturers. That is, the need for a plan to invigorate tea-culture education scored high among the groups who lived in Seoul${\cdot}$Taegu${\cdot}$Cheonju, groups whose educational level was high, groups who were members of life-long educational facilities within universities, and groups who desired to become future lecturers.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

Korea has a dark age in terms of culture in the last 20th century. Korea had been struggling between the Great Powers of the world in the imperialism and had sacrifice to keep our own culture itself. Japanese imperialist's a invasion, culture liquidation by Japan, Independence from Japan, Korean war and Influence by US are major bitter historical affair after close of Chosun Dynasty in the process of modernization. Therefore Korea couldn't stay in the center of world cultural core parts and was degraded as cultural consumption country which was provided oversea culture by other countries. Then Korea couldn't develop our unique traditional idea and culture. In the meantime there are both extreme phenomena; one is expulsion of other cultures absolutely and the other is only following western culture unconditionally like trimming policy in the end of colony age. These discreet and unfiltered western culture had been influenced Korea culture over the wide range strongly and resulted in cultural colony situation to produce western imitation culture without philosophy and traditional spirit. Even though Korea has met opportunity in the culture, we called "Han Trend", no formation of own culture is main reason for psychological panic. Korea furniture design is one of parts of lost of tradition culture and typical parts in reproducing western imitation culture. As a result furniture industry's major reason for loss value as exporting industry compared to other industries result in most of the furniture products without our unique identity. This situation become more deepen unfortunately. This report would like to suggest the direction of design with global competition capability and cultural identity to boost Korean furniture design industry by comparing, analyzing and speculating between design of Chosun dynasty and philosophy of modernism in western.