• 생약학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.369-380
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• 2008

The essential oils from 73 aromatic herb drugs entered on Korean official formularies were tested for antibioticresistance inhibitory effect. When the oils were combined with ampicillin (Am) or amoxicillin (Amx) they showed significant inhibitory effects on the growth of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA2 in considerably low concentration. The most effective combination were oils from Magnoliae Flos or Piperis longi Fructus ($25{\mu}g/mL$)-Am or Amx ($4{\mu}g/mL$).

• 생약학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.62-65
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• 1995

Dopamine ${\beta}-hydroxylase$ (DBH) catalyses the enzymatic reaction of dopamine to norepinephrine. For the purpose of isolating DBH inhibitors from natural resources, thirty one kinds of medicinal plants were screened by tracing the inhibitory activities against bovine adrenal DBH, utilizing tyramine as a substrate. Among the crude drugs tested, leaves of Lactuca sativa L., Gardeniae Fructus, Magnoliae Flos and Scutellariae Radix showed potent enzyme inhibitory activities against DBH.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2006

The asymmetric biosynthesis of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydrobutanoate from ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate was investigated by using whole cells of Candida magnoliae JX120-3 without the addition of glucose dehydrogenase or $NADP^+/NADPH$. In a one-phase system, the bioconversion yield was seriously affected on the addition of 12.1 g/L ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate. In order to reduce this substrate inhibition, a water/ n-butyl acetate two-phase system was developed, and the bioreduction conditions optimized with regard to the yield and product enantiometric excess value. The optimal conditions were as following: water to n-butyl acetate volume ratio of 1:1, 4.0 g DCW/L active cells, 50 g/L glucose and $35^{\circ}C$. By adopting a dropwise substrate feeding strategy, high concentration of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (60 g/L) could be asymmetrically reduced to ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydrobutanoate with high yield (93.8%) and high enantiometric excess value (92.7%).

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.341-349
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• 2015

Magnoliae Flos (Sini in Korean) is one of the most important oriental medicinal plants. In the Korean Herbal Pharmacopeia, the bud of the all species in Manolia denudate and Manolia genus were regarded as the botanical sources for ‘Sini’. Most the dried bud of Manolia denudata, Manolia biondii and Manolia sprengeri were used as ‘Xin-yi’ in China. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine and compare the ‘Magnolia’ species, four species including Manolia denudata, M. biondii, M. liliiflora and M. Kobus were analysis of sequencing data revealed DNA polymorphisms. The based on tRNA coding leucine/phenylalanine (trnL-F) and NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit 5 (ndhF) sequences in chloroplast DNA. For the identification of ‘Magnolia’ species, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of chloroplast DNA regions such as ndhF have proven an appropriate method. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been identified between genuine “Sini” and their fraudulent and misuse. Specific PCR primers were designed from this polymorphic site within the sequence data, and were used to detect true plants via multiplex PCR.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.146-148
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• 2001

5가지 식용식물인 신이(Flos magnoliae), 지실(Poncirus trifoliata), 시호(Bupleurum falcatum), 황금(Scutellaria baicalensis), 및 오미자(Schisandra chinensis)의 열수 추출물(10 mg/20 g B.W.)이 제IV형 알레르기 반응에 미치는 억제효과를 관찰하기 위하여 DNFB로 감작된 6주령의 웅성 BALB/C mouse에 1, 2차 시료를 투여한 후, 유도된 접촉성 피부염에 의한 부종도를 측정하였으며 대조 약물로는 cyclosporin(0.005 mg/20 g B.W)을 사용하였다. DNFB의 피부염증반응에 대한 귀 두께 측정은 1차 감작에서 황금, 오미자, 지실 군이 대조 군에 비하여 유의한 감소를 나타냈고(p<0.05), 약물 대조군인 cyclosporin과 같은 억제효과를 보였다. 시호, 신이 군은 대조 군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 억제 효과는 황금>오미자>지실>시호>신이의 순으로서 황금 군의 활성이 가장 높았다. 2차 감작에서는 오미자, 지실, 황금, 신이 군이 대조 군에 비하여 유의한 감소를 나타냈고 오미자와 지실은 약물 대조군인 cyclosporin과는 유의적인 차이는 없었지만 억제 효과가 더 컸다. 시호군은 대조 군과 유의적인 차이가 없었으며 오미자>지실>황금>신이>시호의 순으로서 오미자 군이 가장 높은 억제효과를 나타냈다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

Objectives: To determine the standards for discrimination of Magnoliae Cortex, the experiment of specific external-internal characters and the physicochemical pattern analysis were performed. Methods: External characteristics was observed using a stereoscope. Paraffin-mediated sectioned materials were stained by Ju's method. Physicochemical patterns of materials were analyzed using HPLC. Results: 1. Botanical characteristics: Magnolia officinalis had one seed and a white flower, while M. obovata had two seeds and a white flower. Machilus thunbergii had berry and spherical fruits and yellowish green panicles. 2. External characteristics: M. officinalis and M obovata were dark and thick. M. officinalis was gray brown and greasy while M. obovata was light-gray, less oily and smoothly sectioned. Machilus thunbergii was thin and relatively light or yellow-brown, coarsely sectioned and faintly specific scents. 3. Internal characteristics: The bast parts of M. officinalis and M. obovata were commonly wider than Machilus thunbergii The cork cortex of M. officinalis was $10{\sim}mg/L$ cell layers with many oil cells, while that of M. obovata was $4{\sim}7$ cell layers with less oil cells. Machilus thunbergii's xylem which consisted of ring-shaped cambium at 1st and 2nd part was occupied in large portion. 4. Physicochemical pattern: Both M. officinalis and M. obovata involved honokiol and magnolol. All kinds of M. officinalis involved Magnatriol B but one kind of M. ovobata and all of Machilus thunbergii didn't. Machilus thunbergii showed different pattern of chromatogram from that of 2 species above. Conclusions: These results could be used as standards for discrimination of Magnoliae Cortex and as the method of objectification in medicinal herbs giving the basic resource for bioactivity research.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.230-236
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• 1998

충치 원인균인 S. mutans가 생산하는 불용성, 부착성 glucan 합성효소인 GTase의 활성을 저해하는 물질을 생약재로 부터 탐색, 개발하여 기능성 식품 또는 의약품의 소재로 응용하는 것을 목적으로 연구를 수행하였다. 32종의 생약재 추출물에 대하여 GTase 저해활성을 측정한 결과, 후박피에서 가장 높은 활성이 관찰되었다. 후박피 추출물에 대하여 용매분획을 행한 결과 ethylacetate층에 대부분의 활성이 존재하였으므로, 이 획분을 silicagel column chromatography, prep. HPLC 등을 이용하여 더욱 분리, 정제하여 순수한 GTase 저해물질을 분리하였다. 이 물질의 분리수율은 0.013% (w/w)였다. 이 화합물을 UV, FAB-MS 및 NMR spectrometry 등을 이용하여 화학구조의 해석을 실시한 결과 이 물질은 coniferyl alcohol의 중합체로 lignan계 화합물인 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxylignan (분자량 330)으로 확인되었다. 이 화합물은 후박피에서는 최초로 확인된 물질이다. 또한 충치 원인균인 S. mutans를 포함한 11종의 구강 미생물에 대한 항균성을 검토한 결과 비교 화합물에 비해 비교적 강력한 활성$(MIC;\;31.3\;{\mu}g/ml)$이 나타났다. 지금까지 후박피는 반하후박탕, 후박삼물탕 등 한방약재의 중요한 원료로 이용되어 왔으며, 복통의 치료효과 및 건위 작용 등이 알려져 있다. 또한 후박피 중에는 diphenyl계 화합물인 magnolol 및 honokiol등이 함유되어 있어 이들 물질이 건위작용을 돕는 것으로 알려져 있을 뿐이다. 따라서 이번에 새롭게 확인된 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxylignan이 충치 예방효과를 지니고 있다는 사실은 금후 산업적 응용면에서도 매우 중요한 결과로 여겨져 지속적인 연구가 기대된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1121-1126
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• 2009

This paper describes a pattern recognition method of Magnoliae flos based on a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analysis of the essential oil components. The botanical drug is mainly comprised of the four magnolia species (M. denudata, M. biondii, M. kobus, and M. liliflora) in Korea, although some other species are also being dealt with the drug. The GC/MS separation of the volatile components, which was extracted by the simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE), was performed on a carbowax column (supelcowax 10; 30 m{\time}0.25 mm{\time}0.25{\mu}m$) using temperature programming. Variance in the retention times for all peaks of interests was within RSD 2% for repeated analyses (n = 9). Of the 74 essential oil components identified from the magnolia species, approximately 10 major components, which is $\alpha$-pinene, $\beta$-pinene, sabinene, myrcene, d-limonene, eucarlyptol (1,8-cineol), $\gamma$-terpinene, p-cymene, linalool, $\alpha$-terpineol, were commonly present in the four species. For statistical analysis, the original dataset was reduced to the 13 variables by Fisher criterion and factor analysis (FA). The essential oil patterns were processed by means of the multivariate statistical analysis including hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). All samples were divided into four groups with three principal components by PCA and according to the plant origins by HCA. Thirty-three samples (23 training sets and 10 test samples to be assessed) were correctly classified into the four groups predicted by PCA. This method would provide a practical strategy for assessing the authenticity or quality of the well-known herbal drug, Magnoliae flos.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2021

Flos magnoliae (FM), the dry flower buds of Magnolia officinalis or its related species, is a traditional herbal medicine commonly used in Asia for symptomatic relief of and treating allergic rhinitis, headache, and sinusitis. Although several studies have reported the effects of FM on store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) via the ORAI1 channel, which is essential during intracellular calcium signaling cascade generation for T cell activation and mast cell degranulation, the effects of its isolated constituents on SOCE remain unidentified. Therefore, we investigated which of the five major constituents of 30% ethanoic FM (vanillic acid, tiliroside, eudesmin, magnolin, and fargesin) inhibit SOCE and their physiological effects on immune cells. The conventional whole-cell patch clamp results showed that fargesin, magnolin, and eudesmin significantly inhibited SOCE and thus human primary CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation, as well as allergen-induced histamine release in mast cells. Among them, fargesin demonstrated the most potent inhibitory effects not only on ORAI1 (IC50 = 12.46 ± 1.300 μM) but also on T-cell proliferation (by 87.74% ± 1.835%) and mast cell degranulation (by 20.11% ± 5.366%) at 100 μM. Our findings suggest that fargesin can be a promising candidate for the development of therapeutic drugs to treat allergic diseases.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2011

Objectives : Magnoliae officinalis Cortex (MOC) has been used in traditional medicine for digestive diseases in Korea, China and Japan. However, Machili thunbergii Cortex (MTC) also has been used as a substitute of MOC in Korea sometimes. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate and compare the effects of MOC and MTC on intestinal motility of isolated small intestinal segments from ICR mouse. Methods : Changes in motility were recorded via isometric transducers connected to a data acquisition system and amplitude, frequency and area under the curve (AUC) of intestinal spontaneous phasic contraction were compared. Results : The MOC extracts ($1{\sim}{\mu}g/mL$) dose-dependently decreased both amplitudes and frequencies of the spontaneous phasic contraction, but not AUC. However, high concentration of MOC (100 ${\mu}g$/mL) evoked tonic contraction. And it was not inhibited by tetrodotoxin, a sodium channel blocker, and nifedipine, a L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel antagonist. These results suggested that MOC (100 ${\mu}g$/mL)-induced tonic contraction is not mediated by nerve or L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel. On the other hand, the MTC extracts dose-dependently inhibited amplitude and AUC, but not the frequency. Conclusions : Although both MOC and MTC affected intestinal motility, MOC is more effective on intestinal motility than MTC. And MOC has been used as a traditional medicine for a long time but not MTC. Thus, we suggested that MTC should not be used in Korea as a substitute of MOC and MOC might be useful traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disease. The mechanism of MOC is still remained to elucidate.