• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.385-390
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• 2023

The uterus, one of women's reproductive organs, is also closely related to women's health. Among them, hemorrhagic luteal cysts, one of the causes of pelvic pain that women often experience, were observed through CT and ultrasound, and the quality of images was evaluated through quantitative and qualitative evaluations. This study sought to find out whether the test method is more helpful to patients during CT and ultrasound. This study was conducted on 15 adolescent women and 15 adult women(21.31±3.45 average age). The equipment used for filming used EC3-10X (3~10 MHZ) and Philips Mx8000 iCT 256 among Endocavity Probes among Ecube Platinum. After setting a constant ROI on the cyst and the interface as a quantitative analysis method, SNR and CNR values were measured on a 5-point scale based on image quality, lesion clarity, image distortion, clarity of the interface, and motion artifacts (p<0.05). Independent t-test and Mann Whiteny U were performed, and the statistical program used was noted when SPSS (Version 22.0 for windows software package, Chicago, IL, USA) was statistically less than 0.05. Comparing the SNR and CNR values for this experiment, it can be seen that the SNR value was higher in the case of CT images(p<0.05). As a result of the qualitative evaluation, the quality of the image, the clarity of the lesion, the distortion of the image, the clarity of the interface, and the clarity of the boundary were measured on a 5-point scale based on the movement artifact. Comparing each score, CT images scored higher with a finer difference than ultrasound images(p<0.05). In conclusion, both test methods showed excellent results in finding the patient's lesions. However, in quantitative and qualitative evaluations, CT produced higher results in detecting lesions than ultrasound. However, for cyst tests that require continuous observation, ultrasonography, a non-invasive method that is advantageous for patients, will be clinically useful. Therefore, observing the patient's lesions by appropriately distributing these two test methods will provide optimal diagnostic information. These results will be useful for providing clinical basic data and educational materials to CT and US users in the future.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.401-413
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• 1996

Facial vertical dyscrepancies is decided on the relationship between the anterior vertical facial height and posterior vertical facial height. Thus this study was conducted to determine the factors that affect the FHI, and classify the Class II div.1, malocclusion, which success is dependent on the vertical control according to the FHI, which is the ratio of antero-inferior facial height, posterio-inferior facial height ratio, and to use this as a guideline for treatment. Angle between palatal plane and Mandibular plane were in the order of RH, ID. Thus showing that interrelated angle was more inportant than the independent angle of both, palatal plane and Mandibular plane. The tendency of Cl II div.1. Malocclusion according to FHI, showed the Low group to have Mx. protrusion, prominent development of Mn. ramus, and the Mn. body length and ant. post. position was normal. The Normo group showed slight protrusion of the Maxilla,. The development of the ramus was less than normal and the Mn. was in a slight retruded position. The High group showed the Mx. in a normal position, the development of the Mn. ramus and body was the lowest, and the Mn. was in a posterior position. In observation of the factors affecting the FHI between each groups of Cl II div.l, malocclusion; In the Low group the MP- PP angle was very small, the ID was smililar to the normal group, but the RH was very large thus the FHI was increased. In the Normo group, the PP-MP angle was normal, ID was slightly smaller than the normal group and the RH was slightly smaller than the normal group, thus maintaining a normal FHI ratio. In the High group the PP-MP angle was very large, the ID was similar to the normal group, but the RH was smaller than the normal group thus the FHI was small.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.391-399
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• 2007

Three-dimensional approaches for the diagnosis and analysis of the dentofacial area are becoming more popular in accordance with the development of cone-beam CT (CBCT). The purposes of this study were to evaluate the reliability of cephalometric measurements of lateral cephalograms generated from a CBCT image by making comparisons with the traditional digital lateral cephalogram, and to evaluate the possibility of the clinical application of CBCT generated cephalogram images. Methods: Twenty patients whose external auditory meatus could be identified in the CBCT image were selected, and both CBCT and digital cephalograms were taken. Differences between the measurements of both cephalograms were tested by paired t-test. Results: Among the 22 measurements used, only U1-FH, Mx6 to PTV, and maxillomandibular difference showed statistically significant differences between the CBCT generated cephalogram and the digital cephalogram. Conclusions: The results suggest that the CBCT generated cephalogram can be used for some cephalometric measurements not requiring porion, PTV, condylion as a landmark (SNA, SNB, U1 to SN, IMPA, interincisal angle, etc.).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2012

Today each hospital is trend that change rapidly by up to date, digitization and introducing newest medical treatment equipment. So, we introduce new CR system and supplement film system's shortcoming and PACS, EMR, RTP system's network that is using in hospital harmoniously and accomplish quality improvement of medical treatment and service elevation about business efficiency enlargement and patient Accordingly, we wish to introduce our case that integrate reflex that happen with radiation oncology here upon to PACS using CR system and estimate the availability. We measured that is Gantry, Collimator Star Shot, Light vs. Radiation, HDR QA(Dwell position accuracy) with Medical LINAC(MEVATRON-MX) Then, PACS was implemented on the digital images on the monitor that can be confirmed through the QA. Also, for cooperation with OCS system that is using from present source and impose code that need in treatment in each treatment, did so that Order that connect to network, input to CR may appear, did so that can solve support data mistake (active Pinacle's case supports DICOM3 file from present source but PACS does not support DICOM3 files.) of Pinacle and PACS that is Planning System and look at Planning premier in PACS. All image and data constructed integration to PACS as can refer and conduct premier in Hospital anywhere using CR system. Use Dosimetry IP in Filmless environment and QA's trial such as Light/Radition field size correspondence, gantry rotation axis' accuracy, collimator rotation axis' accuracy, brachy therapy's Dwell position check is available. Business efficiency by decrease and so on of unnecessary human strength consumption was augmented accordingly with session shortening as that integrate premier that is neted with radiation oncology using CR system to PACS. and for the future patient information security is essential.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.604-617
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• 2018

As the depletion of forests became more widespread due to the increase in the number of roads, the research was conducted on the relationship between temperature and humidity in the forests, assuming that the forests around the roads were affected. Through the forest monitoring, the temperature and humidity of coniferous forests and broadleaf forests in Sedong and Gongju areas were observed at three point of 10m, 20m and 30m from the road boundary to the inside of the forest, respectively. In Yeongdong area, for more reliable results, it was observed from the point of 0m, 10m, and 20m. During the study period, so it was expected the change in tree growth was small, the change of temperature and humidity inside the forest by the road was compared with the temperature and humidity from the road to the inside of the forest from September 2017 to January 2018, the changes of temperature and humidity inside the forest due to linear development such as roads were quantitatively analyzed. Using the HOBO data logger (MX2301, Onset Corp.), the temperature and humidity changes of each site were measured, and the average of the changes have been analyzed monthly. In the case of Gongju coniferous forests in September 2017, the average weekly temperature is $0.57^{\circ}C$ higher than the forest outside from the forest boundary and $1.23^{\circ}C$ higher than the inside of the forest, at night in November 2017, in Sedong broadleaf forests. That is, the ability to control the temperature and humidity of the forests along the road was larger and less variable as the distance from the road boundary to the inside of the forest increased. In this study, it is considered that the high degree of change in temperature and humidity of the forest and the surrounding area due to artificial linear development such as roads will affect the growth of trees. This results could serve as a basis for studying the quantitative scope of linear development affecting forest growth and for managing forest change caused by linear development.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.318-324
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• 2004

Purpose: Philips GEMINI is a newly introduced whole-body GSO PET/CT scanner. In this study, performance of the scanner including spatial resolution, sensitivity, scatter fraction, noise equivalent count ratio (NECR) was measured utilizing NEMA NU2-2001 standard protocol and compared with performance of LSO, BGO crystal scanner. Methods: GEMINI is composed of the Philips ALLEGRO PET and MX8000 D multi-slice CT scanners. The PET scanner has 28 detector segments which have an array of 29 by 22 GSO crystals ($4{\times}6{\times}20$ mm), covering axial FOV of 18 cm. PET data to measure spatial resolution, sensitivity, scatter fraction, and NECR were acquired in 3D mode according to the NEMA NU2 protocols (coincidence window: 8 ns, energy window: $409[\sim}664$ keV). For the measurement of spatial resolution, images were reconstructed with FBP using ramp filter and an iterative reconstruction algorithm, 3D RAMLA. Data for sensitivity measurement were acquired using NEMA sensitivity phantom filled with F-18 solution and surrounded by $1{\sim}5$ aluminum sleeves after we confirmed that dead time loss did not exceed 1%. To measure NECR and scatter fraction, 1110 MBq of F-18 solution was injected into a NEMA scatter phantom with a length of 70 cm and dynamic scan with 20-min frame duration was acquired for 7 half-lives. Oblique sinograms were collapsed into transaxial slices using single slice rebinning method, and true to background (scatter+random) ratio for each slice and frame was estimated. Scatter fraction was determined by averaging the true to background ratio of last 3 frames in which the dead time loss was below 1%. Results: Transverse and axial resolutions at 1cm radius were (1) 5.3 and 6.5 mm (FBP), (2) 5.1 and 5.9 mm (3D RAMLA). Transverse radial, transverse tangential, and axial resolution at 10 cm were (1) 5.7, 5.7, and 7.0 mm (FBP), (2) 5.4, 5.4, and 6.4 mm (3D RAMLA). Attenuation free values of sensitivity were 3,620 counts/sec/MBq at the center of transaxial FOV and 4,324 counts/sec/MBq at 10 cm offset from the center. Scatter fraction was 40.6%, and peak true count rate and NECR were 88.9 kcps @ 12.9 kBq/mL and 34.3 kcps @ 8.84 kBq/mL. These characteristics are better than that of ECAT EXACT PET scanner with BGO crystal. Conclusion: The results of this field test demonstrate high resolution, sensitivity and count rate performance of the 3D PET/CT scanner with GSO crystal. The data provided here will be useful for the comparative study with other 3D PET/CT scanners using BGO or LSO crystals.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.3 s.74
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• pp.303-315
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• 1999

The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology of the mandibular symphysis and anterior alveolar and skeletal relationship under the influence of the rotational growth pattern of mandible in skeletal Class III malocclusion. A total of U untreated adult subjects were divided into two groups-forward rotational growth pattern group, backward rotational growth pattern group-according to the suggestion of Skieller et al.. The antero-posterior position, vertical relationship, mandibular symphysis and anterior alveolar and skeletal relationship were assessed on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Mandibular symphysis and anterior alveolar and skeletal relationship in each subject were studied and the following conclusions were drawn : 1. Concerning the antero-posterior position, forward rotational growth pattern group showed significantly larger SNA, SNB. Conceming the vertical relationship, all measurements showed statistically significant differences. 2. Forward rotatioal growth pattern group showed significantly larger IMPA, MnAD, backward rotational growth pattern group showed significantly larger MxABH. 3. There was no statistically significant difference in symphysis ratio to mandibular plane between forward and backward rotational growth pattern group. 4. In the correlative analysis of rotational growth pattern of mandible and mandibular symphysis, anterior alveolar and skeletal relationship, statistically significant correlations in overbite, IMPA, MnAD, symphysis width were showed.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.262-272
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• 2000

As a part of investigation for basic epidemiology of diarrheogenic disease, we attempted isolation of Escherichia coli from patients with diarrhea. Seven hundred and twenty-one strains of E. coli were isolated from 1,239 patients with diarrhea. Seasonal distribution of patient with diarrhea was shown the most high at August (18.2%). Age group distribution of patient was shown the most high at children (54.6%, 2 to 10 years old). The serotypes of 721 E. coli isolates were in order of serotype O44 (16.8%), O153 (8.6%), O1 (7.5%), O166(5.7%), O8 and O86a (4.7%), and O125 (4.6%). The supernates cultured 36 strains among 721 E. coli isolates were indicated cytotoxicity against monolayered Vero cells. All of the isolates were susceptible to amikacin. The isolates were resistant in order of novobiocin (99.0%), moxalactam (97.1%), carbenicillin (96.1%), tetracycline (90.4%), ampicillin (85.9%), gentamicin (84.0%), streptomycin (78.4%), cephalothin (46.6%) and polymyxin B (4.2%). In the antibiotic resistant patterns, 125 kinds of multiple resistance patterns of E. coli isolates were detected. The highest resistant pattern was ampicillin-carbenicillin-chloramphenicol-cephalothin-erythro-mycin- gentamicin-moxalactam-novobiocin-penicillin G-streptomycin-tobramycin-tetracycline-tri methoprim type (24.3%).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3833-3838
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• 2009

This paper introduces a measurement system for mechanical properties of sport shoes using an industrial robot. The robot system used in this paper is a commercial Puma type robot system(FARA AT2 made by SAMSUNG Electronics) with 6 joints and the end-effector is modified to produce a human walking motion. After analyzing human walking with a high speed video camera, each joint angle of the robot system is extracted to be used in the robot system. By using this system, ground impact forces were measured during stepping motion with 3 different shoe specimens made of 3 different hardness outsoles, respectively. As other mechanical properties, both bending moments to bend the toe part of the same specimen shoes and pronation quantities during walking motion were measured as well. In the impact test with the same depth of deformation under the ground level, the effect of the outsole hardness was clearly appeared such that the harder outsole produces the higher ground reaction force. The bending test and the pronation test also show proportional increments in the bending stiffness and the moment Mx according to the outsole hardness. Throughout such experiments, the robot system has produced consistent results so that the system could be used in obtaining valuable informations for a shoe designing process.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.515-525
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• 2020

Interferon (IFN)-λ plays an essential role in mucosal cells which exhibit strong antiviral activity. Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) has substantial application potential in the food and medical industries because of its probiotic properties. Alphacoronaviruses, especially porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), cause high morbidity and mortality in piglets resulting in economic loss. Co-infection by these two viruses is becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a new drug to prevent diarrhea infected with mixed viruses in piglets. In this study, we first constructed an anchored expression vector with CWA (C-terminal cell wall anchor) on L. plantarum. Second, we constructed two recombinant L. plantarum strains that anchored IFN-λ3 via pgsA (N-terminal transmembrane anchor) and CWA. Third, we demonstrated that both recombinant strains possess strong antiviral effects against coronavirus infection in the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line J2 (IPEC-J2). However, recombinant L. plantarum with the CWA anchor exhibited a more powerful antiviral effect than recombinant L. plantarum with pgsA. Consistent with this finding, Lb.plantarum-pSIP-409-IFN-λ3-CWA enhanced the expression levels of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) (ISG15, OASL, and Mx1) in IPEC-J2 cells more than did recombinant Lb.plantarum-pSIP-409-pgsA'-IFN-λ3. Our study verifies that recombinant L. plantarum inhibits PEDV and TGEV infection in IPEC-J2 cells, which may offer great potential for use as a novel oral antiviral agent in therapeutic applications for combating porcine epidemic diarrhea and transmissible gastroenteritis. This study is the first to show that recombinant L. plantarum suppresses PEDV and TGEV infection of IPEC-J2 cells.