• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.6-14
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• 2004

Purpose: We intended to research the relations between abdominal temperature and primary dysmenorrhea severity. Methods: We selected the 95 primary dysmenorrhea patients by means of screening test (first screening test-inquiry, second screening test-clinical test, additionally Waist-to-Hip ratio (WHR) by Inbody 2.0). We measured 4 points abdominal temperature (Chon-jung(CV17), Chung-wan(CV12), Kwan-won(CV4), Chung-guk(CV3)) by DITI (DOREX Inc., USA). And then we checked the difference of temperature $({\Delta}T)$ between CV17 and CV4 / CV17 and CV3 / CV12 and CV4 / CV12 and CV3. After that, we compared ${\Delta}T$ with primary dysmenorrhea severity evaluated by multidimensional scales (verbal rating scale modified from the one devised by Bibe roglu & Berhrman(VRS; B&B), multidimensional verbal rating scale by Andersch & Milsom(MVRS)). In dysmenorrhea severity, we standardized scale score and 3-group-severity by score (mild, moderate, severe). For statistics, we used Pearson correlations and Spearman's rho correlations, SPSS 11.0 for windows. Results: In case of MVRS, MVRS score and 3-group-severity were not correlated to ${\Delta}T$. In case of VRS; B&B, VRS; B&B score was correlated to ${\Delta}T$ (CV12 and CV4 / CV12 and CV3) and 3-group-severity was correlated to ${\Delta}T$ (CV12 and CV3). Statistically they showed significant result (p<0.05). So we can consider that ${\Delta}T$ (CV12 and CV3) and the primary dysmenorrhea severity by VRS; B&B are most correlated. Conclusion: The primary dysmenorrhea patients showed that severity by VRS; B&B was connected with ${\Delta}T$ (CV12 and CV3). So we can consider DITI as primary dysmenorrhea evaluation instrument and must further research measurement points for the exact primary dysmenorrhea evaluation by DITI.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.178-187
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• 2006

Purpose : The aim of this study was to investigate objective evaluation of dysmenorrhea. Methods : The study was conducted by 37 articles from year 1979 to 2003 on dysmenorrhea, scale and questionaire. The articles was limited by English, Human, and Clinical trial Results : 1. The 37 articles on dysmenorrhea evaluated by scale or questionaire have been published from 1979. There are 27 articles of randomized controlled trial among them. 2. Scale or question has confidence in the assessment of dysmenorrhea. 3. In the initial stage the article on dysmenorrhea was assessed by only one unidimentional scale. However in recent articles multidimensional scales are applied frequently. Moreover it is the modern trend that point scale such as 100mm VAS and MVRS(multidimensional verbal rating scale) are applied together in one article on dysmenorrhea. Conclusion : It can be suggested that scale or questionaire be the method for objective evaluation of dysmenorrhea.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.88-103
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of oriental diagnosis and treatment for dysmenorrhea patients on lower abdominal temperature and Skin Resistance Variability(SRV). Methods: We studied twenty-five dysmenorrhea patients, who visited Oriental Medicine Hospital of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University for 10 months(Sep. 2011~Jun. 2012). Patients with organic disease such as endometriosis, uterine myoma and pelvic inflammatory disease were excluded from this study. We prescribed 3 types of treatments, herbal medicine, acupuncture, and moxibustion, for one menstrual cycle. Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI), 7-Zone-Diagnostic System(CP-6000A), VAS(Visual analog scale) and MVRS(Multidimensional verbal rating scale) were conducted before and after the treatment. The result of DITI, 7-Zone-Diagnostic System, VAS and MVRS before and after treatment were compared in order to objectively assess the therapeutic effect. Results: When we compared the results of DITI, CV4 temperature after treatment was increased compared with that of before, and temperature difference between CV12 and CV4 after treatment was decreased compared with that of before. But there was no significant difference. When we compared the results of 7-Zone-Diagnostic System at 1st and 2nd trial, the height of 1~5 area was lower than that of before. And at 1st and 2nd trial, the height of 6, 7 area was higher than that of before, but there were no significant difference in most. When we compared the results of VAS and MVRS, VAS and MVRS after treatment was significantly decreased compared with that of before(p<0.01). Conclusions: This study shows that oriental diagnosis and treatment for dysmenorrhea patients affects the results of DITI. Further study will be needed.

• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.46-58
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• 2006

Purpose: We intended to observe the relations between Chiljehyangbuhwan and abdominal & palmar temperature according to primary dysmenorrhea severity. Methods: We selected the 100 primary dysmenorrhea patients by the screening tests (first screening test-inquiry, second screening test-clinical test. additionally WHR (Waist-to-Hip ratio) by Inbody 2.0). By the fixed blocked randomization and double blind method, Chiljehyangbuhwan or placebo was administered for 1 menstration period. Finally, 69 patients remainded. Before and after administration, we measured 4 points abdominal temperature (Chon-jung (CV17), Chung-wan(CV12), Kwan-won(CV4). Chung-guk(CV3)) by DITI(DOREX Inc., USA). And then we checked the difference of temperature $({\Delta}T)$ between CV17 and CV12/CV17 and CV4/CV17 and CV3/CV12 and CV4/CV12 and CV3. Also, we measured 2 points (palmar region, upper front of forearm) for the difference of palmar temperature $({\Delta}T)$. Then, we checked palmar temperature minus upper front of forearm temperature and took an average of right and left ${\Delta}T.$ After that. we compared ${\Delta}T$ with primary dysmenorrhea severity evaluated by VRS (verbal rating scale) and MVRS (multidimensional verbal rating scale). In dysmenorrhea severity. we standardized scale score and 3-group-severity by score (mild, moderate. severe). Besides, we compared palmar ${\Delta}T$ with abdominal ${\Delta}T$. For statistics, we used ANOVA and Spearman's rho correlations. SPSS 13.0 for windows. Results: In case of MVRS, though Chiljehyangbuhwan was correlated to abdominal ${\Delta}T$(CV12 and CV3/CV12 and CV4). it was not correlated to palmar ${\Delta}T$. In case of VRS, though Chiljehyangbuhwan was not correlated to abdominal ${\Delta}T$. it was correlated to palmar ${\Delta}T$. However. palmar ${\Delta}T$ was not correlated to abdominal ${\Delta}T$. Statistically they showed significant result (p<0.05). Conclusion: The primary dysmenorrhea patients showed that severity by MVRS was connected with abdominal ${\Delta}T$ (CV12 and CV3/CV12 and CV4) and severity by VRS was connected with palmar ${\Delta}T$ after Chiljehyangbuhwan administration. So we can consider Chiljehyangbuhwan partially effects the abdominal & palmar temperature according primary dysmenorrhea severity. However, palmar temperature was not correlated to abdominal temperature. Therefore, we need further study.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.114-123
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the result and the satisfaction of Korean medicine treatment for patients with dysmenorrhea who participated in support program of Jeollabuk-do. Methods: The subjects of this study were 33 volunteers, suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. As the 'Dysmenorrhea Treatment Project', we conducted a dysmenorrhea program at 22 Korean medicine clinic and 1 Korean medicine hospital in Jeollabuk-do. From May to December 2018, we conducted the program and assessed the effect and satisfaction twice after first two menstrual cycles after Korean medicine treatment through questionnaire. They were treated by Korean medicine treatment such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, heat therapy, physical therapy and others in 2017. The results were measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and multidimensional verbal rating scale (MVRS) of overall pain. The disturbance in school activity for menstrual period and satisfaction of Korean medicine treatment were investigated by continuous rating scales. Results: The VAS score of overall pain was decreased significantly. Also the amount of the analgesic taken for menstrual period and the degree of disturbance in school activity were decreased significantly. Besides, the satisfaction of Korean medicine treatment was increased. Conclusions: This study might suggest that the Korean medicine treatment on dysmenorrhea is effective.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.144-161
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• 2011

Objectives: Oriental Medicine has thousands years of history. But this era, every medical decision should be based on scientific evidence, that is evidence-based medicine (EBM). This study is to suggest quantitative case report form for dysmenorrhea that can be easily used in clinics. Methods: First, to search published papers in Korea and overseas, OASIS, KISS and NCBI(pubmed) database. Second, to search clinical trials in clinical trial register website, ISRCTN and clinicaltrials.gov. Result: Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) is the most commonly used scale. Conclusion: The main scales for dysmenorrhea are Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Multidimensional verbal Rating scale(MVRS), pain-killer intake amount and restriction of daily life activities. To measure the effect of herbal medicine, more than 2 menstrual cycle is recommended.