• 복식
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• 제59권9호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2009

This study aimed to create a new costume design suitable for publicizing our traditional patterns in the world by using the traditional patterns of Northeast Asia region. The result of this study can be summarized as follows. First, China is characterized by a strictly fixed configuration and a realistic description, Japan a simplistic modality and an abstract-geometrical pattern, and Korea a eclectic type, whole-pattern, and part-pattern. This study aimed to make the pattern by using harmoniously these characters. Second, Korea, China, and japan have many similarities concerning a symbolism and a type of pattern. In the modern fashion, they often use dragon patterns, various flower patterns like peony, plum blossom, or mum, and geometrical patterns. This study focused on expressing patterns which contain the ornamental symbolism of Oriental Look, aside from an existing symbolism, and show a traditional sentiment of Northeast Asia. The method for expressing traditional patterns usually included weaving, dyeing, embroidery, or gold foil. Although these methods have been used in all the three nations, even rubbed metal foil and patchwork have been widely used in Japan.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.218-222
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• 2005

Transferrin-conjugated liposomes ($T_f$-liposomes) were made and formulated with pCMVluc DNA to form a lipoplex. Among the various formulations studied, the $T_f$-liposome: pCMVluc DNA complex at a ratio of 5: 1 (wt/wt) showed the highest transfection efficiency, which was twice that of $Lipofectin^{TM}$ on HeLa cells. The maxi-mum tolerated dose (MTD) of this lipoplex formulation from a single intravenous injection was over 10 mg/kg in healthy ICR mice. The RT-PCR results showed that the highest level of luciferase mRNA was detected in the lungs, followed by the liver, spleen, heart and kidneys, after an intravenous injection into mice. Two weeks after the injection, the levels of luciferase mRNA decreased gradually in the liver, spleen, heart, and kidney, but not in the lungs. The micro-array study showed that the cancer-related genes, including the bcl 6 gene, were highly up-regulated by the treatment with $T_f$-liposome/ pCMVluc DNA complex on HeLa cells, indicating that there were possible interactions between the host chromosomal DNA and the $T_f$-liposome within the cells. The results obtained from this study are expected to be useful for designing a safe and efficient gene delivery system using transferrin-conjugated liposomes.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.463-467
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• 2000

In this paper, the new LIGBT structures with trap injection are proposed to improve switching characteristics of the conventional SOI LIGBT. The Simulations are performed in order to investigate the effects of the positiion, whidth and concentration of trap injection region with a reduced minority carrier lifetime using 2D device simulator MEDICI. Their electrical characteristics are analyzed and the optimum design parameters are extracted. As a result of simulation, the turn off time for the model A with the trap injection is $0.78\mus$. These results indicate the improvement of about 2 times compared with the conventional SOI LIGBT because trap injection prevents minority carriers which is stored in the n-drift region during turn off switching. The latching current is $1.5\times10^{-4}A/\mum$ and forward blocking voltage is 168V which are superior to those of conventional structure. It is shown that the trap injection is very effective to reduce the turn off time with a little increasing of on-state voltage drop if its design and process parameters are optimized.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제1권
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• pp.33-45
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• 1987

$BaCO_3$ 와 다양한 입자크기의 $TiO_2$ 의 고체상태 반응을 산소 ( 혹은 공기 ) 와 이산화탄소 중에서 열중량 분석법 (TG) 과 시차 열분석법 (DTA) 를 이용하여 반응속도론 및 반응기구를 조사하였다. 중간생성물과 최종생성물의 확인은 X-ray 회절 분석법 (XRD) 을 이용하였다. $TiO_2$ 의 반응성은 입자의 크기가 $0.15\mum$이하일 때 현저히 증가하였다. 반응초기에 $BaTiO_3$ 는 반응물의 접촉표면에서 생기기 시작하며 반응의 진행과정은 Jander 에 따라 확산조절과정이 된다. 반응과정에서 BaO-$TiO_2$ 의 상평형도에 기술된 화합물들이 중간물질로써 나타난다. 공기중에서는 상당한 양의 $Ba_2$$TiO_4$ 가 생성되지만 $CO_2$ 의 분위기에서는 약 $1100^{\circ}C$까지 억제된다. 이 온도는 열역학적 계산치인 $1060\pm$ $50^{\circ}C$와 잘 일치하고 있다. 확산과정의 활성화 에너지 값은 공기중에서는 56.4Kcal/mol 이었으며 이산화탄소의 경우에서는 79.6Kacl/mol 이었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.78-89
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• 1994

콘크리트 구조물과 점토성 되메움재로 구성된 중저준위 방사성폐기물처분장 인공방벽으로 부터의 핵종유출률이 평가되었다. 네 종류의 유출경로가 고려되었으며, 각 유출경로가 방사성핵종의 총유출률에 미치는 영향이 분석되었다. 입력변수 간의 불확실도가 핵종유출률 분석에 미치는 영향을 정량화하기 위해 Latin Hypercube 표본추출 방법이 이용되었으며, 그 결과 얻어진 유출률 분포는 적합도검증을 통하여 결정되었다. 마지막으로 최대유출률의 범위가 통계적방법에 의해 95% 신뢰도수준으로 추정되었다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2024

Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is a rare cancer of plasma cells characterized by the absence of detectable monoclonal M protein in the blood or urine. A 57-year-old woman presented with mandibular pain but without intraoral swelling. Imaging studies revealed multiple osteolytic lesions in her mandible and pronounced root resorption of the left mandibular second molar. Biopsy results showed atypical plasmacytoid cells positive for anti-kappa, CD138, MUM1, and CD79a antibodies, but negative for anti-lambda and CD20. These results were indicative of a malignant plasma cell neoplasm. No abnormalities were revealed by free light chain assay or by serum or urine protein electrophoresis, leading to a diagnosis of NSMM. The patient began chemotherapy in conjunction with bisphosphonate therapy and achieved remission following treatment. This case underscores the critical role of dentists in the early detection and prevention of NSMM complications, as the disease can initially present in the oral cavity.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the smoothness of movement during various walking speeds. Based on the maximum smoothness theory (or the minimum jerk theory), we hypothesized that the walking speed at the maximum smoothness (or minimum normalized jerk) is the same as that at the minimum energy consumption. Eleven university students participated in treadmill walking experiment with 11 different walking speeds (1.11, 1.19, 1.25, 1.33, 1.56, 1.78, 1.9, 2, 211, 233, and 2.47m/sec). Normalized jerk at 15 markers and the center of mass was calculated. Results showed that there existed a quadratic relationship between the normalized jerk of the vertical direction at the center of mass and the walking speed As the walking speed increased, the normalized jerk of all directions at the heel decreased Our hypothesis that the previously published energetically optimal walking speed ($1.25\;{\sim}\;1.4m/s$) is the same as the minimum jerk speed (1.78m/s) did not agree with this result. The minimum normalized jerk at the center of mass occurred at the walking speed of 1.78m/s which was the preferred walking speed by subjects' questionaries. Further studies concerning the energetically optimal walking speed, preferred walking speed, and walk-run transition speed or run-walk transition speed are necessary based on actual energy consumption experiment and various multi-dimensional analysis.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2000

In this work, small-size, high-performance simple solenoid-type RF chip inductors utilizing an Al2O3 core material were investigated. Copper (Cu) wire with $40\mum$ diameter was used as the coils and the size of the chip inductor fabricated in this work was $2.1mm\times1.5mm\times1.0mm$. The external current source was applied after bonding Cu coil leads to gold pads electro-plated on each end of backsides of a core material. High frequency characteristics of the inductance (L), quality factor (Q), and impedance (Z) of developed inductors were measured using an RF Impedance/Material Analyzer (HP4291B with HP16193A test fixture). This HP4291B was also used to obtain the equivalent circuit and its circuit parameters of the chip inductors. This HP4291B was also used to obtain the equivalent circuit and its circuit parameters of the chip inductors. The developed inductors have the self-resonant frequency (SRF) of 1.1 to 3.1 GHz and exhibit L of 22 to 150 nH. The L of the inductors decreases with increasing the SRF. The Z of the inductors has the maximum value at the SRF and the inductors have the quality factor of 70 to 97 in the frequency range of 500 MHz to 1.5 GHz.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.110-114
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• 2004

본 연구는 뽕나무 품종간의 유전적 특성 분석을 위한 기초 자료로서 최적의 RAPD-PCR 조건을 확립하기 위하여 수행하였다. 본 연구를 위해 '밀성뽕', '청일뽕', '수일뽕' 그리고 한성뽕'등의 4품종을 이용하여 Operon사의 OPY15 (5'-AG-TCGCCCTT-3') primer를 사용, 여러 가지 PCR 조건하에서 실험하였다. DNA 농도, primer농도, $MgCl_2$ 농도, PCR 횟수, annealing temperature, pre-heating time의 조작유무 등 여러 가지 요인들을 대상으로 시험을 수행한 결과, $25 \mu$ 반응용액을 기준으로 50 ng의 template DNA, $1 \muM$의 random primer, 1.5 mM의$MgCl_2$45회의 PCR cycle, 45$^{\circ}C$의 annealing temperature 그리고 pre-heating time이 없는 조건이 최적으로 나타났다. 이러한 RAPD-PCR법의 안정적인 조건의 확립은 후차적인 뽕나무 품종간의 유전적 특성의 규명, 계통간의 관련, 신품종 육성 등을 위한 중요한 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.479-487
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• 1988

Valve replacements in 82 children, aging up to 15 years[mean 11.67 years] were done at Seoul National University Hospital during 13 years period from 1974 to 1986. The patients were composed of 5] males and 31 females and 50 patients had acquired heart disease and 32 patients congenital heart disease. 75 patients received single valve replacements, 6 patients double valve replacements, 1 patient triple valve replacement, and among all of them, 11 patients redo-replacements. The bioprosthetic valves have been applied to 58 patients and prosthetic valve to 24 patients and the latter was the main artificial valve since 1984. Among the 69 patients who had definite post-operative records, the overall mortality was 27.5%[20.3% was early mortality and 7.2% late mortality] and the overall mortality was lowered to 4.3% since 1984. There were early post-operative complication rate of 26.1% and late complication rate 34.8%, and among the latter, the valve failure rate was 11.4% patient-year, and the thrombo-embolism rate 1.76%/patient-year. 55 patients among the survivals after post-operative 1 month, were received follow-up with various anticoagulating medication for total 2046 patient-months[mini-mum 1 month to maximum 90 month, mean 37.2*25.44 months] and actuarial survival rate was 82*8% at 5 years and valve failure free and thrombo-embolic free survival rate were 61*8% and 90*3% respectively. And among them, valve failure free survival `rate of tissue valve were 91*6% at post-operative 2 years, 78*3% at 3 years, 59*9% at 4 years, 54*10% at 5 years, 53*15% at 6 years, so markedly decreased at 3-5 years post-operatively. These results suggest that cardiac valve replacement in children have been effective therapeutic method though various problems are still remained, and the choice of valve should be prosthetic valve mainly due to its durability at the present.