• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.443-452
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• 1994

A phytosociological study of the forest vegetation was carried out in Mt. Chongok and Mt. Tuta from June, 1992 to August, 1993. The forest vegetation was classified into 1 order, 2 alliances, 1 suballiance and 4 communities; Vaccinium hirtum v. koreanum-Quercus monogolica community, Carex humilis v. nana-Pinus densiflora community, Sasa borealis-Carapinus laxiflora community, Plectranthus inflexus-Quercus variabilis community. Actual vegetation map was drawn in 1:25,000 scale.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.183-188
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• 2005

Two mammalian receptors are reported (MT1A and MT1B). In this experiments, MT1A is expressed at a little enhanced level (about 8 times) in hypothalamus of the 9 hours exposed mice. In other part of the brain, the expression level of the MT1A and MT1B is elevated at nearly same level: 16 times in cerebellum, 128 times in hippocampus and in thalamus, respectively. But MT1B is expressed at very high level (about thousand times) in hypothalamus of the 9 hours exposed mice.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.271-283
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• 1995

Blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner) swim-up fry were fed a ration containing 0, 1, 10, or 60 ppm $17\alpha-Methyltestosterone$ (MT) for 30 days (sex reversal period). Fish that had been fed 0 ppm MT-treated feed during the sex reversal period were subsequently fed rations containing either 0 ppm MT, 10 ppm MT, or 60 ppm MT for the next 39 days (post sex reversal period) : fish that had been fed 60 ppm MT-treated feed during the sex reversal period were subsequently fed rations containing either 0 ppm MT, 10 ppm MT, or 60 ppm MT during the post sex reversal period. One group was fed 1 ppm MT-treated feed, while another group was fed 10 ppm MT-treated feed during both periods. The following growing season (10 months later), the residual effects of MT on weight gain, body composition, and gonosomatic indices (GSI) were evaluated. MT had no residual effect on growth of either sex. Groups that ate MT-treated feed were significantly (P<0.05) larger than those that received no MT during the sex reversal period, because females in the latter group lowered average weight gain. MT had a positive residual effect on body fat content in males, but had a negative effect on body moisture content. MT had a positive residual effect on body moisture content in females. MT had a significant negative effect on male and female GSI at the end of the post sex reversal period. MT consumption during the sex reversal period had a significant negative residual effect on male GSI. MT fed after sexual development (post sex reversal period) did not have a residual effect on male or female CSI.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.248-256
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• 1997

In order to establish a optimum level and proper method of fly ash application for soybean cultivation, the successive three years experiment was conducted in the field applied with four application levels of fly ash, 0, 30, 60, 90 MT/ha during the 1991 to 1993. Influence of successive application and residue of fly ash in soil on soybean growth and yield was discussed. Fly ash application had a favorable effect on soybean growth, however over application such as 90 MT/ha caused to turn the color into the brown of young leaf edge and eventually to have necrosis on the leaf. This symptom was prominent under the application of bituminous coal fly ash. In the 1st year cultivation of soybean, the highest yield was obtained at application level of 30 MT/ha. In the 2nd year, application of anthracite fly ash showed the highest yield at 60 MT/ha for successive application and at 90 MT/ha for the 1st year application followed by the 2nd year residue. Application of bituminous coal fly ash showed the highest yield at 60 MT/ha for the both successive application and residue. In the 3rd year, successive application of the both fly ash was given the highest yield at 30 MT/ha, respectively indicating the decrease of yield with increasing level of application. In case of residue plot, the highest yield by the application of anthracite fly ash was made at 90 MT/ha for the 1st year application followed by 2 years residue and at 60 MT/ha for the 1st and 2nd year application followed by the 3rd year residue. But in the residue plot of bituminous coal fly ash, yield was highest at 30 MT/ha showing the decrease of yield with increasing level of residue. Enhancement in growth and yield of soybean by application of fly ash was due to the fact that fly ash contained some plant nutrients such as phosphorus, silicon, and boron etc. and reformed soil pH that caused to increase availability of nutrients in soil.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.50-68
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• 1999

The present study was performed to examine on the fauna and standing crops of benthic macroinvertebrates in Pongwha and Youngwol region of upper parts of south han river and Naktons river. The Actual site suvry was caried out on the two times during the April·June to October·November, 1988. Main five areas are Mt. Awrawe(1,067m), Mt. Sontal (1,236m), Mt. Munsu(1,206m), Peak Okyopong(357m) and Mt. Pungnak(760m) area. Total taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates of the study area were 118 species, 45families12 orders, 5 classes in 4 phyla. Occurrence species according to the major taxa of aquatic insects were 35 species (29.66%) in ephemeroptera, 25 species(21.19%) in trichoptera, 25 species(21.19%) hemiptera, 1 species(0.85%) in megaloptera. Non-aqautic insect were 5 species in mollusca, 3 ratio was 8.5 percent. Occurrence species(plecoptera) at clean waters were appeared 12 species at Mt. Awrawe and Sontal area. Occurrence species at each survey area was 67 species at Mt. Awrawe area, 60 species at Mt. Sontal area, 43 species at Mt. Munsu area, 37 species at Mt. P'ungnak area and 34 species at Peak Okyo area, respectively. Species diversity indices were 2.96~3.80 at Mt. Awrawe area, 2.79~3.62 at Mt. sontal area, but 2.64~3.12, 1.59~2.46 and 1.98~2.59 at, Mt. Munsu, P'ungnak and Peak Okyo area, respectively. In this region, occurrence species and individual density were smaller than that of Dong river with good habitat, but those were more abundant than that of Poseong river with similar environment conditions. Therefore, occurrence species and individual density of the present survey region were appeared as somewhat abundant.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.583-593
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• 1995

The present study was conducted to develop a toxoplasma latex agglutination test antigen(Test-MT) and evaluate the toxoplasma latex agglutination(LA) test using a newly-made "Test-MT kit" by comparing with the Toxo-MT kit(Eiken chemical co, Tokyo). Also, the specifity and sensitivity test were made by comparing with IFA test and IgG-ELISA. Tachyzoite suspensions of Toxoplasma gondii(RH strain) were ultracentrifuged for 30min at $60,000{\times}g(4^{\circ}C)$ and the supernatant was used as a water-lysate antigen. Polystyrene latex particles of $1.0{\mu}m$ in diameter(Polyscience co) were used for the preparation of sensitized latex-antigen supension(Test-MT). The frequency distribution of LA titers in Test-MT showed two peaks at <1:32 and 1:128. The borderline titer for positive test in Test-MT was determined to be 1:64. But the frequency distribution of LA tites in Toxo-MT showed two peaks at <1:16 and 1:64. The positive borderline was determined to be 1:32. Agreement of reactions between Test-MT and Toxo-MT kit by LA test was shown 92.5% in bovine sera and 97.0% in swine sera, respectively. From the results obtained here it was determined that the sensitized latex-antigen, Test-MT kit, for the microtiter agglutination test prepared as same as by the procedure described in the previous paper(Suh and Lee, 1993) was useful as a highly specific, sensitive and stable immunotiteration reagent for serodiagnosis of toxoplasma infection in animal sera.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.31-42
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• 2013

This study was carried out to systematically maintain and manage the trails by assessing the types of deterioration and naturalness of trails located in Mt. Toham, Mt. Nam, Mt. Danseok and in the Mt. Gumi district of the Gyeongju National Park. The route length of Mt. Toham was 2.7km, 2.3km of Mt. Nam, 1.0km of Mt. Danseok and 2.7km of Mt. Gumi district. The numbers of measuring points in Mt. Toham were 37 units, 29 units of Mt. Nam, 16 units of Mt. Danseok and 40 units of Mt. Gumi district. In characteristics of physical environments, Mt. Danseok was the widest and Mt. Gumi was the narrowest in the width of trail. In the bared width of trail, Mt. Danseok was the widest and Mt. Gumi was the narrowest. In depth of erosion, Mt. Danseok was the deepest and Mt. Gumi was the shallowest. Mt. Danseok was the steepest and Mt. Nam was the gentlest in the longitudinal slope. In the results of analysing the types of deterioration, Mt. Toham were 10 types, 14 types of Mt. Nam, 11 types of Mt. Danseok and 9 types of Mt. Gumi district. The times of appearance of deterioration types in Mt. Toham were 69 times, 87 times of Mt. Nam, 67 times of Mt. Danseok and 71 times of Mt. Gumi district. The most common type was the exposure of root in 4 districts of Gyeongju National Park. In the results of assessing the naturalness, Mt. Toham was 2.1 score(II degree), 2.6 score(II degree) of Mt. Nam, 2.9 score(III degree) of Mt. Danseok and 2.0 score(II degree) of Mt. Gumi district. The average naturalness was 2.4 score and II degree.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.137-144
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• 2022

This paper presents the effect of the supramolecular complex of GA (Glycyrrhizic acid) and Mt(menthol) and GA: Mt (4: 1) obtained on their basis can restore functional dysfunction of the liver mitochondria in alloxan diabetes, ie, inhibit lipid peroxidation. The hypoglycemic activity and mitochondrial membrane stabilizing properties of the supramolecular compound GA: Mt (4: 1) in alloxan diabetes were more pronounced than those of menthol, GA and its GK: Mt (2: 1) and GA: Mt (9: 1) compounds. According to the results obtained, the concentration of GA did not affect the peroxidation of lipid membranes of the liver mitochondria. However, a concentration of 15 μM of GA was found to reduce LPO (lipid peroxidation) formed by the effect of Fe²+ / ascorbate on the mitochondrial membrane by 58.0 ± 5.0% relative to control. The inhibitory effect of GA and its supramolecular compounds in different proportions with menthol on the peroxidation of lipids in rat heart and brain tissue has been studied

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.16-26
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• 2003

Analysis of benthic macroinvertebrate community and biological estimation of water quality was conducted at the national park of Mt. Jiri and its nearby area in Gurye, Sancheong and Hadong-gun from June to November, 2002. Total taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates were 124 species, 45 families, 15 orders, 5 classes in 3 phyla. Aquatic insects were 33 species in ephemeroptera, 28 species in Trichoptera, 21 species in plecoptera, 13 species in Diptera, 8 species in odonata, 5 species in hemiptera and 5 species in coleoptera, respectively. Non-insects were 5 species in Mollusca, 2 species in Hirudinea, 1 species in oligochaeta and 1 species in crustacea, respectively. Ephemeroptera, trichoptera and plecoptera as indicators in clean water were very abundant. Occurrence species at each survey area was 68 species at Mt. 1025-goji, 59 species at Mt. Eungseok-bong, 57 species at Mt. Wangdeung-jae, 50 species at Mt. Cheonwang-bong and 39 species at Mt. 645-goji, respectively. Mean species diversity indices at Mt. Cheonwang-bong, Mt. 1025-goji, Mt. Wangdeung-jae, Mt. Eungseok-bong and Mt. 645-goji were 3.33, 3.03, 3.41, 3.02 and 2.91, respectively, According to the saprobic system based on the species diversity indices of benthic macroinvertebrates, most survey areas except some sites are determined as Limnosaprobic area.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1055-1066
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• 2022

Objective: The clinical relevance of myosteatosis has not been well evaluated in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), although sarcopenia has been extensively researched. Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic value of muscle quality, including myosteatosis, in patients with resectable PDAC treated surgically. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 347 patients with resectable PDAC who underwent curative surgery (mean age ± standard deviation, 63.6 ± 9.6 years; 202 male). Automatic muscle segmentation was performed on preoperative computed tomography (CT) images using an artificial intelligence program. A single axial image of the portal phase at the inferior endplate level of the L3 vertebra was used for analysis in each patient. Sarcopenia was evaluated using the skeletal muscle index, calculated as the skeletal muscle area (SMA) divided by the height squared. The mean SMA attenuation was used to evaluate myosteatosis. Diagnostic cutoff values for sarcopenia and myosteatosis were devised using the Contal and O'Quigley methods, and patients were classified according to normal (nMT), sarcopenic (sMT), myosteatotic (mMT), or combined (cMT) muscle quality types. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the effects of muscle type on the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) after surgery. Results: Eighty-four (24.2%), 73 (21.0%), 75 (21.6%), and 115 (33.1%) patients were classified as having nMT, sMT, mMT, and cMT, respectively. Compared to nMT, mMT and cMT were significantly associated with poorer OS, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.49 (95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.22) and 1.68 (1.16-2.43), respectively, while sMT was not (HR of 1.40 [0.94-2.10]). Only mMT was significantly associated with poorer RFS, with an HR of 1.59 (1.07-2.35), while sMT and cMT were not. Conclusion: Myosteatosis was associated with poor OS and RFS in patients with resectable PDAC who underwent curative surgery.