• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.710-718
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• 2010

A numerical study was performed to predict refrigerant charge amount in a mini-channel condenser for a R410A residential air-conditioning system. Multi-channel flat tubes with 12 mini-channels of 1.17 mm average hydraulic diameter for each tube were applied to the condenser. The condenser consisted of 3 passes, and the first, second, and third pass had 44, 19, and 11 tubes, respectively. Each pass was connected by a vertical header. In this study, the condenser was divided into 410 finite volumes, and analyzed by an $\varepsilon$-NTU method. With thermophysical properties and void fraction models for each volume element, the R410A amount distribution and a total charge amount in the condenser were calculated. The predicted total charge amount was compared with the experimentally measured charge amount under a standard ARI A condition. The developed model could predict the charge amount in the mini-channel condenser within prediction errors from -23.9% to -3.0%. Air velocity distribution at the condenser face was considered as non-uniform and uniform by the simulation model, and its results showed that the air velocity distribution could significantly influence the charge amount and vapor phase distribution in the condenser.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.3603-3609
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• 2011

A novel sampling method of the headspace poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mini-disk extraction (HS-PDE) was developed, optimized, validated and applied for the GC/MS analysis of spices flavors. A prototype PDMS mini-disk (8 mm outer diameter, 0.157 mm thickness, 9.4 mg weight) has been designed and fabricated as a sorption device. The technique uses a small PDMS mini-disk and very small volume of organic solvent and less sample size than the solvent extraction. This new HS-PDE method is very simple to use, inexpensive, rapid, requires less labor. Linearities of calibration curves for ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-pinene, limonene and ${\gamma}$-terpinene by HS-PDE combined with GC/MS were excellent having $r^2$ values greater than 0.99 at the dynamic range of 6.06~3500 ng/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) showed very low values. This method exhibited good precision and accuracy. The overall extraction efficiency of this method was evaluated by using partition coefficients ($K_p$) and concentration factors (CF) for several characteristic components from nutmeg and mace. Partition coefficients were in the range from $2.04{\times}10^4$ to $4.42{\times}10^5$, while CF values were 0.88-15.03. HS-PDE was applied successfully for the analysis of flavors compositions from nutmeg, mace and cumin. The HS-PDE method is a very promising sampling technique for the characterization of volatile flavors.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.77.1-77.1
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• 2012

We have performed cosmological hydrodynamic simulations that include the effects of radiative heating/cooling, star formation, feedback by supernova explosions, and metallicity evolution. Our simulations cover a cubic box of a side length 4 Mpc/h with 130 million particles. The mass of each particle is $3.4{\times}10^4M_{\odot}$, thus sub-galactic mini-halos can be resolved with more than hundred particles. Our simulation follows the whole formation process of the mini-halos (M< $10^7M_{\odot}$) around dwarf galaxies. We discuss various properties of the mini halos such as mass function, specific frequency, baryon-to-dark matter ratio, metallicity, spatial distribution, and orbit eccentricity distribution as functions of redshift and host galaxy mass. We also discuss how the formation and evolution of the mini halos are affected by the epoch of the reionization.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.505-509
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• 1988

Xylose 발효효모를 토양에서 분리하였으며 (X-6-41) 이는 Lodder씨 분류기준에 따라 Candida 속으로 동정되었다. 삼각플라스크 정치배양법에 의한 xylose 발효시 2% xylose, N원 asparagine, pH 4에서 발효율 약 80%로 나타났고 Mini-Jar for mentor를 이용하여 glucose와 xylose를 1 : 1로 혼합한 총당 5% 기질에서 발효를 시켜 본 바 발효율은 총당에 대해 약 72.3%(alcohol 2.3%(v/v)였다. 본 균주에 의한 xylose 발효는 일반적으로 보고된 바와 같이 호기적 발효과정이였으며 glucose와 xylose 혼합기질의 경우 glucose가 먼저 이용되고 xylose가 나중에 이용되는 것으로 나타났다. 5% xylose를 기질로 하여 Mini-Jar fermentor에서 발효시켰을 때 최대 발효율 69%(alcohol 2.2%(v/v)로 나타났으며 발효중에 xylitol이 생성되었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권11호
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• pp.4167-4172
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• 2023

Miniaturized tissue equivalent proportional counters (mini-TEPCs) are proper for radiation dosimetry in medical application because the small size of the dosimeter could prevent pile-up effect under the high intensity of therapeutic beam. However, traditional methods of calibrating mini-TEPCs using internal alpha sources are not feasible due to their small size. In this study, we investigated the use of electron and proton edges on Monte Carlo-generated lineal energy spectra as markers for calibrating a 0.9 mm diameter and length mini-TEPC. Three possible markers for each spectrum were calculated and compared using different simulation tools. Our simulations showed that the electron edge markers were more consistent across different simulation tools than the proton edge markers, which showed greater variation due to differences in the microdosimetric spectra. In most cases, the second marker, y_δδ, had the smallest uncertainty. Our findings suggest that the lineal energy spectra from mini-TEPCs can be calibrated using Monte Carlo simulations that closely resemble real-world detector and source geometries.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.259-262
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• 2000

One of the major factors determining the printing quality of a color printer is the color matching that is performed inside the printer driver In this paper, the mini driver for the color printer is built using the Microsoft 98DDK. Also, the ICC profile proposed as the standard for the color management system is generated. The color matching capability of the mini driver with the ICC profile is examined and compared with that of the commercial printer driver.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1990년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 26-27 Oct. 1990
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• pp.755-760
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• 1990

In this paper, the Mini-MAP network interface units are implemented for the IBM PC, general purpose, PLC, and robot respectively. The token bus controller, MC68824 is used to realize the IEEE 802.4. A protocol for the message exchanges between some automated devices called MMS is implemented where 76 services of total 86 MMS services are included.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.147-150
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• 2000

크로마토그래피 칼럼 검증전용으로 미니 칼럼을 이용한 자동화된 크로마토그래피 시스템(MiniValChrom)을 개발하였다. 이 시스템은 생산용 칼럼을 scale-down한 미니칼럼을 자동적으로 반복사용 하면서 실험실 내에서 ex-situ로 크로마토그래피 공정의 검증을 수행할 수 있게 설계되었다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.3134-3138
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• 2007

The objective of this paper is to elucidate the characteristic performance of the mini-vacuum pump with various heights of eccentric shaft. The mini-diaphragm pump is composed of DC motor, eccentric shaft and diaphragm and it is operated by PCB panel. The height of eccentric shaft is changed that controls the quantities of air flow to improve the performance of vacuum pressure. This device is manufactured in order to embody the vacuum pressure with 200 mmHg. The heights of eccentric shaft which is used in present experiment are located in the range from 3 mm to 5.5 mm. The vacuum pressure distributions with each height of eccentric shaft was measured and the results were graphically depicted.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.269-271
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• 2015

Latissimus dorsi tendon transfer is a well-established method for treatment of irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. We report on an anterolateral mini-open technique with a porcine dermal patch augmentation for latissimus dorsi tendon transfer. Use of this technique would result in avoidance of deltoid damage by anterolateral mini-open approach and reduction of failure rate by patch augmentation.