• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.713-719
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• 2011

The antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of Arctium lappa were assessed by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) radical scavenging effect, inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation, inhibition of malondialdehyde(MDA)-bovine serum albumin(BSA) conjugation reaction and antimutagenic capacities using the Ames test. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation of the $Arctium$ $lappa$ ethanol extract significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the radical scavenging assay using DPPH, the $IC_{50}$ of the Arctium lappa extract was 296 ${\mu}g$/assay(1.29 mg of dry sample). In addition, the $IC_{50}$ in the inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation was 1,759 ${\mu}g$/assay(7.65 mg of dry sample). This extract also significantly inhibited the MDA-BSA conjugation reaction with an $IC_{50}$ of 57.58 mg/assay(250 mg of dry sample). However, no inhibitory effects against the direct and indirect mutagenicities in $Salmonella$ Typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were observed. Based on these results, the ethanol extract of $Arctium$ $lappa$ was shown to display considerable antioxidative activities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

식용 및 약용으로 예로부터 널리 이용하는 양송이버섯 추출물의 생리적 기능에 대한 활성을 탐색하기 위하여 양송이 버섯(Agaricus bisporus)의 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 효과와 Ames test를 통한 돌연변이 유발 억제능을 탐색하였다. 지질과산화물에 대한 단백질 보호효과를 알아본 결과, 양송이 버섯 에탄올 추출물은 MDA와 BSA의 교차결합 형성을 100mg/assay이었을 때 72.21% 저해하였다. $Fe^{2+}$에 의해 유도된 지질의 과산화에 대한 저해율은 2.0 mg/assay일 때 24.96% 였으며, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정한 결과 1.0 mg/assay일 때 52.75%의 저해율을 보였으며 처리농도가 증가할수록 저해율은 증가하였다. $IC_{50}$ 값으로 항산화능의 상대적 비교를 하였을 때 양송이버섯 추출물은 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성이 가장 강하였으며, 그 다음은 지질과산화 억제능이었고 MDA와 BSA의 교차결합 억제능이 가장 낮았다. Ames test를 이용하여 돌연변이 유발 억제능을 알아본 결과, 양송이버섯 에탄올 추출물은 Salmonella Typhimurium TA98 및 TA100 두 균주에서 직접작용 돌연변이능을 각각 100% 저해하여 매우 효과적이었다. 간접작용 돌연변이능 저해효과는 Salmonella Typhimurium TA98에서 86.09%, Salmonella Typhimurium TA100에서는 81.93%로 나타나 양송이버섯 에탄올 추출물은 직접, 간접작용 돌연변이능에 대한 저해효과가 우수하다고 사료된다. 본 연구 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 양송이버섯은 항산화성과 항돌연변이성이 우수하므로 기능성식품으로 개발할 수 있는 가능성이 있다고 본다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1426-1431
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• 2004

동, 서양에서 널리 사용되고 항균효과가 있는 것으로 알려진 후추, 겨자, 고추냉이, 계피, 정향을 대상으로 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성, linoleic acid를 이용한 지질과산화억제, MDA에대한 단백질 보호효과를 측정하여 각 향신료의 항산화효과가 어느 정도인지 측정해보고, 각 향신료들 간의 항산화효과를 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 각 향신료 에탄올 추출물의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정한 결과, 정향(92.9%)과 계피(89.9%)가 높은 저해활성을 보였다. 각 향신료의 에탄올 추출물의 지질과산화억제 활성은 정향만이 55.8%로 강한 linoleic acid의 과산화화 억제 활성을 보인 것으로 나타났고, 고추냉이, 겨자, 정향은 에탄올 추출물의 농도가 증가할수록 지질과산화 저해율이 상승하였으나, 후추와 계피는 1000 ${\mu}g$/assay의 고농도에서는 저해율이 다소 감소하는 경향을 보여 최고의 효과를 보인 농도는 300 ${\mu}g$/assay 수준임을 알 수 있었다. MDA에 대한 단백질 보호효과를 검색한 결과, 겨자와 고추냉이가 각각 73.2%와 72.2%로 MDA-BSA의 교차결합을 효과적으로 차단하였고, 후추도 61.6%의 저해율을 보였다. 이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 각 측정법에 따라 항산화 효과에 차이가 있었으나 이들 향신료를 상용함으로서 생체산화와 관련된 질병 및 노화의 예방과 억제효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양학회 2003년도 하계 학술 심포지엄
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• pp.77-77
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidative effect as the inhibition of MDA and BSA conjugation reaction, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the scavenging effect on DPPH radical, and antimutagenic capacities as the Ames test in 7 common vegetables taken by Korean for suggestion of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative and antimutagenic functional food. The water extracted fractions of perilla leaves were most effective in the inhibition of MDA and BSA conjugation reaction showing 77.2% of inhibition rate among 7 vegetables. The inhibition rates of ethanol extracted fractions of sedum and wild water dropwort on the lipid peroxidation were 67.1% and 61.5%, respectively. The ethanol extracted fractions of crown daisy and wild water dropwort showed the most effective results among 7 vegetables in the DPPH radical scavenging capacities showing inhibition rate of 78.8% and 73.6%, respectively. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extract of 7 vegetables were examined by Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. Inhibitory effects of wild water dropwort was superior to the other vegetables on the Ames test. These results suggest that common 7 vegetables taken by Korean are believed to be a possible antioxidative and antimutagenic capacities, although the resultswere different, some or less, according to the assay method and vegetables used.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidative effect and antimutagenic capacity of ethanol extracts of Flammulina velutipes by employing biological and biochemical assays. The $IC_{50}$ of MDA with BSA conjugation reaction, lipid peroxidation and scavenging effect on DPPH radical in ethanol extracts of Flammulina velutipes was found to be 28.39 mg/assay, 9.33 mg/assay and 144.61 mg/assay respectively. Therefore, the most effective antioxidative capacity of ethanol extracts of Flammulina velutipes was $Fe^+$-induced linoleate peroxidation, among the method used this study. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of the ethanol extracts of Flammulina velutipes were examined by the Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibition rates on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-anthramine and on direct mutagenicity mediated by sodium azide in Salmonella typimurium TA100 and mediated by 2-nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 were 0%, respectively. These findings indicate that ethanol extracts of Flammulina velutipes have no effects on indirect and direct mutagenicity. Based on these results, it believed that the ethanol extracts of Flammulina velutipes has antioxidative capacities, and is a the candidate for the prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and the development of antioxidative functional food.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1344-1350
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• 2003

한국인이 일상생활에서 손쉽게 구입하여 주로 상용하는 7종의 채소에 대해 MDA에 대한 단백질의 보호효과, linoleic acid를 이용한 지질과산화억제, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정하여 항산화 효과를 측정하고, Ames test를 통한 항돌연변이능의 탐색 및 상호 비교 결과는 다음과 같다. 7종의 채소류물 추출물의 MDA에 대한 단백질의 보호효과에서는 깻잎과 돌나물(62.5%)이 가장 효과적으로 MDA의 교차결합을 차단하였고 부추, 참취, 돌미나리도 각각 57.4%, 53.5%, 45.6%의 저해율을 보였다. 또한 MDA의 교차결합의 형성 차단정도를 비교한 상대 저해율은 채소류의 물추출물 처리농도가 증가할수록 저해율이 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 7종의 채소류 에탄올추출물의 지질과 산화억제 활성을 측정한 결과, 가장 우수한 저해활성을 보인 채소는 상대적으로 돌나물(67.1%), 돌미나리(61.5%)가 유지류의 자동산화 반응에 대한 항산화효과가 가장 높았다. 7종의 채소류 에탄올추출물의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정한 결과, 쑥갓(78.8%), 돌미나리 (73.6%)가 높은 저해활성을 보였다. 각 채소류 에탄올 추출물들의 $IC_{50}$/값은 쑥갓이 31.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/assay, 돌미나리가 93.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/assay이었다. Ames test를 통한 채소류 에탄올 추출물의 항돌연변이능 실험에서는, 간접 작용 항돌연변이 능을 S. typimurium TA98로 측정한 결과 2-anthramine에 대한 항돌연변이능은 돌미나리(99.8%), 깻잎(85.6%), 부추(79.6%), 쑥갓(79.4%), 시금치(74.5%)등이 높았다. S. typimurium TA100에서 2-anthramine의 돌연변이능에 대한 저해효과는 돌미나리(100.0%), 쑥갓(79.1%), 시금치 (71.3%) 등이 높았다. 직접작용 항돌연변이능을 S. typimurium TA98로 실험한 결과 2-nitrofluorene의 돌연변이능의 저해율이 높은 채소는 깻잎(82.8%), 참취 (82.3%), 쑥갓(56.6%)이었다. 또한 S. typimurium TA100 에서 sodium azide의 돌연변이능에 저해효과가 가장 큰 채소는 돌미나리 (91.8%)이었다. 따라서 MDA & BSA conjugation 반응, 지질과산화억제활성, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성을 측정한 결과, 각 측정법에 따라 항산화효과에 차이가 있었으나 이들 7종의 채소류를 상용함으로써 광범위하게는 만성 성인병의 예방 및 치료에 효과를 볼 수 있을 것이라고 사료되며, 본 연구의 결과가 항산화성 및 항돌연변이성 기능성 식품을 개발할 수 있는 기초자료로 이용될 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권6호통권90호
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• pp.759-768
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• 2005

This study was performed to determine the antioxidative effect of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, butanol and water fractions of Ganoderma lucidum extracts on the inhibition of malondialdehyde(MDA) and bovine serum albumin(BSA) conjugation reaction, the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) radical, the antimutagenic capacity as measured by the Ames test and the inhibitory effect on cancer cell. Ganoderma lucidum is believed to have possible antioxidative capacities, although the results have varied according to the assay method. The most effective antioxidative capacity was inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Among the five fractions, water fraction showed strong inhibition rates on MDA & BSA conjugation reaction, and ethylacetate fractions showed the most effective inhibition rate on lipid peroxidation and scavenging effect on DPPH radical. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum were examined by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Among the samples, the water fraction did not have any antimutagenic effect. The inhibition rates on mutagenicity in the presence of 2.5 mg/plate were nearly $100\%$ for Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 except the hexane fraction of the direct mutagenicity mediated by 2-Nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98($64.69\%$). Under the 2.5 mg/plate concentration, the inhibitory effects of hexane and dichloromethane fraction were superior to that of the other fractions on the direct mutagenicity for Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and indirect mutagenicity for Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibitory effect of Ganoderma lucidum extracts on cell proliferation in HeLa and MCF-7 was investigated by U test. The dichloromethane fraction showed highly antiproliferative effect in HeLa and MCF-7($IC_{50}$: 0.122 mg/mL, 0.272 mg/mL, respectively) cells while the water faction had a weak inhibitory effect($IC_{50}$: 0.691 mg/mL, 10.919 mg/mL respectively). These results suggest that Ganoderma lucidum may have antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer capacities and may be a candidate of the prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and the development of antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer functional food.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2005

The antioxidative effect, antimutagenic capacity and inhibitory effect of cancer cell proliferation in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum were studied for suggestion of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer functional food by employing biological and biochemical assay. The IC/sub 50/ of MDA with BSA conjugation reaction, lipid peroxidation and scavenging effect on DPPH radical in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum showed 1026.21 mg/mL, 0.152 mg/mL and 0.412 mg/mL, respectively. So, the most effective antioxidative capacity in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum was the lipid peroxidation, among the method used this study. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum were examined by Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibition rates on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-Anthramine showed 100% in the Salmonella typimurium TA98 and 98.74% in the Salmonella typimurium TA100 and the direct mutagenicity mediated by sodium azide in Salmonella typimurium TA100 was 82.96%. But, the inhibitory effect on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-Nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 was low(7.81%). The inhibitory Effect of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extracts on cell proliferation in Hela and MCF-7 by MTT test were 74.36% in HeLa and 73.90% in MCF-7 at the 0.50 mg/assay concentration and IC/sub 50/ were 0.163 mg/mL and 0.196 mg/mL respectively. From this result, it is suggested that Ganoderma lucidum is believed to have a possible antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer capacities.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2007

The antioxidative effect and antimutagenic capacity in ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes were studied for suggestion of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative and antimutagenic functional food by employing biological and biochemical assay. The $IC_{50}$ of MDA with BSA conjugation reaction, lipid peroxidation and scavenging effect on DPPH radical in ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes showed 74.58 mg/assay, 5.747 mg/assay and 0.939 mg/assay respectively. So, the most effective antioxidative capacity in ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes was the scavenging effect on DPPH radical, among the method used this study. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes were examined by Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibition rates on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-anthramine showed 91.67% in the Salmonella typimurium TA98 and 96.60% in the Salmonella typimurium TA100. The inhibitory effect on direct mutagenicity mediated by sodium azide in Salmonella typimurium TA100 was 22.83%. and mediated by 2-nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 was 5.34%. This data indicates that ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes have more effective effects on indirect mutagenicity than direct mutagenicity. From this result, it believed to have a possible antioxidative and antimutagenic capacities, and taken for the candidate of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative and antimutagenic functional food.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.888-896
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• 2012

Considering the dearth of information regarding the medicinal properties of Luffa cylindrica, we assessed the antioxidative, antimutagenic and hyperplasia inhibitory activity of cancer cells from Luffa cylindrica extracts by employing biological and biochemical assays. Ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica inhibited MDA-BSA (malondialdehyde-bovine serum albumin) conjugation reaction ($66.38{\pm}2.65$), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical production ($60.13{\pm}0.42$) and lipid peroxidation ($56.04{\pm}3.24$). In this study, Luffa cylindrica is believed to exert possible antioxidative effects. The direct and indirect antimutagenic effects of the ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica were examined by the Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibitory effects on indirect and direct mutagenicity shows an weak tendency, particularly in direct mutagenicity mediated by 2-nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 ($5.82{\pm}5.74$) and in indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-anthramine in Salmonella typimurium TA100 ($5.76{\pm}2.15$). The ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica on cancer cell hyperplasia inhibitory activity via MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay exerted cytotoxic effects on Hela cells ($55.83{\pm}3.83$) and MCF-7 cells ($33.03{\pm}2.09$), which were used in this study. Based on these results, it believed that the ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica have antioxidative capacities as well as hyperplasia inhibitory activity of cancer cells. Furthemore, Luffa cylindrica is a candidate for the prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and for the development of functional food.