• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.7C
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• pp.665-671
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose and observe a system that adopts Independent-MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) level for each layer in the combined AMC-V-BLAST (Adaptive Modulation and Coding-Vertical-Bell-lab Layered Space-Time) system. Also, comparing with the combined system using Common-MCS level, we observe throughput performance improvement. As a result of simulation, Independent-MCS level case adapts modulation and coding scheme for maximum throughput to each channel condition in separate layer, resulting in improved throughput compared to Common-MCS level case. Especially, the results show that the combined AMC-V-BLAST system with Independent-MCS level achieves a gain of 700kbps in $7dB{\sim}9dB$ SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) range.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose and observe a system that adopts Common-MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) level over all layer and Independent-MCS level for each layer in the combined AMC-V-BLAST (Adaptive Modulation and Coding-Vertical-Bell-lab Layered Space-Time) system. Also, comparing with the combined system using Common-MCS level, we observe throughput performance improvement in case of Independent-MCS level. As a result of simulation, Independent-MCS level case adapts modulation and coding scheme for maximum throughput to each channel condition in separate layer, resulting in improved throughput compared to Common-MCS level case. Especially, the results show that the combined AMC-V-BLAST system with Independent-MCS level achieves a gain of 700kbps in $7{\sim}9dB$ SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) range against using Common-MCS level. In addition, the combined AMC-V-BLAST system using MMSEnulling method with receive diversity is verified that the difference of throughput between Independent MCS level system and common MCS level system in $7dB{\sim}9dB$ SNR is about 350kbps more or less.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.183-193
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• 2016

Recently, collaborations through MCS use in team projects are frequently conducted. This study developed a research model to examine the impact of collaboration through MCS on project performance. Team commitment and team trust regarded as the key drivers of enhancing project performance. Moreover, we also investigated the effect of usefulness of MCS on project performance. We posit ubiquity, polychronic use, and ease of use as the key antecedents of usefulness of MCS. The proposed theoretical framework was tested by using survey data collected from 116 university students who have rich experience with collaboration through MCS. PLS was employed for the analysis of the data. The analysis results showed that team trust significantly influences team commitment and project performance, respectively. However, usefulness of MCS is not significantly related to team commitment, while it play a prominent role in enhancing project performance. The results reveals that ease of use has a significant effect on usefulness of MCS, whereas ubiquity and polychronic use are not significantly related to it. From theoretical and practical perspective, this paper can provide in-depth knowledge of the effects of collaboration via MCS on project performance.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.62-69
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• 2008

In this study physicochemical characteristics and stability of various manganese coated sands (MCS) prepared with different methods were evaluated. In addition, removal efficiencies of As(III) by each MCS were compared. Four different MCSs were used; B-MCS prepared by baking method, W&D-MCS prepared by wetting and dry method, NMCS prepared during the water treatment process and Birm which is a commercial MCS widely used for the removal iron and manganese. The manganese content in each MCS was following order: Birm (63,120 mg/kg) > N-MCS (10,400 mg/kg) >W&D-MCS (5,080 mg/kg) > B-MCS (2,220 mg/kg). Birm showed the least solubility (% basis) in acidic conditions. As(III) oxidation efficiency of B-MCS was continuously increased as the solution pH decreased. While As(III) oxidation efficiency of N-MCS and Birm was minimum around neutral pH. The increased As(III) oxidation efficiency above neutral pH for N-MCS and Birm could be due to the competitive adsorption of $Mn^{2+}$, which was produced from reduction of $MnO_2$, onto the surface of aluminum and manganese oxides.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.4048-4056
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• 2023

The feasibility of using the Monte Carlo code MCS to generate multigroup cross sections for nodal diffusion simulations RAST-F of liquid metal fast reactors is investigated in this paper. The performance of the MCS/RAST-F code system is assessed using steady-state simulations of the ANTS-100e core. The results show good agreement between MCS/RAST-F and MCS reference solutions, with a keff difference of less than 77 pcm and root-mean-square differences in radial and axial power of less than 0.5% and 0.25%, respectively. Furthermore, the MCS/RAST-F reactivity feedback coefficients are within three standard deviations of the MCS coefficients. To validate the internal thermal-hydraulic (TH) feedback capability in RAST-F code, the coupled neutronic/TH1D simulation of ANTS-100e is performed using the case matrix obtained from MCS branch calculations. The results are compared to those obtained using the MARS-LBE system code and show good agreement with relative temperature differences in fuel and coolant of less than 0.8%. This study demonstrates that the MCS/RAST-F code system can produce accurate results for core steady-state neutronic calculations and for coupled neutronic/TH simulations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.374-384
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose and observe a system that adopts Independent-MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) level for each layer in the combined AMC-V-BLAST (Adaptive Modulation and Coding-Vertical-Bell-lab Layered Space-Time) system. In addition, we consider the throughput performance of combined AMC-V-BLAST system using STD (Selection Transmit Diversity) and Independent-MCS level. Also, comparing with the combined system using Common-MCS level, we observe throughput performance improvement. As a result of simulation Independent-MCS level case adapts modulation and coding scheme for maximum throughput to each channel condition in separate layer, resulting in improved throughput compared to Common-MCS level case. Especially, the results show that the combined AMC-V-BLAST system with Independent-MCS level achieves a gain of 700kbps in $7{\sim}9dB$ SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) range and the combined AMC-V-BLAST system with STD and Independent-MCS level achieves a gain of 350kbps in the same SNR range.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.661-673
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• 2020

The quarter-core simulation of BEAVRS Cycle 2 depletion benchmark has been conducted using the MCS/CTF coupling system. MCS/CTF is a cycle-wise Picard iteration based inner-coupling code system, which couples sub-channel T/H (thermal/hydraulic) code CTF as a T/H solver in Monte Carlo neutron transport code MCS. This coupling code system has been previously applied in the BEAVRS benchmark Cycle 1 full-core simulation. The Cycle 2 depletion has been performed with T/H feedback based on the spent fuel materials composition pre-generated by the Cycle 1 depletion simulation using refueling capability of MCS code. Meanwhile, the MCS internal one-dimension T/H solver (MCS/TH1D) has been also applied in the simulation as the reference. In this paper, an analysis of the detailed criticality boron concentration and the axially integrated assembly-wise detector signals will be presented and compared with measured data based on the real operating physical conditions. Moreover, the MCS/CTF simulated results for neutronics and T/H parameters will be also compared to MCS/TH1D to figure out their difference, which proves the practical application of MCS into the BEAVRS benchmark two-cycle depletion simulations.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.878-888
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• 2020

This paper presents the validation of UNIST in-house Monte Carlo code MCS used for the high-fidelity simulation of commercial pressurized water reactors (PWRs). Its focus is on the accurate, spatially detailed neutronic analyses of startup physics tests for the initial core of the Watts Bar Nuclear 1 reactor, which is a vital step in evaluating core phenomena in an operating nuclear power reactor. The MCS solutions for the Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications (VERA) core physics benchmark progression problems 1 to 5 were verified with KENO-VI and Serpent 2 solutions for geometries ranging from a single-pin cell to a full core. MCS was also validated by comparing with results of reactor zero-power physics tests in a full-core simulation. MCS exhibits an excellent consistency against the measured data with a bias of ±3 pcm at the initial criticality whole-core problem. Furthermore, MCS solutions for rod worth are consistent with measured data, and reasonable agreement is obtained for the isothermal temperature coefficient and soluble boron worth. This favorable comparison with measured parameters exhibited by MCS continues to broaden its validation basis. These results provide confidence in MCS's capability in high-fidelity calculations for practical PWR cores.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1186-1191
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• 2006

Removal efficiency of As(III) through oxidation and adsorption in column reactors was investigated at different ratios of manganese-coated sand(MCS) and iron-coated sand(ICS) : MCS-alone, ICS-alone and both of ICS and MCS. The breakthrough of arsenic immediately occurred from a column reactor with MCS-alone. However, most of the arsenic present in the effluent was identified as As(V) due to the oxidation of As(III) by MCS. While five-times delayed breakthrough of arsenic was observed from a column reactor with ICS-alone. At a complete breakthrough of arsenic, the removed As(III) was 36.1 mg with 1 kg ICS. To find an optimum ratio of ICS and MCS in the column packed with both ICS and MCS, the removal efficiency of As(III) was investigated at three different ratios of ICS/MCS with a fixed amount of ICS. The breakthrough time of arsenic was quite similar in the different ratios ICS/MCS. However, much slower breakthrough of arsenic was observed as the ratio of ICS/MCS decreased. As the ratio of ICS/MCS decreased the concentration of As(III) in the effluent decreased and then showed below 50 ppb at an equal amount of ICS and MCS, suggesting more efficient oxidation of As(III) by greater amount of MCS. When a complete breakthrough of arsenic occurred, the removed total arsenic with an equal amount of ICS and MCS was 68.5 mg with 1 kg of filter material.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2016

Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures. Though the exact causes for epilepsy are unknown, genetic mutations, especially altered gene functions, have been implicated as key causative components of epilepsy. We recently identified a causing gene for the Miles-Carpenter syndrome (MCS). MCS patients have intellectual disability and epilepsy. MCS knockout (KO) zebrafish also show a seizure-like phenotype with hyperactivity of pectoral fin and jaw movement, resulting from loss of GABAergic interneurons. To evaluate MCS KO zebrafish as an epilepsy model, we tested the effects of retigabine, an anticonvulsant drug, on the movement of MCS KO zebrafish.