• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2013

Trachytic cliff showing a unique appearance like noodle is located in the Mt. Bipa, Seo-myeon, Ulleung island. This cliff is named 'Guksubawi'(means noodle-like rock) by its appearance. There is cliffs on three sides except north side and each side shows semi-vertical columnar joints obviously. This columnar joint has different character in appearance and mineralogy according to their direction and this tendency is remarkable in contrast between the east side and the west side. The consideration of the cooling processes after eruption of trachytic lava based on the contrast of both columnar joints dealt in the full text. In the morphological approach, the columnar joint on the east side has narrower space and chisel-like marks than the west side. And the joint walls are sharper on the east side than west side too. In the mineralogical approach, then, trachyte on the west side has bigger phenocrysts than the east side and is showing glomeroporphyritic texture and weak trachytic textures of lath of plagioclase. Around these differences between the east side and the west side, it modelled the typical temperature gradient while the cooling processes of hot rocks and the east side, consequently, corresponds to exterior of the entire trachytic volume. The columnar joint of the Guksubawi has the value of landscape and scientific importance about the forming processes of the columnar joint of trachytic lava, and so supposed it has enough values to preserved as natural heritage.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.206-217
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• 2016

This study was conducted to assess the recognition and consumption of health functional food (HFF) of the college students in the Northern Gyeonggi-do area (Republic of Korea). To accomplish this, a survey was conducted to investigate 360 college students (183 males and 177 females) regarding their general characteristics, as well as the recognition, knowledge, considerations, purchases and consumption of HFF. Most male and female students (68.9% and 61.6%, respectively) were unaware of the HFF certification mark, however, more females(58.8%) were aware of the legal HFF definition compared to males (36.6%). The HFF advertising routes for males and females were 'TV radio' (43.2% and 43.5%, respectively) and 'internet smart phones' (19.7% and 27.1%, respectively). The main factor considered for selection and the most serious problem concerning HFF by males and females were 'effectiveness' (36.1% and 43.6%, respectively) and 'hype (exaggerated advertisement)' (35.0% and 55.9%, respectively). The main purchase route by males and females was 'pharmacy' (35.2% and 27.8%, respectively). The main reason for HFF product purchase by males and females was 'health promotion' (38.8% and 29.4%, respectively) and the main reason for not purchasing an HFF product was 'no health problem'(34.8% and 36.7%, respectively). The percentage of HFF consumption was 46.0% in males and 69.8% in females. The main HFF product consumed by males and females was 'vitamin mineral' (36.9% and 43.5%, respectively). The main reason for HFF consumption by males was 'health promotion' (31.0%) and females was 'recovery from fatigue' (21.8%). The main reason for not consuming HFF by males and females was 'no health problem' (38.4% and 41.5%, respectively). These results suggest the need to provide correct information concerning HFF to college students. Based on these results, greater efforts should be made to provide meaningful information regarding factors affecting purchase and consumption patterns for college students related to the research and development of HFF in the Northern Gyeonggi-do area.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.367-377
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• 2015

ADCPs have been highlighted so far for measuring steramflow discharge in terms of their high-order of accuracy, relatively low cost and less field operators driven by their easy in-situ operation. While ADCPs become increasingly dominant in hydrometric area, their actual measurement accuracy for velocity and bathymetry measurement has not been sufficiently validated due to the lack of reliable bench-mark data, and subsequently there are still many uncertain aspects for using ADCPs in the field. This research aimed at analyzing inter-comparison results between ADCP measurements with respect to the detailed ADV measurement in a specified field environment. Overall, 184 ADV points were collected for densely designed grids for the given cross-section that has 6 m of width, 1 m of depth, and 0.7 m/s of averaged mean flow velocity. Concurrently, ADCP fixed-points measurements were conducted for each 0.2m and 0.02m of horizontal and vertical spacing respectively. The inter-comparison results indicated that ADCP matched ADV velocity very accurately for 0.4~0.8 of relative depth (y/h), but noticeable deviation occurred between them in near surface and bottom region. For evaluating the capacity of measuring bathymetry of ADCPs, bottom tracking bathymetry based on oblique beams showed better performance than vertical beam approach, and similar results were shown for fixed and moving-boat method as well. Error analysis for velocity and bathymetry measurements of ADCP can be potentially able to be utilized for the more detailed uncertainty analysis of the ADCP discharge measurement.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.54-59
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• 1999

In order to investigate the behavior of the herbicide metolachlor [2-chloro-6'-ethyl-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)aceto-O-toluidide] in fish, carps (Cyprinus carpio L.) were exposed to the herbicide at $LC_{10}$(1.93 mg/L) for 4 days. Metolachlor dissolved in water was absorbed rapidly into carps to mark the maximum concentration 6 hours after exposure. The amounts of the $^{14}C$-metolachlor and its metabolites absorbed in gall were much higher than those in the other parts, strongly suggesting that biliary excretion involving enterohepatic recirculation could be an important route for the elimination of metolachlor. The $^{14}C$-radioactivity distributed into aqueous phase fraction in test water and in carp extract was increased in time-dependent manner. Extraction rate of $^{14}C$ absorbed in carp tissues was decreased remarkably up to 6 hours after exposure, suggesting that the possible polar metabolites of metolachlor were transformed into the conjugates to form non-extractable bound residues.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.7-11
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• 2012

"Great things in business are never done by one person; they're done by a team of people." By Steve Jobs, 2003. As define by Linda Naiam - Creativity is the act of turning new and imaginative ideas into reality. Creativity involves two processes: thinking, then producing. Innovation is the production or implementation of an idea. If you have ideas, but don't act on them, you are imaginative but not creative. So in order to maintain the pace with the changing business scenario and coping with the competition Innovation and Creativity is considered a mandatory tool for a business to exist and grow in market. Whether a company is Employee centric or Business centric Innovation and creativity has to have its space in order to keep a business ahead of others in the Market. Also it's not just the competition which has led to the Innovation and Creativity in Business practices it's also the demanding chunk of consumers and customers who are aware and prefer maximum choices before making a final deal. Another reason as to why there is a change in business practices is the globalization of businesses where you need to rope in the Innovative ideas to launch and sustain in new market. There had been tremendous shift in business practices but to give a room to innovative ideas and implement that creativity need ample to space and vision along with an attitude where in you can resist for getting an immediate results from innovative business practices. Corporate Creativity is characterized by the ability to perceive the world in new ways, to find hidden patterns, to make connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena, and to generate solutions. Generating fresh solutions to problems, and the ability to create new products, processes or services for a changing market, are part of the intellectual capital that give a company its competitive edge. Creativity is a crucial part of the innovation equation. The innovation and creativity is not limited to any area of business, it can start from your waiting lounge to your board room meeting depending upon how the things are perceived and implemented for the betterment of people and business. The purpose of this research is to understand the latest creative business approaches and practices that organizations are following to be different from their competitors. Also this shift from generic business practices to the Innovative and Creative approach seems to take the business into new world. This approaches means starting from the bottom of the Pyramid and finally touching the pinnacles in Innovation and creativity. The paper will discuss on the various areas of business where in innovative approaches can be roped in and sets new bench mark altogether in the business arena.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.131-138
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• 2014

The steel structure fabrication plant certification program was enacted as a part of the construction technology management act, article 24-3, to improve the quality of steel construction after the decay falling accident of Seongsu Bridge in 1994. However, the national certification program for structural precast concrete that is a prefabricated construction products produced by casting concrete in plant is not implemented yet. So, to introduce the proper certification system for precast concrete, the quality certification programs of North America, Europe and Japan are surveyed. In North America, the organizations that manage the plant certification programs are PCI, NPCA, CPCI and so on. Sales of precast concrete elements in Europe are governed by the construction products regulation 305/2011. Therefore, CE marking is mandatory from July 2013 for all construction products including precast concrete. In Japan, precast concrete products used in civil engineering are certificated by JIS mark, product certification system and plants for manufacturing precast concrete building elements are audited by Japan Prefabricated Construction Suppliers and Manufacturers Association. Based on these survey studies, in this paper is described an adaptation of precast concrete plant certification to comport with the certification system in Korea.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.4 s.141
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• pp.299-306
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• 2005

Soybean seed injury was analyzed in the experiments that soybean pods were allowed to be sucked by adults of the bean bug, R. clavatus, and were picked with a specimen pin. While attack by the bean bug at podding stage of soybean caused the increase of empty pods and completely-undeveloped seeds, attack at full seed stage caused the increase of seeds wi distinct injury mark on seed-coat. The ratio of deformed seed was lower than those of injury-marked seed and undeveloped seed when attacked during all stages. In at full bloom stage hardly produced injury-marked seeds and deformed seeds. When the injured seeds were dyed with acid-fuchsine solution, stylet sheaths of R. clavatus formed on seed-coat were observed in 83% of undeveloped seeds formed under attack during podding stage and in 91% of injury-marked seeds formed during full seed stage. In pods injured with a specimen pin at full seed and full maturity stages, no healthy seeds could be obtained from the pods. And the more picked at full seed stage, the more deformed seeds were produced and the higher weight reduction of injury-marked seed occurred. However, pin-injury at full maturity stage didn't give rise to weight reduction of seeds.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.667-674
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• 2003

The paper examines the effect of physical exercise on blood lipid with young male students. Our analysis is based on the body measurement, food intake and blood lipid component for 70 male students of Kongju National University who either major in physical exercise (group A) or do not major in physical exercise (group B). The average weight of group A is 71.97 $\pm$ 10.79 kg while that of group B is 67.57 $\pm$ 8.66 kg. The former is significantly higher (p<0.05) than the latter. The SBP of group A (128.20 $\pm$ 11.40 mmHg) is significantly (p<0.001) higher than that of group B (136.27 $\pm$ 13.18 mmHg). In terms of the intake of total kcal, group A marks significantly higher than group B; group A goes with 2190.26 $\pm$ 581.96 kcal and group B goes with 2392.94 $\pm$ 769.03 kcal. The comparative analysis of the three nutrient intake shows that the intake proportions for group A are carbohydrate 55.08 $\pm$ 6.03%, protein 15.58 $\pm$ 2.75%, and lipid 29.34 $\pm$ 5.16% while the intake proportions for group B are carbohydrate 57.29 $\pm$ 8.09%, protein 15.62 $\pm$ 3.26%, and lipid 27.10 $\pm$ 6.90%. For group A, the vitamin B$_1$ intake amounts to 1.50 $\pm$ 0.5 mg which fulfills 100% of RDA, and the niacin intake amounts to 16.57 $\pm$ 5.54 mg N.E which is less than RDA. In contrast, both intakes for group B are more than the RDA. In the case with minerals except calcium, both group A and B mark more intake than RDA. Group A's calcium intake is 517.12 $\pm$ 200.63 mg and group B's is 409.56 mg. The total cholesterol intake for group A is 447.00 $\pm$ 245.08 mg which is significantly (p<0.05) higher than for group B with 352.35 $\pm$ 200.25 mg. The total cholesterol in the lipid of serum is 151.30 $\pm$ 12.92 mg/dl for group A and 182.30 mg/dl for group B, where the dominance of group B over group A is true at the level of significance 0.01. In the case with triglyceride, group A is 107.57 $\pm$ 31.60 mg/dl and group B is 108.07 $\pm$ 33.93 mg/dl so that the group difference is non-significant. The HDL-cholesterol for group A is 54.67 $\pm$ 6.49 mg/dl which is significantly higher (p<0.001) than for group B with 36.13 $\pm$ 4.64 mg/dl. We conclude that regular exercise may have an effect on blood lipid metabolism among young males.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.299-324
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• 2018

This study analyzes the processes and the needs of public library services for multicultural populations based on cooperation between public libraries and local organizations. In-depth interviews with public librarians and officers of local organizations were conducted for this case study. Result shows that cooperation was inevitable because there was not enough library personnel compared to the amount of services they have to provide, and the librarians did not have proper skills to serve the diverse populations. Public libraries were cooperating with many local organizations including the Multicultural Family Support Center. Gatekeepers of ethnic communities were playing important roles in promoting and inviting participants for library programs. Many children and young adults with immigration background gained positive views on reading and libraries after participating library programs based on cooperation between public libraries and local organizations, which was recognized as the best achievement of cooperation by many interviewees. Despite many good results of cooperation, how to get to the majority of diverse populations who are not library users yet is still a question mark. Interviewees for this study all agreed that current library service has limitations and insisted a whole new method to invite immigrants and their families to public libraries should be created.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.415-430
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• 2000

From March 10 to April 3, 1999. questionnaires were sent to 157 students at an university located in Hongsong. South Choongchung Province in order to find out their eating habits and exercise patterns. The analysis of the questionnaires collected reveals the followings. 1. Eating Habits 1) 76 out of total 157 respondents (48.4%) said that they skipped breakfast. The significant difference was shown in the frequency of breakfast eating based on respondents' sex. Male students had higher rate of going without breakfast (73.92%) than their female counterparts (28.41%). 2) Most respondents finished eating their meals within 20 minutes. with 58.5% spending 10 to 20 minutes. followed by 28.0% taking less than 10 minutes. 3) With respect to the frequency of eating snacks. 1 to 2 times per day came on top with 63.7%. Significant difference was shown based on sex. with male students having more frequent snacks than female students. 40.1% of those surveyed said they ate snacks because they were either bored or hungry, respectively, 67.5% took snacks after school followed by 23.6% who had snacks after dinner. 4) Concerning the frequency of taking food. 1 to 2 times per week recorded the highest mark for beta-carotine. fruits. fish. beans. milk. seaweeds and fries. As for vegetables. 6 to 7 times a week received the highest points. Males showed significantly higher frequency of taking fruits than females. while the opposite was true for beans. 5) More than 50% of the respondents chose rice and fruits as the food they could eat really well. All those surveyed ate fruits and vegetables. More than 10% of students said they did not eat donut. chocolate. candies. fries. coke and clear carbonated beverage. milk. ham and sausage. The food that revealed significant difference based on sex included ramyon, coke and clear carbonated beverages, ham and sausage, yogurt and milk, with males showing greater preference than their female counterparts. 6) The most preferred by respondents was spicy taste (49.04%), followed by sour (36.31%), sweet (25.48%), and salty tastes(21.1%). Those surveyed shunned sweet taste the most (21.02%), followed by sour (14.65%), spicy (8.92%), salty (5.10%) tastes. 2. Workout Patterns 1) 14.01% of the respondents said they took exercise. Based on sex, males showed significantly higher rate of 21.74% than 7.95% of females. Those who took exercise did so mostly three times a week. With regard to the time spent on workout. 'within 2 hours' received the highest points. Soccer was found to be the most popular sport among the respondents. The above analysis demonstrated that the students surveyed selected relatively sound answers in the categories of the food preference and taste. However. some skipped breakfast and liked eating snacks. and most did not take exercise, which may raise health problems including the weight increase. Therefore, ways should be devised to tackle such problems to ensure healthy lives.