• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 1985

특이 단백질(gene II protein)의 정성적 또는 정량적 변화에 의해 DNA 복제에 필요한 replication orgin sequence의 일부분이었단 replication enhancer를 불필요하게 함으로써 minimum replication origin을 core region만으로 국한 되게 함이었다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.411-418
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• 2007

We studied the bottom morphology and sedimentary environments of the Masan Bay using high-resolution Chirp seismic profiles and sediments data. According to deep-drilled core samples (up to 20 m thick) penetrated into the weathered rock basement, the sediments consist largely of three sediment types: the lower sandy gravel facies (Unit I) of 1-4 m in thickness, the middle sandy mud and/or muddy sand facies(Unit II) of 1-2 m thick and the upper mudfacies (Unit III) of over 10 m in thickness. The sedimentary column above the acoustic basement can be divided into two major sequences by a relatively strong mid-reflector, which show the lower sedimentary sequenc e(T) with parallel to subparallel internal reflectors and the upper sedimentary sequence(H) with free acoustic patterns. Acoustic basement, the lower sedimentary sequence (T), and the upper sequence (H) are well correlated with poorly sorted massive sandy gravels (Unit I), the sand/mud-mixed sediment (Unit II), and the muddy facies(Unit III), respectively. The acoustic facies and sediment data suggest that the Masan bay is one of the most typical semi-enclosed coastal embayments developed during the Holocene sea-level changes. The area of the Masan Bay reduced from about $19\;km^2$ in 1964 to about $13\;km^2$ in 2005 by reclamation, and its bottom morphology changed as a result of dredging of about $2{\times}10^7\;m^3$.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.305-310
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• 1996

Five edible mountain vegetables(Saussurea sp. Aster tataricus, A. scaber. Synurus deltoides, Ligularia fischeri) were investigated on the basis of amplified DNA polymorphisms resulted from PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis. The sampled plants consisted of 38 individuals in 5 taxa. Only 10 primers out of 62 primers (60 random [10-mer] primers, two 15-mer [M13 core sequence, and (GGAT) sequence]) tested gave rise to polymorphisms in all of the tested plants, producing 176 DAN fragments amplified. Intraspecific polymorphisms found in each taxa showed intraspecies constancy (31.1-61.1%) in the banding patterns of individual plants: Saussurea sp. 31.1%, 15 bands, Aster tataricus, 40.9%, 18 bands, A. scaber. 38.5%, 15 bands. Synurus deltoides, 34.7%, 17 bands, and Ligularia fischeri, 61.1%, 22 brands, respectively. All five species were well classified from each other at the 0.93 level of similarity index value. Intraspecific and interspecific variations were appeared at the levels ranging from 0.62 to 0.99. Based on these results, our PCR analyses support the previous data derived from external morphology of the 5 edible mountain vegetables, but very low levels o intraspecific variations were detected in all of these taxa.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.6
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• 2011

Recently, with the progress of genome sequencing, materials and information for research on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) have been systematically organized. Tomato genomics tools including mutant collections, genome sequence information, full-length cDNA and metabolomic datasets have become available to the research community. In Japan, the National BioResource Project Tomato (NBRP Tomato) was launched in 2007, with aims to collect, propagate, maintain and distribute tomato bioresources to promote functional genomics studies in tomato. To this end, the dwarf variety Micro-Tom was chosen as a core genetic background, due to its many advantages as a model organism. In this project, a total of 12,000 mutagenized lines, consisting of 6000 EMS-mutagenized and 6000 gamma-ray irradiated M2 seeds, were produced, and the M3 offspring seeds derived from 2236 EMS-mutagenized M2 lines and 2700 gamma-ray irradiated M2 lines have been produced. Micro-Tom mutagenized lines in the M3 generation and monogenic Micro-Tom mutants are provided from NBRP tomato. Moreover, tomato cultivated varieties and its wild relatives, both of these are widely used for experimental study, are available. In addition to these bioresources, NBRP Tomato also provides 13,227 clones of full-length cDNA which represent individual transcripts non-redundantly. In this paper, we report the current status of NBRP Tomato and its future prospects.

• Plant Resources
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2000

Intraspecific genetic relationship of 19 variation types of the Yam (Dioscorea alata) classified by their external morphological characteristics such as leaf and tuber shape were assessed by DNA using random and specific primer. Twenty two out of 113 primers (100 random[10-mer] primers, two 15 mer [M13 core sequence, and (GGAT)$_4$ sequence]) had been used in PCR-amplification. Only 12 primers, however, were success in DNA amplification in all of the analyzed plants, resulting in 93 randomly and specifically amplified DNA fragments. The analyzed taxa showed very high polymorphisms(69 bands, 71.0 %), allowing individual taxon to be identified based on DNA fingerprinting. Monomorphic bands among total amplified DNA bands of each primer was low under the 50%. Similarity indices between accessions were computed from PCR(polymerase chain reaction) data, and genetic relationships among intraspecific variations were closely related at the levels ranging from 0.66 to 0.90. These DNA data were not matched well with those of morphological characters since they were divided into two major groups at the similarity coefficient value of 0.70. Therefore, Grouping of species into variation types by mainly morphological charactistics was suggested unreasonable.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2014

We established the first complete ice core processing method and analytical procedures for fundamental proxies, using a 40.2 m long ice core drilled on the Mt. Tsambagarav glacier in the Mongolian Altai mountains in July 2008. The whole core was first divided into two sub ice core sections and the measurements of the visual stratigraphy and electrical conductivity were performed on the surface of these sub core sections. A continuous sequence of samples was then prepared for chemical analyses (stable isotope ratios of oxygen ($^{18}O/^{16}O$) and hydrogen ($^2H/^1H$), soluble ions and trace elements). A total of 29 insoluble dust layers were identified from the measurement of visual stratigraphy. The electrical conductivity measurement (ECM) shows 11 peaks with the current more than 0.8 ${\mu}A$ Comparing the profiles of $SO_4{^{2-}}$ and $Cl^-$ concentrations to correlate with known volcanic eruptions, the first two ECM peaks appear to be linked to the eruptions (January and June 2007) of Kliuchevskoi volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia, which supports the reliability of our ECM data. Finally, the composition of stable isotopes (${\delta}^{18}O$ and ${\delta}D$) shows a well-defined seasonal variation, suggesting that various chemical proxies may have been well preserved in the successive ice layers of Tsambagarav ice core. Our ice core processing method and analytical procedures for fundamental proxies are expected to be used for paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental studies from polar and alpine ice cores.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2006

BmCu/Zn SOD was isolated from early embryo of Bombyx mori using microarray analysis. The BmCu/Zn SOD gene was observed during the early embryonic stage with the strongest signal found at the unfertilizaion, fertilization and blastoderm stages. The BmCu/Zn SOD gene encodes a protein of 154 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 15 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of BmCu/Zn SOD indicated that the residues that form on the Cu/Zn binding site are conserved and that the sequence is a 60% identity to that of M. domestica. In a phylogenetic tree, Bm SOD was also close to Drosophila SODs rather than other insect SODs. The BmCu/Zn SOD gene exists as a single copy in the genome. Transcripts of BmCu/Zn SOD cDNA were identified by northern blot analysis. The expression of the BmCu/Zn SOD gene was observed weakly in most of larvae, pre-pupae, pupae and adult tissues. Also, the BmCu/Zn SOD gene was observed in early embryonic stage. Although the roles of SODs remains to be further elucidated, the high expression of BmCu/Zn SOD gene at before 24 h post fertilization suggests that this gene is of general importance during early embryogenesis in the Bombyx mod.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2006

The ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 2 (E2) is core component of ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP) which represents a selective mechanism for intracellular proteolysis in eukaryotic cells. The E2 has been implicated in the intracellular transfer of ubiquitin to target protein. We show here the involvement of E2 in antiviral immune of Bombyx mori to Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV). In this study, mRNA fluorescent differential display PCR (FDD-PCR) was performed with BmNPV highly resistant silkworm strain NB and susceptible silkworm strain 306. At 24 h post BmNPV infection, FDD-PCR with the arbitrary primer AP34 showed that one cDNA band was down-regulated in the midgut of resistant strain, but highly expressed in susceptible strain. The deduced amino acid sequence of this cDNA clone share 99% identity with the recently published B. mori ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 (Genbank NO: DQ311351). Fluorescent quantitative PCR corroborated down regulation of E2 in resistant strain. We there conclude that BmNPV infection evokes strong response of susceptible strain including activation of UPP. BmNPV may evolve escape mechanisms that manipulate the UPP in order to persist in the infected host. In addition, the identification of down-regulation of E2 in resistant strain, as well as structure data, are essential to understanding how UPP operates in silkworm antiviral immune to BmNPV disease.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.48-69
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• 2001

A lot of clones of the genus Dioscorea have been introduced from some tropical and subtropical regions since 1997. In 33 clones of water yams (Dioscorea alata L.), some morphological characteristics were investigated at the field. Variation ranges of the total weight and tuber number per stump were within the ranges from 90 to 2,147 g with an average of 610 g ; and 1.3-4.7 with an average of 2.8, respectively. The color tones observed on the tuber-flesh were sorted into 3 color-categories, i.e., white, pale brown and pale purple, and those on leaves were sorted into 3 color-categories, i.e., green, heavy green and purplish green. Intraspecific genetic relationship of 19 variation types of the Yam classified by their external morphological characteristics such as leaf and tuber shape was assessed by DNA using random and specific primers. Twenty two out of 113 primers (100 random[10-mer] primers, two 15 mer [M13 core sequence, and (GGAT)4 sequence]) had been used in PCR-amplification. Only 12 primers, however, were successful in DNA amplification in all of the analyzed plants, resulting in 93 randomly and specifically amplified DNA fragments. The analyzed taxa showed very high polymorphisms(69 bands, 71.0%), allowing individual taxon to be identified based on DNA fingerprinting. Monomorphic bands among total amplified DNA bands of each primer was low under the 50%. Similarity indices between accessions were computed from PCR(polymerase chain reaction) data, and genetic relationships among intraspecific variations were closely related at the levels ranging from 0.66 to 0.90.