• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 1992

New photoelectric UBV Photometry of 112 stars in open cluster M35 field was obtained. The distance modulus and age of the cluster are $9.^m3$(725pc) and $8.5{\times}10^7yrs$, respectively. The internal differential reddening within the cluster is apparent.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2015

M85 is a merger remnant galaxy in the Virgo Cluster, showing complex merging features. Globular clusters in M85 are a good tracer of its merging history. To investigate globular cluster system of M85, we obtain deep and wide field images of M85 in ugi filters covering one square degree using CFHT/MegaCam. We discover about 1,000 globular cluster candidates in these images. The color distribution of the globular cluster candidates within r < 5' from M85 does not show a clear bimodality and blue globular cluster candidates are more than red ones. These features are different from those in massive early-type galaxies. The spatial distribution of the globular cluster candidates is elongated along the faint stellar light of M85. We also investigate the spatial distribution of sub-populations of the globular cluster candidates with different color and brightness and estimate their ages based on their color. We discuss these results in relation with the formation history of M85.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.793-806
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to find out the air flow patterns affecting the PM10 concentration in Busan and the potential sources within each trajectory pattern. The synoptic air flow trajectories are classified into four clusters by HYSPLIT model and the potential sources of PM10 are estimated by PSCF model for each cluster from 2008 to 2012. The potential source locations of PM10 are compared with the distribution of PM10 anthropogenic emissions in east Asia developed in 2006 for the NASA INTEX-B mission. The annual mean concentrations of PM10 in Busan decreased from $51ug/m^3$ in 2008 to $43ug/m^3$ in 2012. The monthly mean concentrations of PM10 were high during a spring season, March to May and low during a summer season, August and September. The cluster2 composed of the air trajectories from the eastern China to Busan through the west sea showed the highest frequency, 44 %. The cluster1 composed of the air trajectories from the inner Mongolia region to Busan through the northeast area of China showed the second high frequency, 26 %. The cluster3 and 4 were composed of the trajectories originated in the southeast sea and the east sea of Busan respectively and showed low frequencies. The concentrations of in each cluster were $47ug/m^3$ in cluster1, $56ug/m^3$ in cluster2, $42ug/m^3$ in cluster3 and $37ug/m^3$ in cluster4. From these results, it was proved that the cluster1 and 2 composed of the trajectories originated in the east and northeast area of China were the causes of high PM10 concentrations in Busan. The results of PSCF and CWT model showed that the potential sources of the high PM10 concentrations were the areas of the around Mongolia and the eastern China having high emissions of PM10 from Beijing, Hebei to Shanghai through Shandong, Jiangsu.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 1995

In the best observed Pleiades cluster, the luminosity function(LF) and mass function(MF) for main sequence(MS) stars extended to $Mv{\approx}15.5(V{\approx}21)$ are very similar to the initial luminosity function(ILF) and initial mass function(IMF) for field stars in the solar neighborhood showing a bump at log $m{\simeq}-0.05$ and a dip at log $m{\simeq}-0.12$. This dip is equivalent to the Wielen dip appearing in the LF for the field stars. The occurence of these bump and dip is independent of adopted mass-luminosity relation(MLR) . and their characteristics could be explained by a time-dependent bimodal IMF. The model with this IMF gives a total cluster mass of $\~700M_\bigodot,\;\~25$ brown dwarfs and $\~3$ white dwarfs if the upper mass limit of progenitor of white dwarf is greater than $4.5M_\bigodot$. The cluster age on the basis of LF for brightest stars is given by $\~8\times10^7yr$ and all stars in the cluster lie along the single age sequence in the C-M diagram without showing a large dispersion from the sequence.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.153-155
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• 2007

We have analyzed H and $K_s$-band images of the Arches cluster obtained using the NIRC2 instrument on Keck with the laser guide star adaptive optics (LGS AO) system. With the help of the LGS AO system, we were able to obtain the deepest ever photometry for this cluster and its neighborhood, and derive the background-subtracted present-day mass function (PDMF) down to $1.3M_{\bigodot}$ for the 5"-9" annulus of the cluster. We find that the previously reported turnover at $6M_{\bigodot}$ is simply due to a local bump in the mass function (MF), and that the MF continues to increase down to our 50 % completeness limit ($1.3M_{\bigodot}$) with a power-law exponent of ${\Gamma}$ = -0.91 for the mass range of 1.3 < M/$M_{\bigodot}$ < 50. Our numerical calculations for the evolution of the Arches cluster show that the ${\Gamma}$ values for our annulus increase by 0.1-0.2 during the lifetime of the cluster, and thus suggest that the Arches cluster initially had ${\Gamma}$ of $-1.0{\sim}-1.1$, which is only slightly shallower than the Salpeter value.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 1996

We have obtained the J K images of the central region of the globular cluster M3 (NGC5272), using the $256\pm256$ InSb array. We present JK photometry of bright red giant branch stars in the central $2'.2\pm2'.2$ region of M3. The infrared color-magnitude diagrams are presented. The comparison of the red giant branch of M3 with that of M13 confirms that both globular clusters have similar metal abundances.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 1999

We present a new UBVI CCD photometry of the intermediate-age open cluster NGC 2420. Our photometry covers a field of $7'9\times7.'7$ of the sky centered on the cluster. We determined the reddening and distance to the cluster by the main sequence fitting as $E(B - V) = 0.05\pm0.02$ and $(m-M)_o = 11.9\pm0.1$, along with the age of $\~2$ Gyr by fitting the Padova isochrones to the observed color-magnitude diagrams of the cluster. The fraction of binaries is found to be $44\pm5\%$ and they are likely to locate in the central region of the cluster. The spatial distributions of the binaries and the variation of the cluster luminosity functions along the radius suggest mass segregations due to the dynamical evolution of the cluster.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.29.4-30
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• 2017

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute We present a weak-lensing study of the galaxy cluster SPT-CL J2106-5844 at z=1.132 discovered in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. The cluster is claimed to be the most massive system at z > 1 in the SPT-SZ survey. The inferred mass ($M_{200c}=(1.27{\pm}0.21){\times}10^{15}M_{sun}$) is somewhat unusual at such a high redshift given the current ΛCDM prediction. The mass estimates, however, may be biased because the hydrostatic assumption may not hold when the universe was about 40% of the current age. In this work, we reconstruct the dark matter distribution and measure the mass of this interesting cluster using weak-lensing analysis based on the images from the Advanced Camera for Surveys and Wide Field Camera 3 on-board the Hubble Space Telescope. We find that the mass distribution of the cluster is unimodal with no significant substructures. The centroid of the dark matter agrees with both galaxy luminosity and number density distributions, as well as the hot gas centroid. We confirm that the cluster is indeed extremely massive ($M_{200c}=(1.81{\pm}0.47){\times}10^{15}M_{sun}$) supporting the previous non-lensing measurements. We also discuss the rarity of the cluster in the ΛCDM cosmology, comparing with the expected abundance of similarly massive clusters.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.48.2-48.2
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• 2020

We present a new void definition that connects voids with clusters, the high-density counterpart. We use a pair of ΛCDM simulations whose initial density fields are sign inverted versions to each other, and study the relation between the effective void volume and the corresponding cluster mass. Massive cluster halos (M ≥ 1013M⊙/h) are identified in one simulation at z=0 by linking dark matter particles. The corresponding void to each cluster is defined in the other simulation as the region occupied by the member particles of the cluster. We find a universal functional form of density profiles at z=0 and 1. We also find a power-law relation between the void effective radius and the corresponding cluster mass. Based on these findings, we identify cluster-counterpart voids directly from a density field without using the pair information by utilizing three parameters such as the smoothing scale, density threshold, and minimum core fraction. We identified voids corresponding to clusters more massive than M ≥ 3 × 1014M⊙/h at approximately 70-74 \% level of completeness and reliability. Our results suggest that we can detect voids comparable to clusters of a particular mass-scale.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 1998

We present UBV CCD photometry of Be 2, previously unstudied open cluster. Our photometry covers a field of $3'.2\times3'.8$ of the sky centered on the cluster, which is slightly smaller than the cluster diameter estimated to be about 260'. We have determined the reddening, distance, age and metallicity of the cluster by fitting the Pad ova isochrones to the observed stellar distributions in color-magnitude diagram as well as main sequence fitting: $E(B-V)=0.8\pm0.05,\;(m-M)_o=13.6\pm0.1,\;log(t) =8.9\pm0.1$, and Z=0.008. The present photometry shows that Be 2 is a distant open cluster of intermediate age. that it is a distant intermediate-age open duster.