• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.289-296
• /
• 2004

Whisker and short rod shaped hydroxyapatite (Ca$_{10}$(PO$_4$)$_{6}$(OH)$_2$ with stoichiometric composition (Ca/P=1.62 -1.67, molar ratio) has been synthesized by hydrolysis and hydrothermal reaction of aqueous $\alpha$-Ca$_3$(PO$_4$)$_2$($\alpha$-TCP) solution (pH 11), respectively. The shape of resultant HAp was mainly dependent on synthetic route and the microstructural development was on processing condition. In hydrolysis processing, the degree of intersection of whiskerlike particles and agglomeration in the apsis line increased with increasing reaction time. In hydrothermal synthesis, the reaction product obtained under excessive reaction time ($\geq$3 h at 20$0^{\circ}C$) was severely agglomerated without further grain growth above certain critical size (0.75 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in length, 0.3${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ 11m in diameter).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.383-387
• /
• 1994

Six heifers each of $F_1$, $F_2$, $F_3$, $F_4$ H. Friesian $\times$ Sahjwal halfbreds and pure Sahiwal with overall average initial age and live weight of $315.6{\pm}134.8 days$ and $143.8{\pm}48.5kg$, respectively were used for this study. The under trial animals were fed according to N.R.C. (1978). The overall average age at maturity, first conception and first calving was $563.8{\pm}116.8$, $675.8{\pm}135.6$ and $956.8{\pm}149.8days$ with live weights as $302.2{\pm}58.6$, $342.6{\pm}41.5$ and $433.9{\pm}38.1kg$, respectively. The overall 305 days and total milk yield for 1st lactation was $2,729.0{\pm}669.3$ and $2,992.7{\pm}377.5litre$ while the FCM (at 4%) was $2,934.2{\pm}410.8litre$. The lactation length was $336.6{\pm}69.6days$. The fat and solids not fat contents were $4.5{\pm}0.2$ and $8.2{\pm}0.3percent$, respectively. The milk production in Sahiwal cows was significantly lower than crossbred cows. The services per conception were $2.5{\pm}1.3$. The overall per head per day consumption of DM, TCP and ME was $10.9{\pm}1.2kg$, $1,399{\pm}199gm$ and $22.6{\pm}2.4 M.Cal.$, respectively. The overall milk producing efficiency for the production of one litre of FCM was $1.12{\pm}0.15kg$ of DM, $142.2{\pm}17.76gm$ of TCP and $2.31{\pm}0.27M.Cal.$ of energy while the feeding cost was Rs. $1.46{\pm}0.22$ per litre of FCM produced. The feeding cost per litre FCM was significantly higher in Sahiwal and $F_2$ than in other genetic groups.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2006

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the histologic results of bone cavities that were surgically created in the calvaria of rabbit and filled with $HA/{\beta}-TCP$ composite powders, which had been developed in Korea (Dentium, Korea). Ten young adult rabbits were used. Four defects were surgically produced in calvaria of each rabbit. Each rabbit was anesthetized with Ketamine-HCI (5 mg/kg, Yuhan Cor. Korea) and Xylazine-HCI (1.5 ml/kg, Yuhan Cor. Korea)). An incision was made to the bony cranium and the periosteum was reflected. Using a trephine bur (external diameter: 8 mm, 3i, USA), 4 'through-and-through' bone defects were created with copious irrigation, and classified into 4 groups: control group: no graft materials, experimental group I: normal saline + graft materials: experimental group II: venous blood + graft materials: experimental group III: graft materials only. The defects were randomly filled with graft materials. The defects were closed with resorbable suture material. At the end of the surgical procedure, all animals received a single intramuscular injection of antibiotics Gentamicin (0.1 mg/kg, Dae Sung Microb. Korea). Rabbits were sacrificed with phentobarbital (100 mg/kg) intravenously at 1-, 2-, 4-, 6- and 8-week after. Specimens were treated with hydrochloric acid decalcifying solution (Fisher Scientific, Tustin, CA) and sectioned by bisecting the 8 mm diameter defects. The histologic specimens were prepared in the general method with H & E staining at 6 ${\mu}m$ in thickness. The results were as follows; 1. New bone formation showed from after 2-week of surgery in defect area. As time lapsed, lots of new bone formation and mature bones showed. 2. Histologically, degree of new bone formation could not be discerned among the experimental groups. But, for experimental group II, lots of cells gathered around graft materials after 1-week of surgery, new bone formed slightly faster and than the others at 1-week after. For experimental group I, a few inflammatory finding showed around graft material at after 1-week and after 2-week of surgery. 3. No bone formation did show for control group. Based on histologic results, the new $HA/{\beta}-TCP$ composite powders appeared to act as a scaffolding material for regeneration of osseous defects.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.499-505
• /
• 2018

Shipping and logistics safety, security system is strengthening worldwide, the development of shipping and logistics safety security core technology for national security logistics system construction has been carried out. In addition, it is necessary to localize the Array Detection System, which is a core component of the container search machine, to cope with the 100% pre-inspection of the container scheduled for 2018 in the United States. In this research, we propose a test software program developed by using TI-RTOS (Texas Instruments - Real Time Operating System) with a test digital signal processing board which is developed self development. We have developed a program that can test GPIO, SRAM, TCP/IP, and SDcard using M4 MCU. Also we propose a study on a self-developed Digital Signal Processing Board among the array detection systems that replace foreign products. We have developed a test board that can test M4 MCU and developed an X-Ray Detector Digital Signal Processing Board that combines MCU and FPGA.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.6-12
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we proposed IoT based Smart Health Service using Motion Recognition for Human UX/UI. Until now, sensor networks using M2M-based u-healthcare are using non-IP protocol instead of TCP / IP protocol. However, in order to increase the service utilization and facilitate the management of the IoT-based sensor network, many sensors are required to be connected to the Internet. Therefore, IoT-based smart health service is designed considering network mobility because it is necessary to communicate not only the data measured by sensors but also the Internet. In addition, IoT-based smart health service developed smart health service for motion detection as well as bio information unlike existing healthcare platform. WBAN communications used in u-healthcare typically consist of many networked devices and gateways. The method proposed in this paper can easily cope with dynamic changes even in a wireless environment by using a technology supporting mobility between WBAN sensor nodes, and systematic management is performed through detection of a user's motion.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.155-160
• /
• 1998

It is necessary to use Arc layer and DUV resist to define 0.25 $\mu \textrm{m}$ line and space for 256 MDRAM devices. Poly-Si etching with Arc layer and different resists has been performed in a TCP-9408 etcher with variation of gas chemistries; $Cl_2/O_2, Cl_2/N_2, Cl_2$/HBr . DUV resist causes more positive etch profile and CD gain compared to I-line resist because the sidewall passivation is more stimulated by increasing polymerization through the loss of resist. When Arc layer is applied, CD hain also increases due to the polymeric mask formed after thching Arc layer. From the point of gas chemistry effects, the etch profile and CD gain is not improved using $Cl_2/O_2$ gas, since polymerization is accelerated in this gas. however, the vertical profile and less CD gain is obtained using $Cl_2$/HBr gas. Furthermore, HBr gas is very effective to suppress the difference of profile and CD variation between dense pattern and isolated pattern by minimizing non-uniformity of side wall passivation with pattern density.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.9
• /
• pp.2216-2222
• /
• 2014

A recent trend of increasing container traffic volume using reefer container demands continuous management of reefer container in transit. However, reefer containers can only be monitored at terminal or in ship during marine transportation instead of throughout entire section. In the case of inland transportation section using truck or train, monitoring is not possible currently. The reason is because the reefer container monitoring method using PCT recommended by IMO and conventional monitoring methods using TCP/IP, RFID communication require establishing additional communication infrastructure. This paper will propose a new reefer container control device that not only solves these problems and monitors during inland transportation section but also controls reefer container. Using data port attached to every reefer container, the proposed device collects the information of reefer container and using M2M communication technology, it transmits information to server without the need to establish additional communication infrastructure. In addition, it can control the operational status of reefer container upon receiving control information set in server such as temperature of reefer container.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.241-245
• /
• 2004

This paper shows the development of remote control system for manipulators which consists of PHANToM Device as a master, Samsung FARA robot as a slave and TCP/IP based LAN for their Communication. This work includes the motion mapping between the master and the slave, Generation of virtual viscosity force preventing operator s unwilled action and 3D remote control simulators for the stable operation of the remote control system, etc. The remote control implementation has been performed and the results shows that the developed system can allow the operator to effectively control the manipulator.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.29 no.12
• /
• pp.648-654
• /
• 2002

The Virtual Interface Architecture(VIA) is an industry standard for communication over system area networks(SANs). M-VIA is a software implementation of VIA technology on Linux. In this paper, we implemented the M-VIA on an AceNIC Gigabit Ethernet by developing a new AceNIC driver for the M-VIA. We analyzed the M-VIA data segmentation processes. When a Gigabit Ethernet MTU is larger than 1514 bytes, M-VIA data segmentation size leaves much room for improvement. So we experimented with various MTU and M-VIA data segmentation size and compared the performances.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.385-390
• /
• 2015

Quay cranes are considered core equipment for container terminal operation. However, unmanned operation systems have not as yet been announced due to the technological difficulties of implementation. In this paper, we developed a wireless controller to control a quay crane simulator remotely and conducted its performance test, a first step toward unmanned operation of quay cranes. The communication delay of a developed wireless controller was about 9.4ms on average while that of existing wired controllers was about 5.6ms. The same functions were implemented and tested on a smart phone where the average communication delay was 7.3ms. In addition, to apply the developed system into a real environment, we proposed a network architecture based on IEEE 802.11ac and carried out its performance evaluation. When the distance between two nodes was 50m apart, the throughputs of the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) were 57Mbps and 189Mbps, respectively. The communication delay of the control data was 9.1ms through the TCP channel. These results reveal the proper working of remote quay crane operation if we adopt the IEEE 802.11ac network.