• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.36C no.10
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• pp.39-46
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose new hardware architecture of a fast searcher for an initial code acquisition in wideband CDMA wireless local loop systems. The proposed searcher uses double-dwell serial search algorithm and has N active correlators for the high performance code acquisition. Since the N active correlators are designed with pipelined architecture, it is possible to reduce the hardware complexity with only one energy calculation. Our architecture is designed using VHDL to meet wideband CDMA wireless local loop standard and verified under JTC wideband channels. Average code acquisition time of the proposed fast searcher which has 16 correlators is about 40 seconds in case of initial installation and 0.16 seconds when a base station is known. The verified fast searcher is synthesized with in $0.6\mu\textrm{m}$ LG library. The synthesized searcher has 15.8K rates when the number of 4he correlators is 16.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.522-526
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• 2007

항공사진을 이용하여 하천의 경년변화를 조사하다 보면, 사주 변동에 따라 하천의 주 흐름이 다양하게 변화되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이처럼 특정 하천의 지정된 구간에서의 흐름변동은 많은 시간에 걸쳐 이루어진다. 바꾸어 말하면, 짧은 시간 동안 자연하천에서의 주 흐름 변화를 관찰 하기는 일반적으로 매우 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 이틀이라는 짧은 시간 동안에, 하천에서의 주 흐름 변동에 따른 특성변화를 조사하였다. 이러한 조사는 "조정지 댐에서의 수문 조작"이라는 인위적인 방법을 동원함으로서 가능하였다. 모든 조정지 댐에서는 하천 유지를 위한 일정양의 물을 수문을 통하여 방류한다. 대청댐 하류에 있는 조정지 댐에는 폭이 약 10m에 이르는 10개의 수문이 있다. 평상시에는 우안으로부터 5번째에 있는 중앙의 수문을 개방하여 초당 약 18톤의 물을 방류한다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 방류하고자 하는 지점의 수문높이를 조정하여 일정량을 유지한 채, 수문의 위치를 중앙에서 좌안 그리고 우안의 순으로 변경 하였다. 방류 수문 위치를 변경함에 따라 하천에서의 수리특성을 조사하기 위하여, 흐름이 안정 될 때까지 충분히 기다린 후, 각각의 경우에서의 하류지역을 대상으로 현지관측 및 수치실험을 실시하였다. 조사는, 첫째 지형측량, 유량측정 및 수위변동 등을 포함한 정밀현장조사, 둘째 일반적인 모델에 정밀조사 결과를 적용시킴으로서 얻을 수 있는 가시화 기법 개발 등의 순으로 진행하였다. 수치실험에 사용한 모델은 하천에서의 흐름거동을 2차원적으로 해석하는데 많이 사용되고 있는 상용프로그램인 SMS (Surface-Water Modeling System)의 RMA2 모형이다. 이모형은 RMA (Resource Management Associates, Inc.)에 의해 처음 개발된 2차원 유한요소 모델이며 지배방정식은 z방향을 수심 적분한 2차원 천수방정식으로, x와 y방향에 대한 Navier-Stokes 방정식과 연속 방정식으로 구성된다. 본 연구에서는 현장 조사 시 지배인자 파악의 중요성 및 수치계산을 위한 검증자료의 필요성을 강조하기 위하여, 일반적인 방법으로 수행한 계산 결과 및 다양한 현장 특성을 고려한 계산 결과를 비교 하였다. 그 결과 본 연구는 (1)최신 장비들의 도입 및 검증과 기존 장비의 활용 범위 확대, (2)기존의 상용 프로그램을 이용한 하천 흐름특성의 가시화 실현 등에 의의가 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.493-499
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• 2007

The Taylor expansion expresses a differentiable function and its coefficients provide good approximations for the given function and its derivatives. In this study, m-th order Taylor Polynomial is constructed and the coefficients are computed by the Moving Least Squares method. The coefficients are applied to the governing partial differential equation for solid problems including crack problems. The discrete system of difference equations are set up based on the concept of point collocation. The developed method effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the finite difference method which is dependent of the grid structure and has no approximation function, and the Galerkin-based meshfree method which involves time-consuming integration of weak form and differentiation of the shape function and cumbersome treatment of essential boundary.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.336-343
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• 1995

The Self Tuning Regulator(STR) method which is an approach of adaptive control theory, is ap-plied to design the fully automatic power controller of the nonlinear reactor model. The adaptive control represent a proper approach to design the suboptimal controller for nonlinear, time-varying stochastic systems. The control system is based on a third­order linear model with unknown, time-varying parameters. The updating of the parameter estimates is achieved by the recursive extended least square method with a variable forgetting factor. Based on the estimated parameters, the output (average coolant temperature) is predicted one-step ahead. And then, a weighted one-step ahead controller is designed so that the difference between the output and the desired output is minimized and the variation of the control rod position is small. Also, an integral action is added in order to remove the steady­state error. A nonlinear M plant model was used to simulate the proposed controller of reactor power which covers a wide operating range. From the simulation result, the performances of this controller for ramp input (increase or decrease) are proved to be successful. However, for step input this controller leaves something to be desired.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2006

A review has been made on what kind of method can be applied to predict the dynamic derivatives of the separated PLF(Payload Fairing) halves of a launch vehicle in consideration of technology and budget. An optimal approach is selected considering the geometric characteristics of the PLF halves, the aerodynamic conditions and the required accuracy. The time history of aerodynamic force/moment coefficients are obtained for the forced harmonic motions by solving the unsteady Euler equations derived with respect to the inertial reference frame. and the dynamic derivatives are deduced by integration of the aerodynamic coefficients for one period. In this research, the dynamic derivatives are presented for 0.6$\leq$ M $\leq$2.0, $-180^{\circ}$ $\leq$$\alpha$ $\leq$$180^{\circ}$ and $-90 ^{\circ}$$\leq$$\beta$$\leq$$90 ^{\circ}$.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.731-740
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• 1999

Autocorrelation function is widely used as a tool measuring linear dependence of hydrologic time series. However, it may not be appropriate for choosing decorrelation time or delay time ${\tau}_d$ which is essential in nonlinear dynamics domain and the mutual information have recommended for measuring nonlinear dependence of time series. Furthermore, some researchers have suggested that one should not choose a fixed delay time ${\tau}_d$ but, rather, one should choose an appropriate value for the delay time window ${\tau}_d={\tau}(m-1)$, which is the total time spanned by the components of each embedded point for the analysis of chaotic dynamics. Unfortunately, the delay time window cannot be estimated using the autocorrelation function or the mutual information. Basically, the delay time window is the optimal time for independence of time series and the delay time is the first locally optimal time. In this study, we estimate general dependence of hydrologic time series using the C-C method which can estimate both the delay time and the delay time window and the results may give us whether hydrologic time series depends on its linear or nonlinear characteristics which are very important for modeling and forecasting of underlying system.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.15-28
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• 2016

It is necessary to analyze underwater acoustics channel(UAC) modeling and simulation for underwater weapon system development and acquisition. In order to analyze UAC, there are underwater acoustics propagation numerical analysis models(Ray theory, Parabolic equation, Normal-mode, Wavenumber integration). However, If these models are used for multiple frequency signal analysis, they are inaccurate to calculate result of analysis effectiveness and restricted for signal processing and analysis. In this paper, to overcome this problem, we propose simple/multiple frequency signal analysis model of the Pseudospectral Time-Domain Method synthetic environment UAC applied to underwater environment noise model as like as realistic underwater environment. In order to confirm the validation of the model, we performed the 9 scenarios simulation(4 scenarios of single frequency signal, 4 scenarios of multiple frequency signal, 1 scenario of single/multiple frequency signal like submarine radiated noise) for validation and confirmed the validation of this model through the simulation model.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1A
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• pp.95-104
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• 2008

Dynamic behaviors of the two-span continuous bridge which is one of prototypes on Gyoung-Bu high-speed railway are analyzed and some methods for reducing the resonance of the bridge are proposed. The bridge is modeled as a two-span continuous beam and the load is a vehicle of TGV-K (2p+18T) with length of 380.15 meter traveling on the railway bridge at some constant velocity. The equations governing the dynamic behaviors of the bridge are partial differential equations produced by using a system with distributed mass and elasticity. The analysis of the governing equations is performed by the mode superposition method which has modal coordinates solved by Duhamel's integral. Without considering the train velocity the dynamic reponses can be greatly reduced at some special lengths of bridge. It is different from the results of simple bridges researched so far. When the dynamic responses increase rapidly to make a resonance phenomenon depending on the train velocities, the several methods are proposed to deduce the resonance.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.558-564
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• 2009

POF(Polymer optical fiber) offers advantages of lighter, inexpensive, and easier to use over GOF(glass optical fiber). Its higher transmission loss and low bandwidth, however, make it suitable only for short distance networking such as LAN. The polymer materials and its synthesis technology of low transmission loss and the broader application for flexible POF are the two of many critical areas to be investigated more. In the current study, low-noise POF modules are developed and optimized with a low noise amplifier and low cost LED of 650 nm. In order to demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of the POF module for optical communication and sensing, we have built an image transfer module, optical transmission speed measurement module, optical transceiver for RS-232, and sound-transfer module, and the signal characteristics of them are evaluated. It is found that the module can be readily used for a quick and simple measurement of optical transfer speed. With help of analog amplifier, LED, and PD, sound and image transfers through a maximum 60 m optical waveguide have been confirmed. Real-time data transfer was also demonstrated in PID control, which is thought to be valuable to industrial plant design and control.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.29-36
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• 1996

With the three dimensional magnetic field measuring system dealt with in this paper, accurate measurements and analyses of extremely low frequency(ELF) magnetic fields caused by starting and/or operating electric devices and power installations can be conducted. To obtain high performance for lower frequency and spatial components without any distortion, the measuring system is designed as three dimensionally including the multiturn loop-type magnetic field sensors, differential amplifiers and active integrators. As the results of calibration experiments, the frequency response characteristics of the measuring system range from 8[Hz] to about 53[kHz] for each direction of x, y, z axes, and the response sensitivities are 9.54, 9.21, $10.89[mV/{\mu}T]$, respectively. The actual survey experiments by using an oscillating impulse current generator confirm a reliability of the proposed measuring system. Also, through the other experiments by using small-sized induction motors, the magnetic field intensities when starting and steady-state operating mark 15.8, $8.61[{\mu}T]$ as maximum value, respectively. And those intensities decrease steeply according as the measuring distance increases.