• Applied Microscopy
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

당뇨병성 망막증의 당뇨병 합병증의 주요한 증상중의 하나로 망막의 구조적 기능적 변화를 초래한다. 레닌-안지오텐신 시스템은 당뇨병성 망막증의 발병에 주요한 역할을 담당하며 angiotensin I을 angiotensin II로 전환하는 데 담당하는 안지오텐신 전환 효소 (ACE)는 레닌-안지오텐신 시스템의 주요한 요소이다. VEGF는 실명을 일으키는 당뇨병성 망막증의 신생혈관 생성에 관여하는 주요한 인자로 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 당뇨병성 망막증의 발생 기전 중 하나로 최근 연구가 진행되고 있는 VEGF의 발현과 안지오텐신 전환 효소 억제제를 이용한 VEGF 발현 억제효과의 규명을 통해 당뇨병성 망막증의 예방에 ACE 억제제가 효과가 있는지 ACE 억제제인 captopril을 이용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 streptozotocin 처리시 혈청내 VEGF 농도는 증가하였으나 captopril (65 mg/kg) 치료에 의해 감소하지 않았다. 망막에서 관찰한 결과 당뇨군에서 VEGF mRNA 및 단백질 발현이 증가하였으며, 안지오텐신 전환 효소인 capto-pril에 의해서 차단되는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 captopril은 1형 당뇨에 있어서 망막의 VEGF 발현 억제를 통해 망막 보호효과를 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권7호
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• pp.16.1-16.6
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• 2017

Background: This study was performed to investigate the impact of exogenous ghrelin on the pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase outputs and responses of pancreatic proteins to ghrelin that may relate to pancreatic exocrine. Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats (9 weeks old, $300{\pm}10g$) were injected with ghrelin via intraperitoneal (i.p.) infusion at dosage of 0, 0.1, 1.0 and $10.0{\mu}g/kg$ body weight (BW), respectively. The plasma ghrelin and cholecystokinin (CCK) level were determined using enzyme immunoassay kit; the mRNA expression of ghrelin receptor ($GHSR-1{\alpha}$) and growth hormone (GH) receptor were assessed by reverse transcription PCR; the expressions of pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase activity, extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK), phosphorylated extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (pERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were evaluated by western blotting; moreover the responses of pancreatic proteins to ghrelin were analyzed using the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis system. Results: The exogenous ghrelin (1.0 and $10.0{\mu}g/kg\;BW$) elevated the level of plasma ghrelin (p < 0.05), and suppressed the expression of pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase at a dose of $10.0{\mu}g/kg\;BW$ (p < 0.05). No difference in the level of plasma CCK was observed, even though rats were exposed to any dose of exogenous ghrelin. In addition, a combination of western blot and proteomic analysis revealed exogenous ghrelin ($10.0{\mu}g/kg\;BW$) induced increasing the JNK and ERK expressions (p < 0.05) and four proteins such as Destrin, Anionic trypsin-1, Trypsinogen, and especially eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 in rat pancreas. Conclusions: Taken together, exogenous ghrelin by i.p. infusion plays a role in the pancreatic exocrine secretion via mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 방사능 사고로 인한 오염물질 유입으로 인한 영향을 최소화하기 위한 제염제의 혼합확산장치 개발에 앞서 장치 가동으로 인한 혼합 및 확산영향을 예측하는데 있다. 유동특성분석을 위해 사용된 추적자는 방사성 동위원소는 Gy, To이며, 이를 검측하기 위해 2인치 NaI 방사선 검출기를 사용했다. 본 연구에 적용된 제염제 혼합확산장치의 임펠러는 3가지 type으로 제작하였다. 방사혼합형 임펠러는 상향류 흐름을 이용하여 수표면으로 확산이 가능하며, 최적의 조건을 찾기 위해 핀 구조를 조정하였다. 방사능 동위원소를 이용한 제염제 혼합확산장치의 유동특성을 분석한 결과, 모델별 혼합확산과 유동패턴특성을 획득하였다. Model 3 type은 별도의 Fin유도부와 보조 Fin이 구성되어 있어 다른 type의 임펠러보다 확산속도가 크고 완전혼합에 도달하는 시간이 짧게 나타났다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.17-40
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• 2005

Objective: The purpose of the this study was to test the effect of the alcohol preventive educational program for elementary school students through developing the web-based learning instruments. It will prevent the serious alcohol problem for adolescents and be the opening-learning according to learner's needs beyond the traditional classroom learning which has limitation of space and time. Method: This research designed based on web-based instructional system design by In-sung Jong(1997). This study was performed on the elementary school students who are the six grade in M city. The number of experimental group was 72 and control group's number was 72, totaled 144. Data were collected from September, 30th, 2004 to November, 5th, 2004, totaled 37days. The pretest and the posttest for web-based alcohol preventive education program were tested about knowledge and attitudes toward drinking. After the performance, the posttest was also tested the effect of this program under items by the interest of web-based learning, satisfaction, adequateness of material and so on. The data analysis was done using SPSS/Win 11.0 program. Result: The results of this study are as follows: 1) Compared with control group, experimental group which was educated the web-based alcohol preventive educational program for elementary school students was improved the knowledge on drinking, thin there was no significant difference. However, it showed significant difference between two groups after education. It was, therefore, partially supported. 2) Compared with control group, the experimental group which was educated the web-based alcohol preventive educational program for elementary school students showed significant difference in attitudes toward drinking. After education, it showed no significant difference attitudes. toward drinking between experimental group and control group. It was, therefore, partially supported. 3) The degree of learning motivation was an average.595 of 1 after learning applied to by the web-based alcohol preventive educational program for elementary school students. Then, it is relatively more higher than the result of existing studies. So, it showed that the motivation was done well. 4) Correlation among study variables It showed that there was the significantly positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes toward drinking of pretest experimental group. Also, there was the significantly positive correlation between attitudes toward drinking and learning motivation of pretest and posttest experimental group. Conclusion: I found that the web-based educational program helps the elarning process for the health education in the school field which the instructional materials lack. As a result, the web-based education motivates the learner's pleasure and promotes the learners interest. Also, it is possible for students to learn according to their own learning pace, repeated learning and active learning participation in the necessary parts. Therefore, I think the web-based educational program is worth as a intervention to get positive influence for the health education.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.86-95
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• 2006

Brillouin backscatter is a type of reflection that occurs when light is shone into an optical fibre. Brillouin reflections are very sensitive to changes in the fibre arising from external effects, such as temperature, strain and pressure. We report here several case studies on the measurement of strain using Brillouin reflections. A mechanical bending test of an I beam, deployed with both fiber optic sensors and conventional strain gauge rosettes, was performed with the aim of evaluating: (1) the capability and technical limit of the DTSS technology for strain profile sensing; (2) the reliability of strain measurement using fiber optic sensor. The average values of strains obtained from both DTSS and strain gauges (corresponding to the deflection of I beam) showed a linear relationship and an excellent one-to-one match. A practical application of DTSS technology as an early warning system for land sliding or subsidence was examined through a field test at a hillside. Extremely strong, lightweight, rugged, survivable tight-buffered cables, designed for optimal strain transfer to the fibre, were used and clamped on the subsurface at a depth of about 50cm. It was proved that DTSS measurements could detect the exact position and the progress of strain changes induced by land sliding and subsidence. We also carried out the first ever distributed dynamic strain measurement (10Hz) on the Korean Train eXpress(KTX) railway track in Daejeon, Korea. The aim was to analyse the integrity of a section of track that had recently been repaired. The Sensornet DTSS was used to monitor this 85m section of track while a KTX train passed over. In the repaired section the strain increases to levels of 90 microstrain, whereas in the section of regular track the strain is in the region of 30-50 microstrain. The results were excellent since they demonstrate that the DTSS is able to measure small, dynamic changes in strain in rails during normal operating conditions. The current 10km range of the DTSS creates a potential to monitor the integrity of large lengths of track, and especially higher risk sections such as bridges, repaired track and areas at risk of subsidence.

• 생약학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2006

The methanol extract from seed of Myristica fragrans (Myristicaceae) demonstrated a potent inhibition on the pro-liferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro. By the continuous effort to purify the active components responsible far the anti-proliferative effect on tumor cell lines, we have isolated eleven kinds of lignan components, i. e., safrole (1), machilin A (2), licarin B (3), macelignan (4), mere-dihydroguaiaretic acid (5), mγnstargenol A (6), methoxyeugenol (7), machilin F (8), licarin A (9), nectandrin B (10), and 2-(4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (11) together with a novel furan fatty acid, (E)-3-(3-methyl-5-pentylfuran-2-yl) acrylic acid (12) from seed extract of M. fragrans. Chemical structures of the isolated components (1-12) were established bγ the aid of NMR spectroscopic analyses, i. e., COSY HMQC and HMBC. Each of the Isolates demonstrated a potent inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OY-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.220-229
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• 2013

Objectives : Electroacupuncture(EA) has been used effectively in producing analgesia on ankle sprain pain of humans and animals. Currently to examine the underlying mechanisms of the EA-induced analgesia, the effects of EA on weight-bearing forces(WBR) were examined at ankle sprain classified as grade 3 in rats. Methods : The severe ankle sprain classified as grade 3 was induced surgically by ankle ligament injury in the Sprague-Dawley rats. WBR of the affected foot were examined to evaluate effects and mechanism of EA(2 Hz, 1 ms pulse width, 2 mA intensity, for 15 min) which was applied to either SI6, GB34, or GB39 acupoints. The rats were pretreated with naltrexone(10 mg/kg, i.p.) as an opioid receptor antagonist or phentolamine(5 mg/kg, i.p) as an ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptor antagonist at 30 min before EA. Results : The daily repeat EA at either SI6, GB34, or GB39 showed significant analgesic effects on the severe ankle sprain. Particularly, daily EA at GB34 showed more potent analgesic effect than the others. In addition, the naltrexone pretreatment completely blocked the analgesic effect of EA at GB34, indicating the involvement of the endogenous opioid system in mediating the effect of EA at GB34. However, the phentolamine pretreament blocked analgesic effects of EA at either SI6 or GB39, indicating the involvement of ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptors in mediating the effect of EA at either SI6 or GB39. Conclusions : These data suggest that EA-induced analgesia on ankle sprain pain is mediated through either endogenous opioids or ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptors dependant on acupoint specific pattern.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.218-225
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• 1999

Aspergillus nidulans 의 DNA 로부터 Saccharomyces cerevisiae에서 스스로 복제가능하고, 형질전환율도 삽입벡터에 비해 10\sup 4\ 배정도 높여주는 절편을 분리한 바 있다. A. nidulans에서 ANRI 의 일부를 포함한 pILJ16-4.5는 삽입벡터인 pILJ16보다 170배 정도 높은 형질전환 효율을 보였으며, S.cerevisiae와 마찬가지로 plasmid 상태로 회수가능했다. A.nidulans 페소내에서 2-3 copy 정도로 염색체와는 별개로 존재하는 것으로 나타났으며, 재형질전환능력도 있었다. ANRI은 미토콘드리아의 DNA에서 유래한 절편으로 밝고, ARS 공통절편과 유사한 절편도 11곳에 존재한다. $\Phi$X174와 SV40 DNA에서 gyrase 가 결합하는 부위의 공통편인 YRTGNYNNY도 6곳에 존재하며, ColE1에서 gyrase가 결합하는 b site와 일치하는 절편도 하나 포함하고 있으며, ABF1 결합 부위이 공통절편과 유사한 절푠$TCN_7ACG$ 도 하나 포함하고 있다. 이를 토대로 ANRI은 A.nidulans의 형질전환 후 회수가 가능한 replicating vector 개발에 이용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2008

한탄바이러스가 혈소판활성인자 활성에 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위하여 간접적으로 혈소판활성인자 수용체의 발현과 분해효소의 활성을 측정하였다. 혈관내피세포에서 혈소판활성인자 수용체의 유전자를 역전사 중합효소연쇄반응으로, 단백질은 western blot으로 측정하였다. 또한 세포표면에 발현된 혈소판활성인자 수용체의 양은 FACS로 분석하였다. 한탄바이러스에 감염된 혈관내피세포에서 혈소판활성인자 수용체의 유전자, 단백질, 세포 표면의 발현 모두 바이러스에 감염되지 않은 대조 세포보다 감염 후 2, 3일째 증가 하였다. 혈액 내 혈소판활성인자 분해효소의 활성을 비교한 결과 신증후출혈열 환자에서 정상인에 비하여 2.5배 낮았다. 그리고 신증후출혈열 환자가 회복됨에 따라 혈소판활성인자의 활성이 다시 정상 수준으로 회복되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 한탄바이러스에 의해 증가된 혈소판활성인자 수용체의 발현이 혈소판활성인자와 혈관내피세포와 반응성을 증가시키고, 신증후출혈열 환자 혈액에서 감소된 혈소판활성인자 분해효소가 혈소판활성인자의 분해를 지연 시켜 작용시간을 증가 시킴으로써 과다한 혈소판활성인자의 생물학적 작용이 신증후출혈열의 병리현상을 초래할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.86-95
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• 1992

We have performed surgical operations for 184 primary lung carcinomas over a 10 year period from December, 1979 to December, 1990 at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. We have reviewed 77 cases confirmed to be dead in the post-operative follow-up period among 184 cases. There were 68 males and 9 females [M: F=7.56: 1], with 76.62% ranging between 50 to 70 years old There were 50 cases[64.94%] of squamous cell carcinoma, 15[19.48%] of adenocarcinoma, 4[5.19%] of large cell carcinoma, 4[5.19%] of mixed cell carcinoma 3 [3.90%] of small cell carcinoma % 1 case of bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma. There were 25 cases[32.47%] in stage I, 12 [15.58%] in stage II 32 [41.56%] in stage IIIa and 8 [10.39%] in stage IIIb according to the new international staging system for lung cancer. The operative methods were left pneumonectomy in 38 cases, right pneumonectomy in 21, bilobectomy in 5, lobectomy in 12, and wedge resection in one case.ase. There were 9 operative mortalities; one case by bleeding, 5 cases by respiratory failure, one case by bleeding & renal failure, one case by empyema thoracis with BPF and one case by brain metastases. The actuarial mean survival length was 14.636$\pm$18.188months overall and 16.441$\pm$18. 627months in 68 cases excluding 9 operative deaths. The actuarial mean survival length was 18.568$\pm$11.057 months in 43 squamous cell carcinomas, 14.385$\pm$11.057 months in 14 adenocarcinomas, 10.250$\pm$8.884months in 4 large cell carcinomas and 12.250$\pm$17.193months in 4 mixed cell carcinomas. The actuarial mean survival length was 14.051$\pm$16.963months in 59 pneumonectomy cases, 15.200$\pm$12.478 months in 5 bilobectomy cases, 18.417$\pm$26.026months in 12 lobectomy cases. The actuarial mean survival length was 28.952$\pm$25.738months in 22 stage I cases, 19. 455$\pm$16.723months in ll stage II cases, 8.633$\pm$6.584months in 29 stage IIIa cases and 6. 167$\pm$4.355months in 6 stage IIIb cases. The differences of actuarial mean survival length according to the stages were statistically significant [a=0.003]