• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2015

The lung opacity on radiography is influenced by various factors. The physical density of the lung and the attenuation ensured on computed tomography (CT) scans is determined by three components : lung tissue, blood, and air. Temporary right lateral recumbency may responsible for the increase of opacity on ventrodorsal projection view. Thus, our aim is to demonstrate that the effect of right lateral recumbency posture on right lung opacity using radiograph and CT scan. In this study, 62 dogs without clinical or radiologic signs of cardiopulmonary disease are selected. Thorax radiographs per 30 seconds for 2 minutes (30s, 60s, 90s, 120s) were performed for 62 dogs. After discussion of the radiographic findings of lung field by two radiologists and a student at Chungbuk national university veterinary medical center a consensus opinion was recorded. Computed tomography per a minute (1 min, 2 min) for 2 minutes were performed for 2 dogs. Mean x-ray attenuation of lung was measured quantitatively using software at two levels (aortic arch and basal level). Among 62 dogs with radiograph comparison, 9.3% of dogs showed influence by postural effect. However, all 2 dogs with computed tomography comparison, showed influence by postural effect. In conclusion, position dependent changes of lung density in CT exam are not consistent with thoracic radiograph.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.425-429
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• 2008

We investigated algorithm to detect and characterize interstitial lung abnormalities seen at chest radiographs. This method includes a process of 4 directional Laplaction-Gaussian filtering, and a process of linear opacity judgment. Two regions of interest (ROIs) were selected in each right lung of patients, and these ROIs were processed by our computer-analyzing system. For quantitative analysis of interstitial opacities, the radiographic index, which is the percentage of opacity areas in a ROI, was obtained and evaluated in the images. From or result, abnormal lungs were well differentiated from normal lungs. In our algorithm, the processing results were not only given as the numeric data named "radiographic index" but also confirmed with radiologists observation on CRT. The approach, by which the interstitial abnormalities themselves are extracted, is good enough because the results can be confirmed by the observations of radiologists. In conclusion, our system is useful for the detection and characterization of interstitial lung abnormalities.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.354-363
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• 2001

연구배경 : 피부근염/다발성근염 환자의 폐침범에 대한 국내의 보고는 드물며, 이에 폐를 침범한 피부근염/다발성근염 환자의 임상상을 살펴보았다. 방 법 : 1989년부터 1999년까지 서울대병원을 내원한 피부근염/다발생근염 환자의 임상양상과 방사선검사를 포함한 검사소견을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 총 79명(피부근염/다발성근염 : 54/25명)의 환자 중 24명(33%)의 환자에서 폐침범이 있었다. 폐침범이 있는 환자군의 여성비(11:1)와 연령($50{\pm}13$세)이 높았다. 폐침범이 있는 환자에서 호흡곤란(79%)과 기침(67%)의 증상이 있었고, ESR이 $47{\pm}7\;mm/hr$, CK/LD가 $2169{\pm}820/577{\pm}61\;IU/L$로 증가하였다. Anti-Jo1 Ab는 30%에서 양성이었다(p-value : 0.03). 흉부 HRCT 상 망상 또는 간유리 음영(9%), 선상 음영 또는 중격 비후(50%), 반점상 경화(38%), 벌집낭(33%), 결절 음영(17%)으로 관찰되었다. 환자는 $30{\pm}28$개월 동안 추적관찰 되었고, 스테로이드 단독치료(46%)와 면역억제제 병행치료(50%)를 받았다. 경과 중 사망률은 폐침범이 있는 군(21%)에서 폐침범이 없는 군(10%)보다 높은 경향을 보였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2005

The introduction of high-resolution CT (HRCT) in recent years has improved the ability of radiologists to detect and characterize the diffuse infiltrative lung disease (DILD). The detection and diagnosis of diffuse lung disease using HRCT are based on the recognition of specific abnormal findings. In this article, pattern recognition of HRCT findings is reviewed in the differential diagnosis of diffuse infiltrative lung disease. In general, HRCT findings of lung disease can be classified into four categories based on their appearances. These categories consist of (1) nodules and nodular opacities, (2) linear and reticular opacities, (3) increased lung opacity, and (4) decreased lung opacity, including cystic lesions.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.282-285
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• 2018

A 7 years old, male, Afghan hound (case 1) and a 10 years old, castrated male, Pekingese (case 2) were referred with dyspnea. In case 1, thoracic radiographs showed moderate amount of pleural effusion and lobar sign in the left cranial lung lobe. Following computed tomographic (CT) examination, lung lobe torsion in left cranial lung lobe was diagnosed. In case 2, thoracic radiographs showed increased cranial lobar opacity but there was no evidence of pleural effusion. CT examination revealed an abrupt ending bronchus in the left cranial lung lobe. Based on the imaging diagnosis, left cranial lung lobectomy was performed in both cases. Case 1 showed increased lobar opacity and pleural effusion, while case 2 just showed less concrete evidence of lung lobe torsion on thoracic radiographs and marked severe chronic suppurative pneumonia was histopathologically confirmed. In conclusion, CT could be an important modality when atypical lung disease is suspicious.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2009

Inhaled inorganic dusts such as coal can cause inflammation and fibrosis in the lung called pneumoconiosis. Chronic inflammatory process in the lung is associated with various cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Expression of some cytokines mediates inflammation and leads to tissue damage or fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of blood cytokines interleukin (IL)-$1\beta$, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ and monocyte chemoatlractant protein (MCP)-1 among 124 subjects (control 38 and pneumoconiosis patient 86) with category of chest x-ray according to International Labor Organization (ILO) classification. The levels of serum IL-8 (p= 0.003), TNF-$\alpha$ (p=0.026), and MCP-1 (p=0.010) of pneumoconiosis patients were higher than those of subjects with the control. The level of serum IL-8 in the severe group with the small opacity (ILO category II or III) was higher than that of the control (p=0.035). There was significant correlation between the profusion of radiological findings with small opacity and serum levels of IL-$1\beta$(rho=0.218, p<0.05), IL-8 (rho=0.224, p<0.05), TNF-$\alpha$ (rho=0.306, p<0.01), and MCP-1 (rho=0.213, p<0.01). The serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8, however, did not show significant difference between pneumoconiosis patients and the control. There was no significant correlation between serum levels of measured cytokines and other associated variables such as lung function, age, BMI, and exposure period of dusts. Future studies will be required to investigate the cytokine profile that is present in pneumoconiosis patient using lung specific specimens such as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), exhaled breath condensate, and lung tissue.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.431-434
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• 2005

A 2-year-old castrated male, Cocker spaniel dog with a history of chronic productive cough for 2 to 3 months and with unsuccessful treatment was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. On thoracic radiographs, there were alveolar infiltrations at left cranial and right caudal lung fields, and soft-tissue opacity round to oval images at overall lung field. The bronchi were dilated, tortuous and not tapered. Abnormal air was accumulated focally in the caudodorsal lung fields. To scrutinize the soft-tissue opacity image and accumulated air, computed tomography (CT) was done. On CT images, severe cylindrical or tubular bronchiectasis was confirmed. And the soft-tissue opacity images were found in the dilated bilated and thought to complexes of mucous plugs, inflammatory cells, necrotic and fibrotic tissue. The dog was dead next day to the CT scan, so necropsy and histopathologic examination were perfermed. On the histopathology, there were cylindrical bronhiectasis and severe diffuse chronic fibrinous necropurulent bronchitis and bronchopneumonia. In this case, it was difficult to diagnose the bronchiectasis only with radiography due to the concurrent lesions, such as pulmonary infiltrations and mucous plugs, which was identified by computed tomography. Thus, computed tomography is considered as a useful modality to confirm tile bronchiectasis camouflaged by the concurrent lesion.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권5호
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• pp.436-444
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• 2009

Background: Micro computed tomography (CT) is rapidly developing as an imaging tool, especially for mice, which have become the experimental animal of choice for many pulmonary disease studies. We evaluated the usefulness of micro CT for evaluating lung fibrosis in the murine model of bleomycin-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. Methods: The control mice (n=10) were treated with saline. The murine model of lung fibrosis (n=60) was established by administering bleomycin intra-tracheally. Among the 70 mice, only 20 mice had successful imaging analyses. We analyzed the micro CT and pathological findings and examined the correlation between imaging scoring in micro CT and histological scoring of pulmonary inflammation or fibrosis. Results: The control group showed normal findings on micro CT. The abnormal findings on micro CT performed at 3 weeks after the administration of bleomycin were ground-glass opacity (GGO) and consolidation. At 6 weeks after bleomycin administration, micro CT showed various patterns such as GGO, consolidation, bronchiectasis, small nodules, and reticular opacity. GGO (r=0.84) and consolidation (r=0.69) on micro CT were significantly correlated with histological scoring that reflected pulmonary inflammation (p<0.05). In addition, bronchiectasis (r=0.63) and reticular opacity (r=0.83) on micro CT shown at 6 weeks after bleomycin administration correlated with histological scoring that reflected lung fibrosis (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that micro CT findings from a murine model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis reflect pathologic findings, and micro CT may be useful for predicting bleomycin-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis in mice.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.919-924
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• 2020

Objective: The current study reported a case series to illustrate the early computed tomography (CT) findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pediatric patients. Materials and Methods: All pediatric patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and who underwent CT scan in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20, 2020 to February 28, 2020 were included in the current study. Data on clinical and CT features were collected and analyzed. Results: Four children were included in the current study. All of them were asymptomatic throughout the disease course (ranging from 7 days to 15 days), and none of them showed abnormalities in blood cell counts. Familial cluster was the main transmission pattern. Thin-section CT revealed abnormalities in three patients, and one patient did not present with any abnormal CT findings. Unilateral lung involvement was observed in two patients, and one patient showed bilateral lung involvement. In total, five small lesions were identified, including ground-glass opacity (n = 4) and consolidation (n = 1). All lesions had ill-defined margins with peripheral distribution and predilection of lower lobe. Conclusion: Small patches of ground-glass opacity with subpleural distribution and unilateral lung involvement were common findings on CT scans of pediatric patients in the early stage of the disease.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2000

Objective: To describe the HRCT findings of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved the ten all non-AIDS immunocompromised patients with biopsy-proven CMV pneumonia and without other pulmonary infection encountered at our Medical Center between January 1997 and May 1999. HRCT scans were retrospectively analysed by two chest radiologists and decisions regarding the findings were reached by consensus. Results: The most frequent CT pattern was ground-glass opacity, seen in all patients, with bilateral patchy (n = 8) and diffuse (n = 2) distribution. Other findings included poorly-defined small nodules (n = 9) and consolidation (n = 7). There was no zonal predominance. The small nodules, bilateral in eight cases and unilateral in one, were all located in the centrilobular region. Consolidation (n = 7), with patchy distribution, was bilateral in five of seven patients (71%). Pleural effusion and bilateral areas of thickened interlobular septa were seen in six patients (60%). Conclusion: CMV pneumonia in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients appears on HRCT scans as bilateral mixed areas of ground-glass opacity, poorly-defined centrilobular small nodules, and consolidation. Interlobular septal thickening and pleural effusion are frequently associated.