• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine the chemical composition of kiwifruit skin, and to est its anti-microbial activities and cytotoxicities, thus, exploring ways for the economic utilization of kiwifruit skin. Four varieties of kiwifruit were examined: Daeheung, Bidan, Haegeum No.1 and Hayward. Vitamin C content in the fruit skins of Bidan, Daeheung, Haegeum No.1 and Hayward were 72.44, 67.22, 62.51 and 61.44mg/100g, respectively. Total amino acids content in the fruit skins of Bidan, Haegeum No.1, Hayward and Daeheung ere 808.31, 706.02, 629.07 and 464.83mg/100g dry weight, respectively. K and Ca content ere $17.20-45.70{\mu}g/mL$ and $4.58-10.15{\mu}g/mL$. While, other inorganic matter contents were below $4.89{\mu}g/mL$. Anti-microbial activity of kiwifruit skin extracts, in terms of the diameter of inhibition zone when tested against five gram positive and three gram negative microbial trains (even in the concentration of 2,000mg/L), was less than 14.1mm. The hyperplasia inhibition of lung cancer cells by methanol extracts from Bidan and Haegeum No.1 using concentrations of 800mg/L were 27.7% and 14.5%, however, those from Daeheung and Hayward were below 3% Consequently, it will be useful to know that kiwifruit skin can be added to processed goods which demand for higher concentrations of vitamin C, amino acids, K and Ca.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.749-755
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• 2001

High Electromagnetic Field (EMF) with an intensity of 1 mT (Tesla) inhibited the growth of both human normal lung and immune T cell down to $20-30\%$, compared to that of an unexposed case. The human T-cells, Jurkat, were more severely affected by EMF than the human lung cells, which showed a relatively slow cell growth and substantial releas of $Ca^+2$ (3.5 times higher than the human T-cells). However, the growth of hepatoma carcinoma, Hep3B, was enhanced by twice that of an unexposed case. The EMF intensity and exposure time did not affect the growth of the cancer cells very much, while it significantly affected the growth of normal cells. Accordingly, it is possible that EMFs may play a role in the initiation of cancer. The EMFs disturbed the signal transduction and membrane systems, such that a five times higher amount of PKC-${\alpha}$ was released from the cell membrane than in the control. Extended exposure to EMFs, for more than 48 hours, also led to 1 $90\%$ necrotic death pattern from apoptotic cell death. Finally, EMF at an intensity of 1mT with a 24-T exposure promoted the differentiation of HL-60 cells to monocytes/macrophages, possibly causing potential acute leukemia.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 1984

최근(最近) 산업발달(産業發達)과 더불어 산업폐기물(産業廢棄物)중의 유해(有害) 중금속(重 金屬)에 의한 중독(中毒) 사례(事例)는 날로 증가(增加)하고 있는 실정(寶情) 이다. 그 중 금만성중독시(急慢性中毒時) 심각한 병적(病的) 증상(症狀)을 일으키는 Cd과 다른 영양소(營姜素)와의 상호작용(相互作用)을 규명(究明)코저 한 하나의 시도(試圖)로서 저자(善者)는 다량(多量) 무기영양소(無機營養素)중의 중요(中要) 성분(成分)인 Ca과 Ca의 흡수(吸收)에 중요(重要)한 영향(影響)을 미치는 vitamin D가 Cd 중독(中毒)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하기 위하여 $CdCl_2$용액(溶液)을 음료수(Cd 로서 20 ppm)로 하고 Ca 및 Ca과 vitamin D를 첨가(添加)한 식이(食餌)를 Sprague-Dawley 계(系) 흰쥐(female)에게 80일간(日間) 급여(給與) 시켰던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. l. 체중증가량(體重增加量)은 Cd 급여(給與)로 현저히 감소(減少)하였으나 Ca과 vitamin D 동시(同時) 급여(給與)로 제어(抑制)되었으며 각종(各種) 장기중량(臟器重量)에서 Cd급여(給與)로 인하여 신장(腎臟)과 비장(脾臟)의 중량(重量)은 유의(有意)하게 증가(壇加)하였으나 Ca 및 Ca과 vitamin D의 동시(同時) 급여(給與)로 제어(抑制)되었다. 2. 혈액(血液)중의 Hematocrit 치(値)는 Cd급여(給興)로 현저히 감소(減少)하였으나 Ca 및 Ca과 vitamin D의 동시급여(同時結與)로 제어(抑制)되었으며 cholesterol은 Cd급여(絡與)한 모든 군(群)에서 증가(增加)하였고, GOT, GPT, 종단백질(總蛋白質), albumin, globu1in 및 A/G ratio는 유의성(有意性)이 나타나지 않았다. 3. 간장(肝臟)중의 무기질(無機質) 함량(含量)은 Cd급여(給與)로 인하여 증가(增加) 하였던 Cd과 Mg이 Ca 및 Ca과 vitamin D의 동시(同時) 급여(給與)로 감소(減少)하였고 Cu는 전체적(金體的)으로 변화(變化)가 없었으며 Zn은 Cd 급여(給與)로 감소(減少)하였으나 Ca과 vitamin D의 급여(給與)에 의하여 증가(增加)하였고 Ca은 Ca과 viamin D의 급여(給輿)로 유의(有意)하게 증가(增加)하였다. 신장(腎臟)중의 무기질(無機質) 함량(含量)은 Cd급여(給輿)로 Cu, Mg은 감소(滅少)하였으나 Ca, Zn은 변화(變化)가 없었고 Ca 및 Ca과 Vitamin D의 급여(給與)로 Cd, CU, Zn은 증가(增加)하였다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2012

방사선치료계획장치에서 선량계산을 위해 PBC 알고리즘(pencil beam convolution)은 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. Varian (Varian Medical System, Palo Alto, CA)사는 광자의 선량 계산을 위해서 AAA 알고리즘을 새롭게 선량계산모델로 탑재하였다. 본 연구는 폐와 같은 저밀도 영역에 종양부위가 있는 환자를 대상으로 세기조절방사선치료를 시행할 경우에 PBC 알고리즘과 AAA 알고리즘으로 계산했을 때 차이를 정량적으로 알고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 두 알고리즘의 정량적 분석을 위해서 Eclipse planning system과 I'mRT matrixx (IBA, Schwarzenbruck, Germany)를 사용하였다. 또한 두 알고리즘으로 계산된 선량과 실제 측정된 선량의 차이를 확인하기 위해서 인체모형펜텀(Alderson Rando phantom)속에 TLD-100 (LiF)을 위치 시켰다. 종양부위 주위의 중요장기인 trachea, esophagus, lung, PRV spinal cord의최대선량, 평균선량, 최소선량은 알고리즘의 변화에 따라서 거의 변화가 없었으나, PTV의 V95는 PBC와 비교하여 AAA가 약 6% 감소하는 결과를 얻었다. 이러한 결과는 I'mRT matrixx를 이용하여 저밀도를 가지는 폐의 위치에서 확연하게 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 인체모형펜텀(Alderson Rando phantom)과 TLD-100 (LiF)을 이용한 계산선량과 실제 측정치의 결과는 PBC 알고리즘은 평균 4.6%의 차이를 보였으며, AAA 알고리즘은 평균 2.7%의 차이를 보였다. 이 결과로 저밀도를 가지는 폐암에서의 세기조절방사선치료를 시행할 경우에 PBC 알고리즘보다 AAA 알고리즘이 더 유효함을 알 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.521-531
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• 2023

Transmembrane protein TMEM16A, which encodes calcium-activated chloride channel has been implicated in tumorigenesis. Overexpression of TMEM16A is associated with poor prognosis and low overall survival in multiple cancers including lung adenocarcinoma, making it a promising biomarker and therapeutic target. In this study, three structure-related sesquiterpene lactones (mecheliolide, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone) were extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Aucklandiae Radix and identified as novel TMEM16A inhibitors with comparable inhibitory effects. Their effects on the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells were examined. Whole-cell patch clamp experiments showed that these sesquiterpene lactones potently inhibited recombinant TMEM16A currents in a concentration-dependent manner. The half-maximal concentration (IC50) values for three tested sesquiterpene lactones were 29.9 ± 1.1 µM, 19.7 ± 0.4 µM, and 24.5 ± 2.1 µM, while the maximal effect (E_max) values were 100.0% ± 2.8%, 85.8% ± 0.9%, and 88.3% ± 4.6%, respectively. These sesquiterpene lactones also significantly inhibited the endogenous TMEM16A currents and proliferation, and migration of LA795 lung cancer cells. These results demonstrate that mecheliolide, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone are novel TMEM16A inhibitors and potential candidates for lung adenocarcinoma therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5599-5603
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• 2012

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment; however, its use does not lead to a marked clinical response. Studies of non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer showed that mutations of genes in the PIK3CA/AKT and RAS/RAF/MEK pathways, two major signalling cascades downstream of EGFR, might predict resistance to EGFR-targeted agents. Therefore, we examined the frequencies of mutations in these key EGFR pathway genes in Chinese breast cancer patients. Methods: We used a high-throughput mass-spectrometric based cancer gene mutation profiling platform to detect 22 mutations of the PIK3CA, AKT1, BRAF, EGFR, HRAS, and KRAS genes in 120 Chinese women with breast cancer. Results: Thirteen mutations were detected in 12 (10%) of the samples, all of which were invasive ductal carcinomas (two stage I, six stage II, three stage III, and one stage IV). These included one mutation (0.83%) in the EGFR gene (rs121913445-rs121913432), three (2.50%) in the KRAS gene (rs121913530, rs112445441), and nine (7.50%) in the PIK3CA gene (rs121913273, rs104886003, and rs121913279). No mutations were found in the AKT1, BRAF, and HRAS genes. Six (27.27%) of the 22 genotyping assays called mutations in at least one sample and three (50%) of the six assays queried were found to be mutated more than once. Conclusions: Mutations in the EGFR pathway occurred in a small fraction of Chinese breast cancers. However, therapeutics targeting these potential predictive markers should be investigated in depth, especially in Oriental populations.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제75권3호
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• pp.104-110
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• 2013

Background: Osteopontin (OPN) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), which are expressed on the surface of tumor cells, are associated with hypoxia during tumor development and progression. However, the roles of these proteins in the plasma of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are poorly understood. Herein, we hypothesized that plasma OPN and CAIX levels could be used as diagnostic and prognostic tumor markers in patients with NSCLC. Methods: Fifty-three patients with NSCLC and 50 healthy control subjects were enrolled. We selected controls without malignancy and matched them with NSCLC patient cases according to age and gender. Blood samples were collected at the time of diagnosis; the plasma levels of OPN and CAIX were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The plasma levels of OPN in the patients with NSCLC were significantly elevated as compared to those in the controls (p=0.016). However, there was no difference in the plasma level of CAIX between the NSCLC patients and controls. NSCLC patients with a distant metastasis had a remarkable increase in plasma OPN compared with patients without metastasis (p=0.026), but no such correlation was found for CAIX. There was no difference in overall survival rates according to the plasma level of OPN between the two groups (by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis). Conclusion: Plasma OPN levels were elevated in patients with NSCLC as compared with the controls, with greater elevation of OPN levels in the advanced stages of disease. Therefore, plasma OPN may have utility as a diagnostic, but not prognostic, biomarker of advanced NSCLC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2559-2563
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• 2014

Purpose: We investigated the expression of epithelial $Ca^{2+}$ channel transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 5 and 6 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and assessed their prognostic role in patients after surgical resection. Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to January 2009, 145 patients who had undergone surgical resection of NSCLCs were enrolled in the study. Patient clinical characteristics were retrospectively reviewed. Fresh tumor samples as well as peritumor tissues were analyzed for TRPV5/6 expression using immune-histochemistry (IHC) and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Patients were grouped based on their TRPV5 and TRPV6 levels in the tumor tissues, followed up after surgery, and statistically analyzed to examine the prognostic roles of TRPV5 and TRPV6 on patients' survival after surgical resection of NSCLCs. Results: Using IHC, among the 145 patients who had undergone surgical resection of NSCLCs, strong protein expression (grade${\geq}2$) of TRPV5 and TRPV6 was observed in a lower percentage of primary tumor tissues than in non-tumor tissues of same patients. Similar findigns were obtained with the RT-PCR test for mRNA levels. Decreased overall mRNA levels of TRPV5 and TRPV6 were associated with a worse overall survival rate (p=0.004 and p=0.003 respectively) and shorter recurrence-free survival (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). The combining effect of TRPV5 and TRPV6 on survival was further investigated using multivariate analysis. The results showed that a combination of low expression of TRPV5 and TRPV6 could be an independent predictor of poor recurrence-free survival (p=0.002). Conclusions: Decreased expression of TRPV5/6 in tumor tissues was observed in NSCLC patients and was associated with shorter median survival time after surgical resection. Combined expression of TRPV5 and TRPV6 in tumor tissues demonstrated promising prognostic value in NSCLC patients.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 느티나무 심재부에서 단리한 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene이 나타내는 세포독성을 경감시키고 물에 대한 낮은 용해도를 향상시킬 목적으로 반응물의 7번 위치에 존재하는 수산기를 친수성이 강하고 세포 독성이 없는 글루코오스로 치환시켜 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl -3-methoxycadalene을 합성하였으며, 수율은 약 55%에 이르렀다. 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl -3-methoxycadalene은 반응 전 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene에 비해 물에 대한 수용성이 크게 증가하였다. 카달렌-글루코오스 유도체는 정상 폐조직 세포(WI-38 cell line)와 폐암 세포주(A-549 cell line)에 대한 세포생존율, 즉 반수치사율(IC50)이 각각 $298.2{\mu}m$과 $88.6{\mu}m$로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene에 글루코오스 한 분자를 치환함으로써 폐암세포의 증식억제에 미치는 약리적 효과가 3배 이상으로 향상되었음을 의미한다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2010

관상동맥질환의 진단과 치료를 위한 관상동맥조영술(Coronary Angiography, CA)과 경피적관상동맥중재술(Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, PCI) 과정에서 환자에 대한 유효선량을 알아보고, 이 선량으로 인한 암 발생위험을 CA와 PCI를 구분하여 평가해 보고자 하였다. CA를 시행한 환자 60명과 PCI 시술을 받은 환자 58명을 대상으로 DAP(dose-area product)를 측정하였고, 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션(Monte Carlo simulations) 프로그램(PCXMC 1.5)을 이용하여 유효선량과 장기선량을 산출하였다. 암 발생의 생애귀속위험의 평가는 전리방사선 생물학적 효과 위원회의 7차 보고서(BEIR VII)를 활용하였다. 그 결과 대상자의 DAP 값 평균은 CA군에서 $53.76\;Gy{\cdot}cm^2$이었고, PCI군에서는 $165.82\;Gy{\cdot}cm^2$이었다. 유효선량은 CA군에서 평균 1.28 mSv이었고, PCI군에서는 3.94 mSv이었다. 장기선량은 폐에서 CA군 2.17 mSv, PCI군 6.71 mSv이었고, 여성 유방선량은 CA에서 5.45 mSv, PCI에서 16.82 mSv이었다. 암 발생 생애귀속위험은 CA에서 남성은 1,508명 중 1명, 여성은 1,357명 중 1명이었고, PCI에서는 남성 553 중 1명, 여성은 482명 중 1명이었다. DAP 값은 몬테 카를로 시뮬레이션을 기본으로 하여 장기선량과 유효선량을 계산할 수 있는 지표가 되었다. CA와 PCI 과정에서 환자에게 노출되는 방사선량은 무시할 수 없는 암 발생의 생애귀속위험이 된다. 또한 암 발생 위험은 PCI군에서 더 높았고, 남성보다는 여성이 더 높았다.