• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

지진규모, 진앙거리, 지반조건 및 가옥의 노후도를 고려하여 역사지진의 규모를 추정하였다. 진진규모 6-8, 진앙거리 5 km-350km, 단단한 지반 및 연약 지반 특성을 갖는 18개의 인공지진파를 작성하여 우리 나라 전통 초가삼간에 대한 비선형 동적해석을 수행하였다. 가옥의 경년에 따른 노후도는 목조 프레임의 수평내력에 관한 이력특성이 선형적으로 감소하는 것으로가정하였다. 초가삼간을 1질점계의 1자유도 모델로 모델링하였으며, 비선형 이력특성은 개량형 Double-Targe모델을 이용하였다. 해석결과 원거리 지진에 대해서는 지진규모, 지반조건 및 노후도에 상관없이 매우 적은 피해를 보였다. 중거리 지진의 경우 연약지반에서 규모 6.5 이상의 지진시 반파 이상의 피해가 발생하였다. 근거리 지진의 경우 지반조건 및 노후도에 상관없이 규모 6.5 이상에서 반파 이상의 피해를 나타내었다. 우리 나라 역사지진의 규모는 약 6.2로 추정된다. 우리 나라에 적합한 지반가속도-진도의 경험식을 제안하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.33-36
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• 2008

The transient behavior of a passive air breathing direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) operated on vapor-feeding mode is studied in this paper. It generally takes 30 minutes after starting for the cell response to come to its steady-state and the response is sometimes unstable. A mathematical dynamic one-dimensional model for simulating transient response of the DMFC is presented. In this model a DMFC is decomposed into its subsystems using lumped model and divided into five layers, namely the anodic diffusion layer, the anodic catalyst layer, the proton exchange membrane (PEM), the cathodic catalyst layer and the cathodic diffusion layer. All layers are considered to have finite thickness, and within every one of them a set of differential-algebraic governing equations are given to represent multi-components mass balance, such as methanol, water, oxygen and carbon dioxide, charge balance, the electrochemical reaction and mass transport phenomena. A one-dimensional, isothermal and mass transport model is developed that captures the coupling between water generation and transport, oxygen consumption and natural convection. The single cell is supplied by pure methanol vapor from a methanol reservoir at the anode, and the oxygen is supplied via natural air-breathing at the cathode. The water is not supplied from external source because the cell uses the water created at the cathode using water back diffusion through nafion membrane. As a result of simulation strong effects of water transport were found out. The model analysis provides several conclusions. The performance drop after peak point is caused by insufficiency of water at the anode. The excess water at the cathode makes performance recovery impossible. The undesired crossover of the reactant methanol through the PEM causes overpotential at the cathode and limits the feeding methanol concentration.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.663-678
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• 2020

Robust semi-active vibration control of wind turbines using tuned mass dampers (TMDs) is a promising technique. This study investigates a 1.5 megawatt wind turbine controlled by eight different types of tuned mass damper systems of equal mass: a passive TMD, a semi-active varying-spring TMD, a semi-active varying-damper TMD, a semi-active varying-damper-and-spring TMD, as well as these four damper systems paired with an additional smaller passive TMD near the mid-point of the tower. The mechanism and controllers for each of these TMD systems are explained, such as employing magnetorheological dampers for the varying-damper TMD cases. The turbine is modelled as a lumped-mass 3D finite element model. The uncontrolled and controlled turbines are subjected to loading and operational cases including service wind loads on operational turbines, seismic loading with service wind on operational turbines, and high-intensity storm wind loads on parked turbines. The displacement and acceleration responses of the tower at the first and second mode shape maxima were used as the performance indicators. Ultimately, it was found that while all the semi-active TMD systems outperformed the passive systems, it was the semi-active varying-damper-and-spring system that was found to be the most effective overall - capable of controlling vibrations about as effectively with only half the mass as a passive TMD. It was also shown that by reducing the mass of the TMD and adding a second smaller TMD below, the vibrations near the mid-point could be greatly reduced at the cost of slightly increased vibrations at the tower top.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 $\lambda$/4 헤어핀 공진기를 2.4 GHz 대역의 LTCC(Low Temperature Co-fire Ceramic) 대역통과 필터의 설계에 적용하였다. $\lambda$/4 헤어핀 공진기는 전송선로의 폭을 일정하게 유지한 상태로 특성임피던스를 변화시킬 수 있어, 등가적으로 SIR(Stepped Impedance Resonator)로 동작한다. $\lambda$/4 헤어핀 공진기는 평행결합 선로와 전송선로 부분으로 구성된다. 따라서 공진기의 두 부분의 특성임피던스는 서로 다른 값을 갖는다. 또한 공진기 사이의 결합량을 조절하기 위하여 사용하는 부가적인 결합 패턴은 결합위치에 따라 결합량을 다르게 할 수 있다. 평행 결합선로의 결합 구조와 부가적인 결합 패턴을 모두 고려한 대역통과 필터를 설계하기 위해서 두 결합구조의 등가회로를 하나의 인버터로 통합하는 과정을 제시하였다. 2.4GHz 대역에서 150 MHz 대역폭의 대역통과 필터를 적층 구조로 설계하여 설계 결과와 잘 일치하는 특성을 얻었다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.266-274
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 2차원 광결정 공진기의 결합을 통해 WDM시스템에 적합한 특성을 가지는 공진 필터를 설계하였다. 공진기간의 결합에 있어서 고려해야 할 요소를 시영역에서의 모드 결합이론(coupling modes in time)을 적용하여 이론적으로 분석하였으며, 전자회로 등가화를 이용하여 쉽게 그 요소를 결정할 수 있음을 보였다. 공진기 결합에 있어서 공진기 간의 간격에 따른 위상천이에 대해서 외부감쇄에 의한 Q-factor를 조정함으로써 보상할 수 있음을 확인하였고, 2차원 광결정 점결함 공진기를 이용하여 500GHz의 대역폭을 가지며 통과대역에서 0.5 dB 리플을 가지는 3차 Chebyshev 대역 통과 필터를 설계하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1251-1264
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• 2018

The systematic and effective design method of a Class-D current-source resonant inverter for use in an induction cooker with zero-ripple line current is presented. The design procedure is based on the principle of the Class-D current-source resonant inverter with a simplified load network model that is a parallel equivalent circuit. An induction load characterization is obtained from a large-signal excitation test-bench based on parallel load network, which is the key to an accurate design for the induction cooker system. Accordingly, the proposed scheme provides a systematic, precise, and feasible solution than the existing design method based on series-parallel load network under low-signal excitation. Moreover, a zero-ripple condition of utility-line input current is naturally preserved without any extra circuit or control. Meanwhile, a differential-mode input electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter can be eliminated, high power quality in utility-line can be obtained, and a standard-recovery diode of bridge-rectifier can be employed. The step-by-step design procedure explained with design example. The devices stress and power loss analysis of induction cooker with a parallel load network under large-signal excitation are described. A 2,500-W laboratory prototype was developed for $220-V_{rms}/50-Hz$ utility-line to verify the theoretical analysis. An efficiency of the prototype is 96% at full load.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.821-830
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• 2009

In this paper, modal testing and finite element modeling results to identify the modal parameters of a nuclear fuel rod as well as its cladding tube are discussed. A vertically standing full-size cladding tube and a fuel rod with lead pellets were used in the modal testing. As excessive flow-induced vibration causes a failure in fuel rods, such as fretting wear, the vibration level of fuel rods should be low enough to prevent failure of these components. Because vibration amplitude can be estimated based on the modal parameters, the dynamic characteristics must be determined during the design process. Therefore, finite element models are developed based on the test results. The effect of a lumped mass attached to a cladding tube model was identified during the finite element model optimization process. Unlike a cladding tube model, the density of a fuel rod with pellets cannot be determined in a straightforward manner because pellets do not move in the same phase with the cladding tube motion. The density of a fuel rod with lead pellets was determined by comparing natural frequency ratio between the cladding tube and the rod. Thus, an improved fuel rod finite element model was developed based on the updated cladding tube model and an estimated fuel rod density considering the lead pellets. It is shown that the entire pellet mass does not contribute to the fuel rod dynamics; rather, they are only partially responsible for the fuel rod dynamic behavior.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.892-904
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• 2017

A design of a Class-E inverter with only one inductor and one capacitor is presented. It is operated at the optimal operation mode for domestic cooker. The design principle is based on the zero-voltage derivative switching (ZVDS) of the Class-E inverter with a parallel load network, which is a parallel resonant equivalent circuit. An induction load characterization is obtained from a large-signal excitation test bench, which is the key to an accurate design of the induction cooker system. Consequently, the proposed scheme provides a more systematic, simple, accurate, and feasible solution than the conventional quasi-resonant inverter analysis based on series load network methodology. The derivative of the switch voltage is zero at the turn-on transition, and its absolute value is relatively small at the turn-off transition. Switching losses and noise are reduced. The parameters of the ZVDS Class-E inverter for the domestic induction cooker must be selected properly, and details of the design of the components of this Class-E inverter need to be addressed. A 1,200 W prototype is designed and evaluated to verify the validation of the proposed topology.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 신개념 항공교통수단으로 활용될 자율비행 개인항공기 개발의 일환으로 자율비행 개인항공기 주익조립체의 등가모델을 생성한 후 고유모드 해석을 통해 생성된 등가모델의 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 주익조립체는 주익, 안쪽파드, 바깥쪽 파드로 구성되어 있다. 먼저, 각 부품의 등가모델을 생성하기 위해서 해당 부품을 몇 개의 구역으로 분할하고, 각 구역의 양 끝단에 등가모델 축상에 놓이는 절점들을 생성하였다. 그리고, 단위하중과 단위모멘트을 부과한 정적해석을 통해 변형량 또는 회전량을 계산하고, 빔 이론식을 적용하여 각 부품들의 등가 축강성, 굽힘강성, 비틀림강성을 계산하였다. 그리고, 각 구역 중앙에 집중질량을 생성하여 질량과 관성모멘트 정보를 입력하고, 빔 요소를 사용하여 등가모델을 생성하였다. 최종적으로 상세모델의 모드해석 결과와의 비교를 통해 생성된 등가모델의 신뢰성을 확인하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.452-459
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• 2023

The core power control is an important issue for the study of dynamic characteristics in China initiative accelerator driven subcritical system (CiADS), which has direct impact on the control strategy and safety analysis process. The CiADS is an experimental facility that is only controlled by the proton beam intensity without considering the control rods in the current engineering design stage. In order to get the optimized operation scheme with the stable and reliable features, the variation of beam intensity using the continuous and periodic control approaches has been adopted, and the change of collimator and the adjusting of duty ratio have been proposed in the power control process. Considering the neutronics and the thermal-hydraulics characteristics in CiADS, the physical model for the core power control has been established by means of the point reactor kinetics method and the lumped parameter method. Moreover, the multi-inputs single-output (MISO) logical structure for the power control process has been constructed using proportional integral derivative (PID) controller, and the meta-heuristic algorithm has been employed to obtain the global optimized parameters for the stable running mode without producing large perturbations. Finally, the verification and validation of the control method have been tested based on the reference scenarios in considering the disturbances of spallation neutron source and inlet temperature respectively, where all the numerical results reveal that the optimization method has satisfactory performance in the CiADS core power control scenarios.