• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2014년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.157-159
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• 2014

In this paper, we introduce SlimSRP, an ultra-low-power digital signal processor (DSP) solution for mobile audio and voice applications. So far, application processors (APs) have taken charge of all the tasks in mobile devices. However, they have suffered from short battery life problems to deal with complex usage scenarios, such as always-on voice trigger with continuous audio playback. From extensive analysis of audio and voice application characteristics, SlimSRP is designed to relive the performance and power burden of APs. It employs three-issue VLIW architecture, and the major low-power and high-performance techniques include: (1) an optimized register-file architecture friendly for constants generation, (2) a powerful instruction set to reduce the number of register file accesses and (3) a unique instruction compression scheme that contributes to saved memory size and reduced cache miss. An implementation of SlimSRP runs at up to 200MHz and the logic occupies 95K NAND2 gates in Samsung 28LPP process. The experimental results demonstrate that a MP3 decoder application with a 128kbps 44.1kHz input can run at 5.1MHz and the logic consumes only 22uW/MHz.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of mixed starter cultures isolated from kimchi on physicochemical properties, functionality and flavors of fermented ham. Physicochemical properties, microbial counts, shear force, cholesterol contents and volatile compounds of fermented ham were investigated during processing (curing and ripening time). Curing process for 7 d increased saltiness, however, decreased hunter color values (L, a, and b values). Ripening process for 21 d increased most parameters, such as saltiness, color values, weight loss, shear force and cholesterol content due to the drying process. The mixed starter culture had higher lactic acid bacteria than the commercial one. While eight volatile compounds were identified from fermented hams during curing process, total fiftyeight volatile compounds were identified from fermented hams during ripening process. The main volatile compounds were alcohols, esters and furans. However, no differences in volatile compounds were observed between two batches. Fermented hams (batch B) manufactured with probiotic starter culture (LPP) had higher sensory score in texture, color and overall acceptability than counterparts (batch A), while the opposite trend was observed in flavor. Therefore, mixed probiotic starter culture isolated from kimchi might be used as a starter culture to be able to replace with commercial starter culture (LK-30 plus) for the manufacture of fermented ham.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.883-898
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• 2019

This paper employs computational tools to predict power increase (or speed loss) and propulsion performances in waves of KVLCC2. Two-phase unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations have been solved using finite volume method; and a realizable k-ε model has been applied for the turbulent closure. The free-surface is obtained by solving a VOF equation. Sliding mesh method is applied to simulate the flow around an operating propeller. Towing and self-propulsion computations in calm water are carried out to obtain the towing force, propeller rotating speed, thrust and torque at the self-propulsion point. Towing computations in waves are performed to obtain the added resistance. The regular short head waves of λ/LPP = 0.6 with 4 wave steepness of H/λ = 0.007, 0.017, 0.023 and 0.033 are taken into account. Four methods to predict speed-power relationship in waves are discussed; Taylor expansion, direct powering, load variation, resistance and thrust identity methods. In the load variation method, the revised ITTC-78 method based on the 'thrust identity' is utilized to predict propulsive performances in full scale. The propulsion performances in waves including propeller rotating speed, thrust, torque, thrust deduction and wake fraction, propeller advance coefficient, hull, propeller open water, relative rotative and propulsive efficiencies, and delivered power are investigated.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제9C권5호
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• pp.725-732
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• 2002

기존 LAN 환경에서 멀티미디어 실시간 전송과 같은 QoS 보장형 서비스에 대한 요구가 증대되면서, ATM 기술을 LAM에 적용하는 기술들이 등장하였다. LANE(LAN Emulation)은 그러한 기술들 중에서 캠퍼스와 기업의 네트워크 인프라로 가장 많이 보급되고 있는 대안 중의 하나이다. 그러나 활발한 LANE 도입에 비하여 이의 효과적인 운용에 대한 연구는 드문 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 LANE을 구축한 캠퍼스 네트워크에서 멀티미디어 방송형(broadcast) 트래픽의 최적 운영방안에 대하여 논의한다. 방송형 트래픽 관리에서 발생하는 규모성(scalability) 문제로 인하여 전체 LANE 네트워크는 일반적으로 여러 개의 ELAN(Emulated MU)으로 분할되어 관리된다. 본 연구는 특히 규모성 문제해결을 위한 ELAN 구성(configuration)에 수반되는 비용을 정의하고, LANE 성능에 직결되는 규모성 제약과 ELAN 운용과 관계된 기술적 제약하에서 제반비용을 최소화하는 ELAN 구성(LANE 분할) 의사결정모형을 제공한다. 이는 그래프분할문제(graph partition problem)의 확장된 형태로 모형화 되며, 제안된 수리적 모형을 위한 유전자 알고리즘 해법을 개발하여 소개한다. 또한 실제 LANE 네트워크 운영자료를 사용한 실험을 통하여 최적 ELAN 구성을 위한 정책변수들의 효과를 살펴보고, 이러한 결과들이 기존의 LANE 운영과 관련하여 가지는 함축적인 의미를 고찰한다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.208-218
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• 2023

Photocatalysts are advanced materials which accelerate the photoreaction by providing ordinary reactions with other pathways. The catalysts have various advantages, such as low-cost, low operating temperature and pressure, and long-term use. They are applied to environmental and energy field, including the air and water purification, water splitting for hydrogen production, sterilization and self-cleaning surfaces. However, commercial photocatalysts only absorb ultraviolet light between 100 and 400 nm of wavelength which comprises only 5% in sunlight due to the wide band gap. In addition, rapid recombination of electron-hole pairs reduces the photocatalytic performance. Recently, studies on blackening photocatalysts by laser, thermal, and plasma treatments have been conducted to enhance the absorption of visible light and photocatalytic activity. The disordered structures could yield mid-gap states and vacancies could cause charge carrier trapping. Herein, liquid phase plasma (LPP) is adopted to synthesize Ag-doped black ZnO for the utilization of visible-light. The physical and chemical characteristics of the synthesized photocatalysts are analyzed by SEM/EDS, XRD, XPS and the optical properties of them are investigated using UV/Vis DRS and PL analyses. Lastly, the photocatalytic activity was evaluated using methylene blue as a pollutant.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.421-421
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• 2006

The light and energy-efficiency of classical liquid crystal displays is notoriously poor due to the use of absorption-based linear polarisers and colour filters. For instance, the light efficiency of PVAL polarisers is typically between 40 and 45 % and the colour filters have a typical efficiency below 35 % which results in a total light and energy-efficiency of the display below 10 %. In the past, a variety of polarizers were developed with an enhanced efficiency in generating linearly polarized light. Typically, these polarizers are based on the polarisationselective reflection, scattering or refraction of light i.e. one polarisation direction of light is directly transmitted to the LCD/viewer and the other polarization direction of light is depolarised and recycled which results in a typical efficiency for generating linearly polarized light of 70-85 %. Also, special colour filters have been proposed based on chiral-nematic reactive mesogens which increase the efficiency of generating colour. Despite the enormous progress in this field, a need persists for improved methods for generating polarized light and colour based on low cost optical components with a high efficiency. Here, the use of holographic phase gratings is reported for the generation of polarized light and colour. The phase grating are recorded in a photopolymer which is coated onto a backor frontlight for LCDs. Typically the recording is performed in the transmisson mode or in the waveguiding mode and slanted phase gratings are generated with their refractive index modulation at an angle between 20o and 45o with the normal of the substrate. It is shown that phase gratings with a high refractive index modulation and a high efficiency can be generated by a proper selection of the photopolymer and illumination conditions. These phase gratings coupleout linearly polarized light with a high contrast (> 100) and the light is directed directly to the LCD/viewer without the need for redirection foils. Dependent on the type of phase grating, the different colours are coupled-out at a slightly different angle which potentially increases the efficiency of classical colour filters. Moreover, the phase gratings are completely transparent in direct view which opens the possibility to use them in frontlights for LCDs. Holographic polarization gratings posses a periodic pattern in the polarization state of light (and not in the intensity of light). A periodic pattern in the polarization direction of linearly polarized light is obtained upon interference of two circularly polarized laser beams. In the second part of the lecture, it is shown that these periodic polarization patterns can be recorded in a linear photo-polymerizable polymer (LPP) and that such an alignment layer induces a period rotation in the director of (reactive and non-reactive) liquid crystals. By a proper design, optical components can be produced with only first order diffraction and with a very high efficiency (>0.98). It is shown that these diffraction gratings are potentially useful in projection displays with a high brightness and energy efficiency

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.30-30
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• 2023

This study aims to establish the multi-reservoir operation system model in the Upper Mun River Basin which includes 5 main dams namely, Mun Bon (MB), Lamchae (LC), Lam Takhong (LTK), Lam Phraphoeng (LPP), and Lower Lam Chiengkrai (LLCK) Dams. The knowledge and AI technology were applied aiming to develop innovative prototype for SMART dam-reservoir operation in future. Two different sorts of reservoir operation system model namely, Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Constraint Programming (CP) as well as the development of rainfall and reservoir inflow prediction models using Machine Learning (ML) technique were made to help specify the right amount of daily reservoir releases for the Royal Irrigation Department (RID). The model could also provide the essential information particularly for the Office of National Water Resource of Thailand (ONWR) to determine the short-term and long-term water resource management plan and strengthen water security against flood and drought in this region. The simulated results of base case scenario for reservoir operation in the Upper Mun from 2008 to 2021 indicated that in the same circumstances, FL and CP models could specify the new release schemes to increase the reservoir water storages at the beginning of dry season of approximately 125.25 and 142.20 MCM per year. This means that supplying the agricultural water to farmers in dry season could be well managed. In other words, water scarcity problem could substantially be moderated at some extent in case of incapability to control the expansion of cultivated area size properly. Moreover, using AI technology to determine the new reservoir release schemes plays important role in reducing the actual volume of water shortfall in the basin although the drought situation at LTK and LLCK Dams were still existed in some periods of time. Meanwhile, considering the predicted inflow and hydrologic factors downstream of 5 main dams by FL model and minimizing the flood volume by CP model could ensure that flood risk was considerably minimized as a result of new release schemes.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 1997

근해안강망업업에서 경제성이 있고 안전성이 향상된 어선의개발에 중요한 기본자료가 될 최적한어선의 규모 및 기본치수를 선정하게되는 본 연구는 그 내용을 최적규모에 영향을 주는 어업 및 어선의 기본성능분석과 최적규모 결정을 위한 시스템의 개발로 크게 구분할 수 있다. 최적규모에 여향을 주는 어업 및 어선의 기본성능분석에서는 근해안강망어업의 어업자원 평가, 어업실태조사 등을 하고, 기본성능의 분석은 대표적인 톤급에서 빈번히 살생되는 안전성, 조업성등과 어선의 기분수치와의 인과관계를 ISM기법으로 분석하여 최적규모 결정모델에 이용하였다. 한편 최적규모결정을 위한 시스템을 경제성 평가 및 최적화 모델 구성, 어선의 초기설계조직의 구성, 및 시스템분석 S/W개발로 구분하여 연구를 수행하였으며, 최종적으로 규모 및 기분치수를 찾았다. 근해안강망어업의 개발대상어선의 대표적인 톤급으로 냉동설비를 성치한현축식 89톤급 및 선미식 89톤급으로 구분하여, 즉 어선(I)군과 어선(II)군으로 분류아여 항해속력 9~11노트에서 최적규모 및 기본치수를 구하였다. 즉 어선(I)군과 어선(II)군에 대한 경제성 분석을 통하여 얻어진 결과에 의햐면 어선(I)군에서는 향해 속력 10노트에 현측식 89톤 근해안강망어선(냉동설비 설치)이 경제적인 것으로 평가된다. 특히 어선(II)군의 향해속력 10노트인 {어선(II-2)군}대상어선은 분석된 모든 어선중에서 가장 경제성이 좋고 안전성을 만족하고 있는 것으로 최정적인 결론을 얻게 되었따. 이와 같은 연구로부터 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 즉 우리나라 안강망어업에 적합하게 이용될 수 있다고 사료되는 89톤급 선미식 안강망어선의 기본치수는 배의 길이(Lpp):27.0~28.0m, 배의 폭(B):6.6~6.8m, 배의 깊이(D):2.75-2.85m,방형 계수$C_b$:03685-0.698, 항해 속력(Vs):10노트인 것으로 분석된다. 감소되지 않았다' '통증을 호소했을 때 빨리 혹은 시기적절하게 대처해주지 않았다', '환자가 통증을 호소할 때, 무관심하며 형식적으로 대했다', '약물 투여방법, 작용시간, 부작용 등 통증 관리에 대한 정보제공이 없었다' 이었으며, 만족하는 이유는 '통증조절 후 통증이 감소했다', '통증을 호소할 때 의료진이 관심을 가져주었다', '의사나 간호사가 신속하게 통증조절을 해주었다' '의사를 신뢰하기 때문' 이었다. 4) 암성통증관리의 만족 또는 불만족에 영향을 미치는 요인 : 만족 집단과 불만족 집단의 통증정도 및 일상생활에 지장을 미치는 정도에 있어서 두 그룹간 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 통증관리에 대한 환자의 염려 항목 중 '훌륭한 환자는 통증을 호소하지 않는 자이다'에 있어서 만족 집단의 평균점수가 불만족 집단의 평균점수보다 통계적으로 매우 유의하게 높았다. 결론 : 선행연구들에 비해 암환자의 통증관리에 대한 만족도는 증가하였으나 아직도 30%정도의 대상자는 만족하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 암환자의 통증 관리에 대한 만족도 향상을 위해 통증관련 약물, 통증 완화를 위한 간호중재방법 및 환자들의 통증과 관련된 잘못된 지식을 개선하는 내용이 포함된 환자교육이 절실히 요구된다. 지구조 판별도에서 지판이 침강 섭입하는 지판 경계부(destructive plate margin) 중 화산호의 조구적 영역에 도시된다. 본역의 화산암을 생성시킨 마그마는 $Al_2O_3$와 CaO 함량의 관계도, mode에서 나타나는 사장석 반정, 분화가 진행될수록 부의 Eu 이상이 증가하는 것 등에서 사장석의 분별이 우세한 분별결정작용을 거쳤음을 알 수 있다. 안산암질암을 관입한 중상 암맥에서 측정한 암석 년령은 $97.0{\pm}6.8~94.5{\pm}6.6$, 데사이트질암은 $68.9{\pm}4.8,\61.5{\pm}4.9~60.7{\pm}4.