• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 1994

Since two oil shocks in 1970s, all of engine makers have persevered in their efforts to reduce specific fuel consumption and to increase engine power rate as much as possible in marine diesel engines. As a result, the maximum pressure in cylinders of these engines has been continuously increased. It causes direct axial vibration. The axial stiffness of crank shaft is low compared to old types of engine models by increasing the stroke/bore ratio and its major critical speed might occur within engine operation range. An axial damper, therefore, needs to be installed in order to reduce the axial vibration amplitude of the crankshaft. Usually the main critical speed of axial vibration for the propulsion shafting system with a 4-8 cylinder engine exists near the maximum continuous revolution(MCR). In this case, when the damping coefficient of the damper is increased within the allowance of the structural strength, its stiffness coefficient is also increased. Therefore, the main critical speed of axial vibration can be moved beyond the MCR. It has the same function as a conventional detuner. However, in the case of a 9-12 cylinder engine, the main critical speed of axial vibration for the propulsion shafting system exists below the MCR and thus the critical speed cannot be moved beyond the MCR by using an axial damper. In this case, the damping coefficient of an axial damper should be adjusted by considering the range of engine revolution, the location and vibration amplitude of the critical speed, the fore and aft vibration of the hull super structure. It needs to clarify the dynamic characteristics of the axial vibration damper to control the axial vibration appropriately. Therefore authors suggest the calculation method to analyse the dynamic characteristics of axial vibration damper. To confirm the calculation method proposed in this paper, it is applied to the propulsion shafting system of the actual ships and satisfactory results are obtained.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2022

In this study, the load fluctuation of the main engine is considered to be a disturbance for the jacket coolant temperature control system of the low-speed two-stroke main diesel engine on the ships. A nonlinear PID temperature control system with satisfactory disturbance rejection performance was designed by rapidly transmitting the load change value to the controller for following the reference set value. The feed-forwarded load fluctuation is considered the set points of the dual loop control system to be changed. Real-coded genetic algorithms were used as an optimization tool to tune the gains for the nonlinear PID controller. ITAE was used as an evaluation function for optimization. For the evaluation function, the engine jacket coolant outlet temperature was considered. As a result of simulating the proposed cascade nonlinear PID control system, it was confirmed that the disturbance caused by the load fluctuation was eliminated with satisfactory performance and that the changed set value was followed.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2007

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) shows great potential for low $NO_x$ emission but is hampered by the problem of no direct method to control the combustion process. Therefore, HCCI combustion becomes unstable easily, especially at lower and higher engine load. This paper presents a method to achieve diesel-fueled HCCI combustion, which involves directly injecting diesel fuel into the cylinder before the piston arrives at top dead center in the exhaust stroke and adjusting the valve overlap duration to trap more high temperature residual gas in the cylinder. The combustion stability of diesel-fueled HCCI combustion and the effects of engine load, speed, and valve overlap on it are the main points of investigation. The results show that: diesel-fueled HCCI combustion has two-stage heat release rate (low temperature and high temperature heat release) and very low $NO_x$ emission, combustion stability of the HCCI engine is worse at lower load because of misfire and at higher load because of knock, the increase in engine speed aids combustion stability at lower load because the heat loss is reduced, and increasing negative valve overlap can increase in-cylinder temperature which aids combustion stability at lower load but harms it at higher load.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2017

Fuel oil consumption cost varies depending on every ship operation and this roughly amounts to 70 % of shipping companies' total revenue. As such, efforts towards improved fuel economy are being pursued. An annual 1 % reduction in fuel consumption is perceived to result in saving tens million US dollars on the global fleet operation. One approach is the application of power take-off configurations which are seen to increase fuel oil economy and are suitable for power generation. In this study, the dynamic properties of a shaft generator coupled on a 10S90ME main engine of an 18 600 TEU container vessel is presented. The vibratory torque and angular velocity variation was examined through theoretical analysis and actual vibration measurement. The result of the study suggests a review on existing classification rules for generator design and the lowering of vibratory torque and angular velocity variation guideline.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1152-1161
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• 2009

신조선 선박에서 시운전 중 주 추진 시스템의 동력을 측정하는 방법은 스트레인 게이지를 이용하여 축의 변형률로부터 얻어지는 직접적인 방법과 기계적인 또는 전기적인 픽업을 이용하여 계측한 실린더연소압력으로부터 환산된 면적에 의한 간접적인 방법으로 구분할 수 있다. 이러한 동력은 장주기로 선박의 여러 가지 해상 운동에 의해서 그리고 단주기로는 축계의 비틀림, 축계 배치 및 횡진동의 영향에 의해서 변동한다. 본 논문에서는 축동력측정과 평가를 위하여 통계적인 해석법을 소개하고 있고, 저속2행정디젤엔진과 감속기를 포함 중속 4행정 디젤엔진 모델에 의해서 이들이 확인되고 있다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.611-616
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• 2013

선박운항의 경제성, 효율성 및 편리성을 높이면서 친환경적인 선박에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 추진되고 있는데, 그 중 한 예로 전자제어식 디젤엔진의 개발을 들 수 있다. 그러나 전자제어식 엔진으로 추진되는 선박은 안전성과 신뢰성이 우려되고 있어 이들을 선박에 널리 보급하는데 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 전자제어식과 캠구동식 연료분사시스템을 탑재하고 있는 선박의 주기관을 이용하여 시스템별 배기성능을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 전자제어식의 경제적 운항 모드에서는 캠구동식과 비슷한 배기특성을 나타내었지만, 유해가스 저배출 모드의 100% 부하상태에서는 NOx를 100ppm 이상, HC의 경우 50% 부하상태에서는 10~20ppm을, 25% 부하상태에서는 35~40ppm을 캠구동식에 비해 저감시킨다. 연료소비율에 있어서는 25% 부하상태에서 압축압력을 캠 구동식에 비해 200bar 이상 증가시킨 700bar로 유지할 때 7g/kWh 정도 저감되었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.722-728
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• 2015

2013년 1월 1일 이후 발효된 선박 에너지효율관리계획(SEEMP) 규정에 따라 선박에서는 점차 에너지관리에 대한 요구가 증가되고 있다. 이에 따라, 선박의 에너지 사용에 가장 많은 부분을 차지하는 주기관의 연료 사용량 및 출력과 관련된 요소들이 엄격하게 모니터링 되어 질 필요가 있다. 현재 주기관 출력을 모니터링 및 확인하기 위한 많은 장치들이 개발되어 적용되고 있으나 본 연구에서는 저렴하고 장치가 쉬운 각도센서인 엔코더(encoder)를 이용하여 주기관의 출력상태를 실시간으로 파악하기 위한 실험을 하였다. 실제 운항 중인 두 선박의 주기관에서 엔코더와 근접센서를 이용하여 한 사이클 동안의 각속도 변동을 계측하고 이 데이터 값을 토크 변동으로 계산하여 주기관의 토크변동 상태를 조사하였다. 또한, 실린더의 이상 연소 시 발생하는 각속도 변화를 측정하여 착화 실패에 따른 토크 변동을 조사하고 실험의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해 해상시운전 데이터와 비교하였다. 본 연구를 통해 저렴한 장치를 이용하여 실시간 출력상태를 파악할 수 있었다.