• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2015

The ASHRAE Design Guide for Tall, Supertall and Megatall Building Systems was produced in collaboration with the CTBUH. The design guide outlines various tall building mechanical systems that are presently being designed or are planned for the future. Tall commercial buildings in particular present a series of design problems that set them apart from other functions. The Design Guide will be of interest to owners, architects, structural engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers and other specialized engineers and consultants. This design guide addresses design issues for tall commercial buildings, which are very often mixed-use, and commonly consist of low level retail, office floors, residential units, and hotel uses.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.45-65
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• 2018

Over the last three decades, Performance-based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) has been mainly developed for high seismicity regions. Although information is abundant for PBEE throughout the world, the application of PBEE to lower-seismicity regions, such as those where the magnitude of the maximum considered earthquake (MCE) is less than 6.5, is not always straightforward because some portions of PBEE may not be appropriate for such regions due to geological differences between high- and low-seismicity regions. This paper presents a brief review of state-of-art PBEE methodologies and introduces the seismic hazard of lower-seismicity regions, including those of the Korean Peninsula, with their unique characteristics. With this seismic hazard, representative low-rise RC MRF structures and high-rise RC wall residential structures are evaluated using PBEE. Also, the range of the forces and deformations of the representative building structures under the design earthquake (DE) and the MCE of South Korea are presented. These reviews are used to propose some ideas to improve the practice of state-of-art PBEE in lower-seismicity regions.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2014

The use of Buckling Restrained Braces (BRB) for enhancing the performance of the buildings is gaining wider acceptance. This paper presents the first application of these devices in a major high-rise building in the Philippines. A 50-storey residential reinforced concrete building tower, with ductile core wall, with BRB system is investigated. The detailed modeling and design procedure of buckling restrained brace system is presented for the optimal design against the two distinct levels of earthquake ground motions; serviceable behavior for frequent earthquakes and very low probability of collapse under extremely rare earthquakes. The stiffness and strength of the buckling restrained brace system are adjusted to optimize the performance of the structural system under different levels of earthquakes. Response spectrum analysis is conducted for Design Basis Earthquake level and Service level, while nonlinear time history analysis is performed for the most credible earthquake. The case study results show the effectiveness of buckling restrained braces.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.177-182
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• 2004

To cope with the serious housing shortage arising from rapid urbanization and industrialization, residential communities were constructed to meet the growing demand for housing. However, mass construction of these residential communities unavoidably resulted in uniformity standardization. In particular, for high rise apartment blocs using the ground floor as the center of the lower levels housings has raised problem of sunshine, airing, privacy. The research which it sees as the house low evaluation it is coming to become it plans a public facilities on lower levels of the building which keeps the quality which the ground connection and human scale back separates as, to solve the problem point of the lower levels house and the resident collective life which is smooth becomes accomplished.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제76권1호
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• pp.83-99
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• 2020

Shear walls are structural members in buildings that are used extensively in reinforced concrete frame buildings, and almost exclusively in the UK, regardless of whether or not they are actually required. In recent years, the UK construction industry, led by the Concrete Centre, has questioned the need for such structural elements in low to mid-rise reinforced concrete frame buildings. In this context, a typical modern, 5-storey residential building is studied, and its existing shear walls are replaced with columns as used elsewhere in the building. The aim is to investigate the impact of several design variables, including concrete grade, column size, column shape and slab thickness, on the building's structural performance, considering two punching shear limits (V_Ed/V_Rd,c), lateral drift and accelerations, to evaluate its maximum possible height under wind actions without the inclusion of shear walls. To facilitate this study, a numerical model has been developed using the ETABS software. The results demonstrate that the building examined does not require shear walls in the design and has no lateral displacement or acceleration issues. In fact, with further analysis, it is shown that a similar building could be constructed up to 13 and 16 storeys high for 2 and 2.5 punching shear ratios (V_Ed/V_Rd,c), respectively, with adequate serviceability and strength, without the need for shear walls, albeit with thicker columns.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

Rapid social change affects residential environments and this in turn creates new stimuli to which people have to adapt. These stimuli have been seen to increase stress levels. Therefore, dwellers in these environments try to reduce stress through various methods. The purpose of this paper is to: 1) identify the general trends of coping styles about residential environmental stress, 2) analyze the differences in socio-demographic characteristics and how the physical characteristics of buildings affect stress, find out how personal backgrounds affect stress levels and the ability to get rid of environmental-related stress. The subjects in this study consisted of people living in multi-family housing in Gwangju. The city is divided into 5 districts and used quota sampling. 324 housewives were surveyed from the households by self-administered questionnaires. The survey was conducted in December, 2006, after the questionnaire was revised based on the results of preliminary survey. After all the questionnaires were collected, the data was coded and analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. This study confirmed that the manner in which those in multi-family housing coped with stress. Especially, we need a policy which seriously considers residents who are of low social-economic standing. As well as being exposed to residential environmental stress, they also have no means to deal with it. The age of a building had a strong impact on coping styles about residential environmental stress. We have to make special studies about the adaptive reuse of buildings for the reduction of residential environmental stress and to greatly improve coping styles. In conclusion, it emphasized the importance of education, information, and economic aid. Reasonable housing management would surely lead to a rise in residential satisfaction and the promotion of residential welfare.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.132-137
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• 2015

A modular construction method includes factory-prefabricated room-sized volumetric units. Although low-rise buildings have been constructed worldwide using this method for more than 30 years, it is a relatively new technology in high-rise construction. There are three basic methods of constructing high-rise buildings using modular construction: the core method, the core-and-podium combination method, and the modular in-fill method. While the first two have been used in the USA and in several European countries, the third method, introduced in 2011 by an international cruise ship development firm, is a rather new approach for which there are few case histories. Therefore, its applicability and construction feasibility should be verified. As a pilot study to test the applicability of the modular in-fill method, a 12-story residential building was built in Korea. This paper describes a case study of the pilot project. The advantages and disadvantages of the method and its applicability in terms of cost effectiveness and construction schedule management were evaluated.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.26-49
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• 2018

본 연구는 도시지역을 대상으로 태양복사모델링을 수행하고 검증하여, 도시 내 열스트레스 완화에 대한 적용 가능성을 논의하였다. 이를 위해 연구지역은 항공 LiDAR 자료를 기반으로 실제 건물과 식생의 형태와 높이가 구현되었고, 보행자높이에서의 단파 및 장파복사 플럭스가 모의될 수 있도록 해상도를 향상시켰다. 고층 및 저층 건물이 고밀도로 존재하는 주거지역 $4km^2$에서 SOLWEIG 모델을 이용하여 복사플럭스를 모의하고, 지표에너지수지시스템의 Net radiometer를 이용한 복사플럭스 관측자료로 검증하였다. 그 결과 여름철 맑은 날 가장 높은 정확도를 나타냈고, 같은 날에 대한 평균복사온도를 모의한 결과, 그림자영향이 적은 저층 건물지역과 도로표면에서 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈으며, 고층 건물지역과 식생지역에서는 그림자의 영향으로 상대적으로 낮은 수치를 나타냈다. 본 연구에서 제안된 방법은 보행자높이에서 도시 내 열스트레스 지역 관리를 위한 높은 신뢰도를 보여주었다. 더욱 확장되고 있는 도시재생 및 재개발에 있어서, 새로운 주거환경을 도입하기 위해 도시 기반시설을 계획할 때 자연 및 인공 도시환경 설정과 관련된 많은 기능이 적용될 수 있다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2014

The improvement of adaptation capability against heat island (ACHI) by greening buildings is considered as an important measure to cope with a climate change. This study aimed to select the most appropriate zones for green roof initiative in case study sites, Bucheon, Anyang, and Suwon Cities and to investigate the characteristics of buildings for greening to improve ACHI. Relative ACHI for each lot was estimated from 0 to -9, assuming that it decreases with the distance from green space and waterbody. Low adaptation capabilities were mostly shown in the old urban blocks with dense low-rise buildings and lack of green space. Three blocks with the lowest ACHIs were chosen as a green roof initiative zone in each city. They are largely residential areas including low-rise buildings such as single, multi-household houses, townhouses, 5 or lower story apartments and few are industrial areas crowded with small factory buildings. The areas of building roof available for greening are 8.8% within the selected zones in Bucheon City, 5.3% in Anyang City, and 4.9% in Suwon City. As it were, 25.2~41.7% of the roof top areas are available for greening in these zones. It means that roof top areas of $25,000{\sim}120,000m^2$ can be used for greening within the selected zones of $0.64{\sim}1.65km^2$ to improve ACHI. The approach and results of the study are significant to provide a logical basis and information on location, scale, effect, and target figure of greening as a measure to cope with climate change.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.517-539
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• 2011

This paper presents the seismic responses of a 1:5-scale five-story reinforced concrete building model, which represents a residential apartment building that has a high irregularity of weak story, soft story, and torsion simultaneously at the ground story. The model was subjected to a series of uni- and bi-directional earthquake simulation tests. Analysis of the test results leads to the following conclusions: (1) The model survived the table excitations simulating the design earthquake with the PGA of 0.187 g without any significant damages, though it was not designed against earthquakes; (2) The fundamental mode was the torsion mode. The second and third orthogonal translational modes acted independently while the torsion mode showed a strong correlation with the predominant translational mode; (3) After a significant excursion into inelastic behavior, this correlation disappeared and the maximum torsion and torsion deformation remained almost constant regardless of the intensity of the two orthogonal excitations; And, (4) the lateral resistance and stiffness of the critical columns and wall increased or decreased significantly with the large variation of acting axial forces caused by the high bi-directional overturning moments and rocking phenomena under the bi-directional excitations.