• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6445-6450
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• 2013

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Failure to prevent cervical cancer is partly due to non-participation in regular screening. It is important to plan and develop screening programs directed towards underscreened women. In order to identify the factors associated with underscreening for cervical cancer among women, this study examined Pap test participation and factors associated with not having a time-appropriate (within 3 years) Pap test among a representative sample of women in Ontario, Canada using Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) data. Materials and Methods: Univariate analyses, cross-tabulations, and logistic regression modeling were conducted using cross-sectional data from the 2007-2008 CCHS. Analyses were restricted to 13,549 sexually active women aged 18-69 years old living in Ontario, with no history of hysterectomy. Results: Almost 17% of women reported they had not had a time-appropriate Pap test. Not having a time-appropriate Pap test was associated with being 40-69 years old, single, having low education and income, not having a regular doctor, being of Asian (Chinese, South Asian, other Asian) cultural background, less than excellent health, and being a recent immigrant. Conclusions: Results indicate that disparities still exist in terms of who is participating in cervical cancer screening. It is crucial to develop and implement cervical cancer screening programs that not only target the general population, but also those who are less likely to obtain a Pap tests.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2015

Recently, the increase of single households are remarkable in Korean society due to various social and economic reasons such as aging and changes in values, and it is expected to bring many changes to social and economic structures and residential spaces. Increase of single households is a result of complex economic, cultural and social factors. It is because as the individual's financial independence increases due to elevated income and education level, the age of marriage is going up and the individualism, which values the individual's value rather than custom, is spreading. It is expected to accelerate further in connection with the changes in structure of population, such as a low birth rate and aging. As the number of single households is increasing, the development and marketing for single household products are actively growing. With the increase in consumption demand and need of growing single households, the multi-functional system furniture that can be efficiently and conveniently used in small spaces are needed, but the furniture manufactured in Korean companies are designed for regular housing and is not suitable for single households. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop multi-functional system furniture can be freely used in the housing structure of single household and small spaces.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-94
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• 2000

Korea's social health insurance system was introduced in 1977, which has made a universal coverage possibly by July 1989. Korean government had pursued a single objective for the last decade to put the whole population under the coverage of medical security, and the objective was achieved within 12 years. The rapid accomplishment is primarily due to such factors as limited benefits, high copayment rate, low contributions as well as rapid economic growth. There are several sources of pressure for the implementation of social health insurance such as health professional group, labor unions, politicians, international organizations etc.. However it is important to look at the feasibility of social health insurance. Among other things, it is necessary to identify the administrative infrastructure of insurance system and to assess income for source of fund. As many developed countries, Korea began to apply health insurance to the employees of the large firms, and the expansion based on employment status. Thus the several funds system was inevitable according to the gradual expansion strategy. However many persons had criticized several funds system in respect with equity and efficiency aspects. In the short history of the Korean health insurance, whether one fund or sever or funds had been the most controversial issue. In Febrary 1999, the National Assembly passed the act of one fund system. From July 2000 separate funds will be unifed under new health insurance scheme. In this study we will analyze the policy making process on implementation, expansion and integration of health insurance system of Korea. And also analyse problems related to policy making.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.65-78
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• 2012

This research investigated the difficulties in parenting influenced by the mother's characteristics and child's temperament. This study used first-year data from the Panel Study of Korean Children(PSKC), which was carried out under the R&D Center's child care policy. The following methods were used for analysis; descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression using SPSS 13.0 program. First, the result is that the difficulties in parenting in terms of mother's sociology of population is more difficult when mother is early 30, low educational attainment and has no income and religion. Second, the result shows that relation between mother's characteristics or child's temperament and difficulties for parenting is affected by both depression, conflict of mother's characteristics and emotions of child's temperament. Third, the most important thing that affects to difficulties in parenting is in order of mother's depression, self-esteem, the method of bringing up, emotions of child's temperament and parent's trouble.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.53-69
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• 2004

While the life in the fishing villages in old days was characterized by accepting the sea as destiny by birth, it became an industrial one nowadays with industry - scale fisheries as the mainstream. It is expected, however, that nature - friendly life will be prevailing in the fishing villages in the future In these days, the status of fishing village is on a very terrible situation due to the decrease in population, low income, environment destruction, and so on. However, the fishing village should be revitalized because of its public benefits at least. Recently, a kind of affirmative appearance in fishing village is that people who are willing to visit fishing village are increasing. The fishermen are supposed to use this opportunity for its economic and social interests. This paper suggests a kind of way, enjoyable fishery after catching and farming fishery, to use it. Enjoyable fishery consists of watching (learning by observation) fishery and doing (experience) fishery. The example of watching fishery is inspecting the fixed net fishery, doing fishery is experience of small dragnet fishery. The activation devices of the enjoyable fishery are suggested as follows; 1) fixing the identification of regional tourism 2) the development of regional enjoyable 3) opening of one day's fisherman school. 4) networking with fishing village amenity improvement 5) driving sisterhood system with urban area.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.867-878
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for improvement in worker's uniform in both scientific and efficient ways. To make this procedure right, we brought the focus of the study into the present condition of working uniform in various machinery plants. The study was enforced by questionnaire and personal interview. The subjects of the survey were the 264 workers working in mechanical industry in Seoul. The results obtained from the researches by methods above are as follows. The level of satisfaction, on the whole, with their uniforms failed to reach the average level with the result of 2.97. The reason would be they have not been very contented with colors and materials. The level of satisfaction of color was only 2.76, far less reaching the average score 3. In detail, they complained color is dull, dark, too much solid and outdated. Surprisingly, the level of satisfaction with materials turned out to be really low as the materials used get dirty easily, doesn't draw moisture away from the skin quickly transport to surface making wearer more comfortable and doesn't have plenty of air moving out. According to statistics of population, the level of satisfaction of uniform on the whole differed from the point of age, gender, categories of industry, one's professional experience and income level.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2021

The world is facing an unprecedented economic, social and political crisis with the spread of COVID-19. The Corona Virus (COVID-19) and its global spread have resulted in declaring a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The deadly pandemic of 21st century has spread its wings across the globe with an exponential increase in the number of cases in many countries. The developing and underdeveloped countries are struggling hard to counter the rapidly growing and widespread challenge of COVID-19 because it has greatly influenced the global economies whereby the underdeveloped countries are more affected by its devastating impacts, especially the life of the low-income population. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) were particularly useful in spreading key emergency information and helping to maintain extensive social distancing. Updated information and testing results were published on national and local government websites. Mobile devices were used to support early testing and contact tracing. The government provided free smartphone apps that flagged infection hotspots with text alerts on testing and local cases. The purpose of this research work is to provide an in depth overview of emerging technologies and recent ICT developments to combat COVID-19 Pandemic. Finally, the author highlights open challenges in order to give future research directions.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2021

Background: Workers' oral health problems result in work disruption, including absenteeism or early leave, which reduces work efficiency. This study was conducted to investigate the subjective oral health status and oral problems of workers,and to identify the factors disrupting workflow due to oral problems. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was administered to 300 industrial workers in a metropolitan area. A total of 284 individuals were finally analyzed, after excluding the data of 16 workers who had missing responses among the recovered questionnaires. Results: Subjective oral health status was average in 44.4%, healthy in 32.0%, and unhealthy in 16.9% of the study population. Subjective oral health problems were the highest in the order of food impaction(28.9%), cavity(26.8%), tooth sensitivity (22.9%), and calculus(21.1%). However, sudden and unexplained tooth pain (12.0%), gum swelling and tooth mobility (10.2%), and wisdom tooth pain (4.9%) were relatively low. The average monthly income (p<.05) and subjective oral health status (p<.01) were statistically significant factors interrupting workflow. Conclusion: To minimize workers' oral health problems and work disruption due to oral diseases, it is necessary to promote workers' oral health and oral disease prevention programs within the workplace.

• 한국전통의학지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.128-144
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• 2006

This Study aims at looking into the use of oriental medical services in treating hypertension. The first objective to be explored through this study is the morbidity caused by the disease, classifying them by age, gender, and occupation. The second is to determine the regular use of anti-hypertensive medicine and their efficacy in controlling blood-pressure. The third is to investigate the use-rate and satisfaction of oriental medical service. 838 households across the country, were asked to answer questionnaires for the period of time from Apr. to Jun. 2005. The conclusion from the survey can be summarized as following. The age of which the first medical diagnosis of hypertension were made showed lower in males, those with higher education and income. The study showed females were more active in blood-pressure control, with their frequent monitoring of blood-pressure for the past year. With age, people in under 50 age group proved to be less active. The management of high blood pressure was more effective in group with regular dosage compared to group with irregular use of anti-hypertensive medication, but their difference was minimal. Also, group with no medication showed signs of blood-pressure control. The use of oriental medical service for the past year, were more frequent in groups with lower education, either low or high income, old age, females and occupations in agriculture, forestry and fishing industry. Results were similar in both general population and high blood-pressure patient group. Females, people over 51 years old and with lower education showed more intentions in utilizing oriental medical services in the future. Results were similar in both general population and high blood-pressure patient group. It is necessary to offer a more accurate information on oriental medical treatments. Also, a systematic reform to reduce the patient's share of the treatment cost, as well as, heightening public awareness on the infirmity of present blood-pressure management system is crucial.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 우리나라 19세 이상 성인의 사회경제적 수준에 따른 플라보노이드 섭취행태와 그에 따른 식생활 특성을 파악하기 위해 제 4 5기 국민건강영양조사 (2007~2012) 자료의 24시간 회상법 자료와 상용식품 중 플라보노이드 함량 데이터베이스를 연계하여, 1일 총 플라보노이드 및 개별 플라보노이드 (플라보놀, 플라본, 플라바논, 플라반-3-올, 안토시아닌, 프로안토시아닌, 이소플라본)의 섭취량을 추정하였다. 그 결과, 한국 19세 이상 성인의 1일 평균 총 플라보노이드 섭취량은 남자가 321.8 mg/d, 여자가 308.3 mg/d였으며, 남녀 모두에서 가구소득수준이 높을수록 플라본과 이소플라본을 제외한 개별 플라보노이드 및 개별 플라보노이드 섭취량이 증가하였고, 교육수준이 높을수록 플라보놀, 플라반-3-올, 안토시아닌 등의 개별 플라보노이드와 총 플라보노이드의 섭취량이 유의하게 증가하였다. 소득수준과 교육수준에 따라 플라보노이드 섭취량에 가장 큰 차이가 있었던 식품군은 음료류로, 가구소득 수준과 교육수준이 가장 높은 군은 가장 낮은 군에 비해 음료류로부터 섭취하는 총 플라보노이드가 각각 2.7~2.9배, 8.2~8.9배 가량 더 많았다. 가구소득수준과 교육수준이 복합적으로 플라보노이드 섭취에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 교육수준이 '대졸 이상'이면서, 가구소득수준이 상, 중 상인 군은 교육수준이 '중졸 이하'이면서 가구소득수준이 하, 중하인 군에 비해 플라보노이드 섭취량이 낮을 위험이 남자에서 63%, 여자에서 50% 더 적은 것으로 나타났다. 추후 사회경제적 수준에 따른 플라보노이드 섭취량과 임상적 지표 혹은 질병의 유병률 등과의 연관성에 대한 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.