• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.77-104
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• 2014

Government R&D support for SMEs is very important and the R&D budget is also increasing. This study suggests a new method for analyzing a performance of R&D programs and analyzes the performance of R&D programs funded by small & medium business administration using the method. We discuss new measures "efficiency" that means short-term performance and "effectiveness" that means long-term performance. Weights based on the R&D programs' characteristics among the various sub-indicators of two measures were derived, and then the final scores were calculated by combining the weights with the responses on the indicators. Finally, this study tests the mean differences between R&D programs statistically. As a results, efficiency of R&D programs shows a significant difference between the R&D programs, while effectiveness does not. Most of the efficiency scores are low, whereas the effectiveness scores are high. The results explain that the R&D programs are managed inefficiently. However, most SMEs predict a positive impact of government R&D supports on effectiveness in the long term. Government needs to try to improve the efficiency of R&D supports because SMEs cannot expect sustainable performance with no improvement in efficiency.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 1999

Grain-size distribution and accumulation rate of surface sediments on the tidal flats in Hampyong Bay, southwestern coast of Korea, were investigated in a sequential interval of 2 months for the period of 27 months (1994. 10~1996. 12). Seasonal variation of grain-size distribution is prevalent on the Shimock tidal flat in the southern side of the innerbay, rather than the Anarc tidal flat in the northern side around the baymouth. This variation, in particular, more distinctive in the areas around the both high and low tide water levels. The Shimock tidal flat shows typical seasonal variation of sedimentary processes, expected under monsoonal climate. Deposition of tine-grained sediments in summer dominates over erosion in winter, resulting in an annual accumulation rate of 3.7 mm/yr. In contrast, sedimentary processes on the Anarc tidal flat is abnormal that have experienced slight deposition of fine-grained sediments in the winter and severe erosion in the summer time, showing a negative annual accumulation rate of -49.6 mm/yr. Erosional processes in this area is interpreted due mainly to change of strength and direction of tidal currents, caused by the artificial construction of dyke for reclamation in the mid-tidal flat. As a result, It is immoderate to conclude whether sedimentary processes of Hampyong Bay is erosional or depositional at current situation. Further studies on sedimentary budget at the entrance to the bay are needed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.537-546
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• 2017

This study is for a search for methods of development of marine leisure sports. As worldwide trend of marine leisure sports is developing rapidly and people more concern about their quality of life and leisure in Korea, the ear of marine leisure sports should be coming in Korea soon. This study is for a search for methods of development though the SWOT analysis. The results of the study are as below. First, the Strength of enlargement of the base in Korea are elation of concern of government and local governments, expanding local event of marine leisure sports with existing facilities and various programs. Second, the weakness of enlargement of the base in Korea are lack of awareness of marine leisure sports, frequent accident occurrence and lack of experts of marine leisure sports. Third, the Opportunity of enlargement of the base in Korea are more budget due to elation of concern of government and local governments and more preference of people in Korea. Fourth, the Threaten of enlargement of the base in Korea are low efficiency of high cost investment construction from government and local governments, huge fee of using facilities due to high cost investment construction and requiring treatment improvement of instructors of leisure sports facilities.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.225-238
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• 2020

The agricultural landscape is considered an important space to provide service functions, but the reality is that environmental and ecological problems are being reported in the creation of a facility horticulture complex. Therefore, this study was conducted to contribute to sustainable agriculture by creating a more eco-friendly facility horticultural complex. The elements of planning for eco-friendly development of the facility horticultural complex were derived from literature and expert surveys. The master plan and the bird's-eye view were then applied to the Saemangeum area by applying the planning elements. After analyzing the method of selecting and deploying input elements for improving functions, it was suggested that low-flow areas, wetlands, artificial storage facilities, green spaces, and waterways should be placed in harmony with the landscape and that the building-to-land ratio should be applied at 55%. The final design was prepared by applying the ecological service function improvement plan proposed by experts. The final bird's-eye view also reflected water purification facilities, connection of wetlands to waterways, packing of pitchers, and connection of green areas. The results of the research are expected to be used as basic data for policy and budget allocation for the eco-friendly creation of horticulture facilities and contribute to sustainable agriculture by contributing to national biodiversity and environmental preservation.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.397-406
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• 2010

The most ideal method to measure the water-soluble $Cl^-$ ion eluted from iron artifacts is conducting the analysis on desalting solution by Ion Chromatography. But most institutes related to cultural heritages use Cl meter by reason of lack of budget and experts. This study evaluated reliability and stability between Cl meter and Ion Chromatography by doing cross-validation with results from two methods to detect $Cl^-$ ion of desalting solution. From D.I water, extremely small quantities of $Cl^-$ ion was detected by the influence of remaining water-soluble $Cl^-$ ion at the electrode of Cl meter and water-soluble $Cl^-$ which remains in Sodium sesquicarbonate, components of reagent was detected as well. The first desalting solution had the most $Cl^-$ ions, $Cl^-$ ion slightly decreased from the second to the fourth desalting solution and tend to decrease again at the stage of dealkalified in D.I water. Each Cl meter has the standard deviation according to the measured numbers and the higher concentration of $Cl^-$ ion the desalting solution has, the wider the deviation is. But when the concentration of $Cl^-$ ion is low, it was stable to use Cl meter to detect the concentration of $Cl^-$ ion from iron artifacts because there is the small deviation, It is thought that conductivity meter method is not suitable for measuring $Cl^-$ ion, because the electrical conductivity of alkaline solution is too high to measure $Cl^-$ ion.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.437-447
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to research the countermeasures and expected effects through the use of drones in the field of disaster prevention as a drone-based smart quarantine performance method. The environmental, market, and technological approaches to the review of the current quarantine performance task and its countermeasures are as follows. First, in terms of the environment, the effectiveness of the quarantine performance business using drone-based control is to broaden the utilization of forest, bird flu, livestock, facility areas, mosquito larvae, pests, and to simplify and provide various effective prevention systems such as AI and cholera. Second, in terms of market, the standardization of livestock and livestock quarantine laws and regulations according to the use of disinfection and quarantine missions using domestic standardized drones through the introduction of new technologies in the quarantine method, shared growth of related industries and discovery of new markets, and animal disease prevention It brings about the effect of annual budget savings. Third, the technical aspects are (1) on-site application of disinfection and prevention using multi-drone, a new form of animal disease prevention, (2) innovation in the drone industry software field, and (3) diversification of the industry with an integrated drone control / control system applicable to various markets. (4) Big data drone moving path 3D spatial information analysis precise drone traffic information ensures high flight safety, (5) Multiple drones can simultaneously auto-operate and fly, enabling low-cost, high-efficiency system deployment, (6) High precision that this was considered due to the increase in drone users by sector due to the necessity of airplane technology. This study was prepared based on literature surveys and expert opinions, and the future research field needs to prove its effectiveness based on empirical data on drone-based services. The expected effect of this study is to contribute to the active use of drones for disaster prevention work and to establish policies related to them.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.4
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• pp.618-627
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• 2019

An increase in damage to crops and facilities caused by wildlife such as wild boar causes serious social and economic problems to the rural economy in Korea. This study aims to estimate the economic losses incurred to rural households in mountain villages near protected areas in Korea due to the damage to agricultural and forestry production by wildlife. The case of mountain villages located in Toji-myeon, Gurye-gun near the Jirisan National Park was studied as an example. Data were collected by interviewing 84 households across six mountain villages in April and June 2016. The results indicate that the economic losses due to wildlife damage in 2015 were estimated to be 1.65 million KRW per household, which is a total of 138.63 million KRW for the 84 households. Among local products, the most damaged products were chestnut, fern-brake, wild pear, peach, and potato, whereas the most damaged products per production area were sweet potato, peach, corn, and potato. The potential economic losses caused by wildlife damage to agricultural and forestry production in whole Gurye-gun area was estimated to be around 4.0 billion KRW in 2015. However, the municipal government budget for the compensation of wildlife damage was only 0.9 percent of the potential rural economic losses caused by wildlife damage in 2015. The results of our study suggest that the compensation scheme for wildlife damage is inadequate in the respect of social justice. Considering the low financial capacity of the municipalities in mountain areas, the central government should take a progressive responsibility by allocating more financial resources for compensation of economic losses of rural households due to wildlife damage. The equitable and effective governance of wildlife conservation is required for sustainable development of rural communities near protected areas.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2010

Since 2004, the government has changedthe cost estimate system to one of an actual cost basis in order to calculate the optimum construction cost by reflecting changes in circumstance on the construction site in a timely manner. Currently, this is being applied to public construction work forover a billion won of actual cost data in estimation by contract unit cost. However, directly reflecting actual cost, which for large-sized construction work was originally an average unit cost, to a small building, entails the application of a low discount rate for the cost of materials, labor, etc. and therefore can frequently give rise to cases in which the actual cost of work performed exceeds the contract sum, which in turn causes problems such as decreased revenues, bad effectson business operation, productivity, etc. Therefore, to apply actual cost to small-sized construction work (less than a billion won), there should be a plan to modify unit cost in a manner that can reflect project scale, etc. in order to resolve the problem of unit cost application of actual cost to small-building construction projects. The unit cost modification model for proper actual construction cost in small-scale construction projects developed by this study will help to increase the relevant productivity and proper gain, preventing the aggravation of business operations. Organizations placing orders are also expected to be able to secure a more realistic construction cost in arranging the budget.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.50-62
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• 2005

The elderly people was over 8.3% in 2003. This seament is projected to grow to 14.4% by 2019(Aged society) and over 20% by 2026(Super aged society). As the elderly population is increasing and young population is declined social issues around elderly care are emerged in Korea. As a result of that, they are in the condition of poor system of the welfare of the old and it is the worst one in Korea. And because of the worst financial independence and difficulty in Korea, welfare facilities and medical instruments are so insufficient and deteriorated, so the quality of service is getting low. Furthermore the mortality of cancer is rapidely increased in recent years. So it is expected that the number of families who are caring for terminal cancer patient will be increased. We can not solve those problems only with government's policy such as to secure ample budget and to enlarge the aged welfare institutions. Definitely, to acheve the suggetions persistence concern about old people is most important, and family, community and national government should be linked to accomplish to goal. Accordingly, for this study attempts to provide conceptual framework of the respite care, spiritual care and home hospice, nursing home for the elderly. And this study is to discuss the necessity and effect about the construction of housing welfare infrastructure and to make a cooperation and linkage system among the aged welfare institutions, government and the aged welfare programs. As is well known, the issue of the increasing aged people is neither a matter of individuals nor of the family, but rather a complex matter of whol society. Therefore it can be resolved by the active participation of government. Conclusively this study tries to provide an direction of the improvement with regard to the welfare policy for the elderly. The study is as follwos: Chapters 1: The theological base, conception, essentiality, respite care, spiritual care and home hospice, nursing home for the elderly. Chapters 2: Definitions of respite care, spiritual care, hospice, patient of termina cancer and quality of life. And relations between respite care and nursing home. Chapters 3: The necessity of long-term care insurance and the perspectives of spiritual care. Chapters 4: Conclusions and summarizing(The directions of improvement of welfare policy for the elderly). To sum up, the problems of the aged people has not effects only to the aged people. This means that the problems of aged is the problems of the young generation today. Because young generation will be the old generation in the near future.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 2014

Construction VE activities has occupies an important position as a key tool of the project in terms of budget and performance improvements. Reflecting this situation, VE application scope is being expanded than before. Thus, construction projects are required the continued research and development for effective use of construction VE. VE target choice method is the central part in the construction VE work. But, this has a problem with low utilization in practical terms. Accordingly, this study was developed the new methodology(PVTCM) for VE target selection of the construction VE work. Its contents are as follows: First, to analyze practical problem for VE target choice method through VE practical data. Second, to extract the high potential VE object based on the cost model and ideas similarity by excellent VE cases analysis. Third, to implement standardized VE object item by using affinity diagram for each construction type items. This research were conducted to experts interviews for comparison analysis with the cost model as one of a representative target selection method. As a result, proposed method were implemented significantly higher performance in terms of practical effectiveness than conventional method.