• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.34-41
• /
• 1998

Noninvasive low intensity ultrasound has been shown to be an effective means of accelerating bone fracture repair in both animal and clinical studies. The effects of ultrasound stimulation on bone repair after fibular osteotomy were assessed in a rabbit fibular fracture model. Bilateral closed fibular fractures were made in skeletally mature male White Japanese rabbits. In this study, 24 subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental group 1 (n=12), and experimental group 2 (n=12). Experimental group 1 received 0.875 MHz continuous ultrasound and Experimental group 2 was treated with 3 MHz continuous u1trasound. The ultrasound intensity was 50 $mW/cm^2$ and treatment time was 10 minutes for every session in both groups. In each rabbit, one fibula served as a control and the other was subjected to ultrasound treatment 5 times per week for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, rabbits were sacrificed and the ratios of the area between the trabeculae and bone marrow of the fibulae were calculated. At the end of the experimental period, 14 of the 24 rabbits were excluded due to complications from surgery or inadequate fracture status for this study. There was no statistically significant difference in the trabeculae area between experimental leg and control leg in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 (p>0.05). And there was also no statistic-statistically significant difference between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 according to ultrasound treatment frequencies, 0.875 MHz and 3 MHz (p>0.05). These data suggest that in Japanese white rabbits, low intensity ultrasound stimulation does not facilitate fracture repair nor is there any difference in fracture repair results between ultrasound frequencies, 0.875 MHz and 3 MHz.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.521-525
• /
• 2011

It is known that the low-intensity sound stimulation really affect to grow the cell. The cellular growth mechanism, however, does not been clearly identified even the effect on the low-intensity sound stimulation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of low-intensity sound stimulation on the alveolar UC-MSC proliferation. Before the low-intensity sound stimulation is applied, the UC-MSC are cultured for 24 hours to facilitate their attachments. The cells are divided into two groups. And each was exposed to a medium with or without the low-intensity ultrasound stimulation at 71dB intensity level. The UC-MSC are again divided into three treatment groups of group 1, 2, and 3 and exposed to a frequency at 50Hz, 100Hz, and 1000Hz, respectively. In the results, it is investigated that the growth rates of UC-MSC for the stimulated groups were higher than those of control groups. In 1000Hz frequency, the number of UC-MSC cell is significantly higher than control groups (p>0.05). We would put the hypothesis that the cell growth could be enhanced by an appropriate low-intensity sound stimulation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.467-477
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the affected period and the amount of bone formation during osteogenesis of intramembranous bone using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LPUS) $in$ $vivo$. Methods: Xeno-bone (Bio-oss) and autogenous bone were grafted bilaterally into mini-pig mandibles. The left mandible served as the control and the other mandible was treated with 3 MHz, 160 mW (output, 0.8 mW) ultrasound stimulation for 7 days 15 minutes per day. The mini-pigs were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks, and micro computed tomography (${\mu}CT$), a microscopic examination, and a statistical analysis were performed on the specimens. Results: Based on a computerized image analysis of the ${\mu}CT$ scans, the experimental group had an average 150% more new bone formation than that in the control group. The effect of LPUS continued during the post operative 2 weeks. The histomorphological microscopic examination showed similar results. Conclusion: Our results suggest the LPUS had an effect on early intramembranous bone formation in vivo.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.406-414
• /
• 2023

Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) isolated from mature adipocytes have a multilineage differentiation capacity similar to mesenchymal stem cells and are considered as promising source of cells for tissue engineering. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) have been reported to stimulate bone formation both in vitro and in vivo. However, the combined effect of BMP9 and LIPUS on osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs has not been studied. After preparing DFATs from mature adipose tissue from rats, DFATs were treated with different doses of BMP9 and/or LIPUS. The effects on osteoblastic differentiation were assessed by changes in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization/calcium deposition, and expression of bone related genes; Runx2, osterix, osteopontin. No significant differences for ALP activity, mineralization deposition, as well as expression for bone related genes were observed by LIPUS treatment alone while treatment with BMP9 induced osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs in a dose dependent manner. Further, co-treatment with BMP9 and LIPUS significantly increased osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs compared to those treated with BMP9 alone. In addition, upregulation for BMP9-receptor genes was observed by LIPUS treatment. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, significantly inhibited the synergistic effect of BMP9 and LIPUS co-stimulation on osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs. LIPUS promotes BMP9 induced osteoblastic differentiation of DFATs in vitro and prostaglandins may be involved in this mechanism.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2001

This study was performed to observe the effect of ultrasound(1.0MHz, $0.75W/cm^2\;and\;1.0W/cm^2$) irradiation on cultured MC3T3-E1 cell, osteoblastic like cell with respect to the proliferation, protein synthesis, and alkaline phosphatase activity of the cells. The results were as follows: 1. The proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was increased on ultrasound irradiated group compared with control group. 2. The protein synthesis was not apparently increased on ultrasound irradiated group compared with control group. 3. The alkaline phosphatase activity level was not apparently increased on ultrasound irradiated group compared with control group. From the above results and other literatures, we could suggest that the ultrasound with the appropriate intensity and frequency may have important roles in stimulation of cell proliferation. Therefore the ultrasound may be used in the acceleration of the bone regeneration and bone fracture healing.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.412-421
• /
• 2023

초음파 뇌 자극술을 통하여 뇌 심부의 국소 지역에 있는 뇌 세포의 활성화를 유도할 수 있으며, 이를 통하여 저하된 뇌 기능을 치료하는데 효과가 있음이 보고되어 왔다. 반면, 초음파 자극의 종류에 따라 신경 변조의 효율과 방향이 달라질 수 있음이 알려져 있어, 적절한 초음파 자극의 종류를 확립하는 연구가 중요하다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 이를 효과적으로 최적화 하기 위해 세포 배양시 사용되는 커버슬립 기반의 초음파 변환자를 제안하고자 한다. 균일한 초음파 자극을 전도하기 위해서 폴리머 압전소자(Poly-vinylidene fluoride-trifluorethylene, PVDF-TrFE)를 스핀 코팅하고 패를린 절연층을 상단에 적층시켜 음압 출력을 극대화 시켰다. 개발된 초음파 변환자 융합 커버슬립은 초음파자극기 표면에 배양된 수십개의 신경세포에 균일하고 정확한 초음파 자극을 전달 할 수 있고, 자극에 따른 세포의 반응을 형광 현미경으로 실시간 관찰 가능하다. 따라서, 동일한 초음파 자극에 대한 세포의 반응 신호를 최대 수십개 세포로부터 동시에 획득 가능하므로, 반응 신호를 평균 한다면 낮은 강도의 초음파 자극에 따른 뇌 세포의 미세한 반응을 검출할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 초음파 변환자와 물의 표면 등에서 발생하는 정현파에 의한 자극의 왜곡 현상을 줄일 수 있어서 사용자가 원하는 초음파 자극을 정확하게 세포로 전달 가능하다. 이렇게 개발된 초음파 변환자를 통해 변환자 표면에 배양된 별세포에서 6 MHz, 0.2 MPa의 저강도 초음파 자극에 의해 유도된 칼슘 반응을 성공적으로 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2009

Purpose : The aim of this study is to evaluate a possibility of clinical application for the effects of low intensity ultrasound stimulation (LIUS) in morphological characteristics (i.e., structure, bone mineral density) of bone on osteoporotic fracturesprevention. Materials and Methods : Eight virgin 14-week-old ICR mice (approximate weight 25g) were used and ovariectomized (OVX) to induce osteoporosis. Right tibia (US) for each mouse served as the LIUS (1.5MHz frequency, 1.0 kHz pulse repetition on frequency, $30mW/cm^2$ intensity, $200{\mu}s$ pulse length, and stimulation for 20 minutes a day and 5 days a week over a 6-week period). Left tibia (CON) for each mouse served as the non-stimulated controls. Structural parameters and bone mineral density ($g/cm^3$) on trabecular bone of tibiae were calculated and measured from images derived in-vivo micro computed tomography (micro-CT) at 0 week and after 6weeks. Results : The BV/TV and Tb.N in US group were significantly bigger than those in CON group. The Tb.Pf in US group, moreover, was significantly smaller than that in CON group (p<0.05).For the others structural parameters and BMD, however, there were no significant difference between US group and CON group (p>0.05). Conclusion : The LIUS might prevent bone loss and keep bone connectivity in osteoporotic bones. Therefore, the LIUS might prevent effectively the osteoporotic fractures in clinics.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.787-794
• /
• 2005

Nowadays chronic degenerative diseases such as arthritis are increasing rapidly, even though acute infectious diseases are decreasing due to the advance of modern medicine. Although many of remedies are developed for arthritis healing, there is no precise medical prescription, and pathogenesis is not examined exactly. In this study, we confirmed gene expression of BMP 1A, BMP 2B, osteonectin and MGP which are genes related with bone formation in osteoblast by using ultrasonic stimulation. Through this study, we also evaluated the fact that ultrasound could be applied to arthritis healing by making activated osteoblast induce remodeling of cartilage. As a result of this research, BMP 2B and MGP have higher rates of expression in specific ultrasound mode. In conclusion, it is expected that ultrasound could be used efficiently for healing arthritis if we use ultrasounds according to symptoms of arthritis on reasonable terms.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 2013

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of therapeutic ultrasound (US) of cell viability and inflammatory cytokine in rat articular chondrocyte cultures stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Design: One group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Cultured chondrocytes were treated with US and/or LPS and assessed for viability, Tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ and Interleukin (IL)-1 production. Results: Oxidative stress was induced in rat chondrocytes with LPS. The cell viability was decreased in chondrocytes after treatment with LPS. The viability revealed that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) exerted no significant cytotoxicity in the rat chondrocyte. LIPUS inhibited decreased cell viability in the presence of LPS ($30{\mu}g/ml$) in a intensity dependent pattern at LIPUS (p<0.05). $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in the presence of LPS was also inhibited in a dose dependent manner (p<0.05 from $30mW/cm^2$). IL-1 production in the presence of LPS was inhibited as well (p<0.05 from $7.5mW/cm^2$). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that US was the anti-inflammatory effect of chondrocytes. LIPUS may exert its anti inflammatory effects through inhibition of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-1 synthesis. These results suggest that US have potential for use as a pain relief and reduce the articular destruction.

• Medical Lasers
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2021

As technology advances at a rapid rate, innovations in regenerative medicine will eventually include the use of energy-based therapeutics, such as low intensity-pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUs), pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation (PMFs), and low-level laser/light therapy (LLLt) or photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt). Among these treatments, LLLt/PBMt attracted significant attention by the turn of the century, as evidenced by the numerous publications compared to LIPUs and PMFs, particularly for augmented bone regeneration (ABR). This is a testament of how the maturation of technology and scientific knowledge leads to latent compounded applications, even when the value of a technique is reliant on empirical data. This article reviews some of the notable investigations using LLLt/PBMt for bone regeneration published in the past decade, focusing on how this type of therapy has been utilized together with the existing regenerative medicine landscape.